No activity like tourism will be formed without appealing attractions. Most of the researchers agree that tourism attractions are the basic element for tourism development. Development of tourism activities will be impossible without appropriate tourism services because tourism services are the fundamental for tourism development. Disregarding of this issue has impeded tourism growth and will lead to dissatisfaction of tourists. Consequently، we have wasted financial، mental and emotional costs for tourists and caused their dissatisfaction. Since tourism is developed by environment، human beings and their activities in places as a local and spatial phenomenon provides the ground for spatial links between origin and destination points. Tourism processing around each geographical space is conducted in a process of compatibility of attractions، dwellings and necessary facilities. This in turn forms a process of tourism reception with understanding of tourism on one side and a deep measurement and understanding of the related spade on the other side، because the tourists may be managed better by understanding the infrastructures and by ranking them in an area. Therefore، it is very necessary to provide coordination between the number of tourists and the capacity of tourism places and especially infrastructures. Since tourism routes are parts of this space and in fact there are link between tourism spaces and the tourists، it is، therefore، necessary to identify and organize tourism routes as the fundamentals of tourism development in terms of service quality and quantity. For this reason، in order to identify، organize and plan for development of tourism routes of Fars Province، it is necessary that these routes are ranked in tourism services because as a managerial tool، this ranking can be helpful for the planners based on the capabilities of each tourism route. The role and position of the capabilities are specified and proportional to the characteristics of each of the tourism routes، loading level of physical elements. The volume of investment in the tourism zones are specified proportional to the characteristics of each of the tourism routes so that tourists can be managed better proportional to the capacity of each tourism route and also because we can meet maximum needs of this class by offering suitable services and to identify and remove the impediments of service restrictions of the routes. Based on the objective of this research، this is an applied research and based on the procedure and nature، it is a descriptive and analytical research. For the goals of this research، the effective criteria in road tourism services were firstly identified by using Delphi method and library studies and completed with the viewpoints of experts. Then، proportional to the criteria، local data of the zone were collected. After that، the weights of each of the criteria were specified after completion of pairvise comparison questionnaire by the experts using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the next step، Expert Choice 2000 application is used to accurately calculate the weight of research criteria. Finally، the ranking map of tourism routes in Fars Province is drawn by using the database of GIS and recovery capability، data analysis and COPRAS ranking method. The present research was carried out with the goal of spatial classifying of tourism routes of Fars Province based on the services and facilities. For this reason، in the first step the criteria and indices of the research as the most important and primary process of research were conducted by the experts using Delphi technique within three steps using questionnaire. Finally، the required criteria were extracted as shown in figure 1. It should be noted that in this research the number of services and facilities are considered that are located near each of the tourism routes. For this reason، a buffer limit of about one kilometer is defined for each of the routes. The number of services in the zone has been identified due to easier access as well as tourist needs to this type of service. Moreover، for the number of cities and villages as well as tourism attractions، a buffer limit of about 3 km has been defined in that the cities and villages and also tourism attractions have potentially minimum of the services. After collection of data، the matrix that specifies the amounts of each index was formed. It should be noted that the tourism routes of the research were modeled with basic changes based on the general tourism routes of Fars Province defined by the Cultural Heritage Organization. This organization has determined 43 general tourism routes for Fars Province. In this research، 31 highly attractive routes along with the services of each of them were specified to make the research operational and applicable. Research results indicate that tourism routes including “Shiraz-Marvdasht-Safa Shahr-Abadeh-Esfahan”، Shiraz-Marvdasht-Safa Shahr-Abadeh”، and “Shiraz-Marvdasht-Safashahr-Eghlid” which are the entrance highways for tourism from central and north zones of the country to this province. These routes have the least tourism services. On the other hand، these routes have the most transportation traffic and they have contained in themselves the most important tourism attractions such as the Shrine of Cyrus the Great، Persepolis، Naghsh-e Rostam which require the attention of the planners and experts. Moreover، tourism routes in the south of country like “Shiraz-Firooz Abad-Ghir Khanj-Gerash-Lar-Bastak”، “Shiraz-Sarvestan-Fasa-Darab-Rastagh-Haji Abad”، and “Shiraz-Akbar Abad-Jahrom-Jooyam Banarouyeh-Dehkouyeh-Lar-Harmood-Bandar Abbas” are the main tourism routes of the province. They have the minimum tourism services as well. Therefore، the results show that the more we get far from the center of the province towards the suburb towns، the less the tourism routes enjoy tourism facilities. Most of the tourists enter from the south part of the country to Fars Province، where have the minimum tourism services. Therefore، they are in the first priority for development and this requires the comprehensive attention of planners to these routes.

According to tourism routes for attract tourist in an area can also is generate income, improve the quality of life of the host society. A tourism route, despite having numbers of attractions and tourism resources along the way needs are strategic planning. This paper aims to prioritize tourism routes have been studied in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Methodology cross - quantitative and qualitative.Data for this study were obtained from official statistics based on 40 key indicators. required is obtained from official statistics, the TOPSIS model, and the weighting of criteria and sub-criteria, the AHP model to rank trails and 6 filed Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari provincetourism deals. TOPSIS results show that there are disparities between routes and route 1 has first out and route number 4 ranking last Average rating indicates a higher than average routes1 and 5,5 and 3 routes and paths around the mean and 2 and 4 are below average. The necessary solutions to eliminate imbalances in tourism routes and proposals to be discussed.

Preservation and revival of historical contexts has always been the most important concerns of urban planners in different periods. The prosperity of the tourism industry is one of the ways to preserve and revive such textures, because despite the advancement of technology and the construction of new urban spaces, old and historical textures are still landmarks of cities and often tourism tends to be more in these spaces and places. On the other hand, defining and redefining pedestrian tourism routes in these contexts can create the flow of life in the old body and prevent objective and mental burnout of the context. The historical context of Tehran Bazaar, which is more than 200 years old, has suitable capacities for pedestrian tourism and hosts different tourists every day, but the lack of suitable tourist routes has caused abandonment, forgetting and not visiting parts of this area. With the aim and practical nature, the present article aims to study the tourist trails of the historical context of Tehran Bazaar and in four consecutive sections, using graph theory, equates the dominant behavioral patterns as a linear programming problem by GIS software. And finally extracted 10 paths. In order to prioritize and categorize the routes, the ViKor multi-criteria model is used and ten routes in the form of three categories, commercial, cultural and ritual tourism routes are classified and for each category, a proposed route is designed and presented in GIS software. The results show that commercial tourism routes cover 70% of the behavioral patterns of the area, which by defining targeted tourism routes, while providing tourism goals, can lead to visits to other old buildings and structures.

In tourism planning, it is important to consider how the tourist is traveling to or back from the target location. What is important in making and completing tourism routes, is the orders or arrangements made for tourist arrivals, that here is called ‘arrival hierarchy’. These routes are considered at various levels: (a) Entering the city/sites through the urban entrance routes such as the passenger terminals, airports and stations; (b) Passing through the urban routes and reaching at the accommodation/resorts; and finally (c) Visiting the tourist attractions of target destinations. The tourism studies have mostly focused on the third aspect of this travel arrangement, and less attention has paid to the first two items. Considering the historical context of Yazd city on the World Heritage List and having quite a lot of tourist attractions, many plans and programs have been proposed for tourism prosperity, while less attention has been paid to plans that focusing on the necessity of tourist arrivals, and the following evaluation of existing traveling routs and their key factors.Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify and analyze the possible arrangements/hierarchy make for tourist arrival in historical city of Yazd. The main research question arises here is that, what arrangements have been made for tourist arrival in city of Yazd? And what key factors do effect on this? To answer these questions this study used a qualitative and descriptive, applied research method. First of all, the results show that the entry of tourists using road transport’ is not appropriate compared to the rail and air transport, that is all because of lacking clear and defined urban boundaries. On the other hand, on road transport, the entry of ‘mental and intuitive’ receptions are stronger than rail and air transport, while, the ‘physical entry’ is the same in all three categories. The tourist routes are not only confined to the network of attractions, and two other important components related to it are, ‘The [urban] entrance points and the connecting routs of these entrances to the tourist resorts. In other words, in a city like Yazd, which has drawn the attraction of many tourists by registering its own ‘historical texture’ on the UNESCO World Heritage List, the mere presence of significant attractions, historical context and appropriate tourism facilities are not enough, but rather, a network of arranged-based tourism routes or briefly ‘Arrival Hierarchy’ plays an important role in tourism industry.

Nature-based sports tourism as one of the types of tourism can play an important role in the development of the regions and have an important impact on promoting the physical and mental health of tourists. This type of tourism has great compatibility with sustainable development strategies at the regional level. Lorestan province has numerous natural capacities such as unique mountains and waterfalls, numerous rivers and lakes with unique ecosystems due to its position in the Zagros Mountains. Therefore, this province can be considered as one of the most important hubs for nature-based sports tourism in the country; however, the potential and actual capacity of the province has not yet been used effectively in the field of nature-based sports tourism. The purpose of this study is to determine the capacity and ranking of tourism routes in the province based on nature-based sports tourism. For this purpose, the required criteria and indicators were first extracted from previous research and then localized for Lorestan province according to experts' opinion. The weight of the criteria has been determined based on the experts' opinion and by using the best-worst method (BWM) in LINGO software, then tourism routes based on the capacity of nature-based sports tourism is ranked using EDAS method. Findings show that Khorramabad-Aligodarz, Khorramabad-Dorood, Khorramabad-Boroujerd routes are in the first to third rank , and Khorramabad-Kohdasht, Khorramabad-Delfan, Khorramabad-Poldokhtar, Khorramabad-Azna, Khorramabad-Doureh and Khorramabad–Selseleh routes are respectively ranked next.

The historical context of Isfahan in the Shahshahan neighborhood, in the vicinity of Isfahan Jame Mosque, has valuable historical elements that provide the possibility of culture-led regeneration in this area. Also, various religious and ritual cultural events, numerous handicraft workshops, and artists' presence in this field have given a unique structure to this context. However, the lack of a culture-led regeneration approach and physical approach to the restoration of historical buildings without taking into account the construction pattern of the entire structure and activity changes and the injection of new uses, the lack of consideration of the cultural and artistic values ​​of this area and the neglect of the requirements of the tourism industry have caused this. Historical context cannot attract tourists to the extent of its capabilities. Therefore, this research seeks to apply strategic studies to provide a network of interconnected tourism axes along historical elements and ritual and cultural poles in the Shahshahan neighborhood to transform it into a creative handicraft neighborhood as a target area for tourism development. This research is descriptive and exploratory based on the type of applied research, and in terms of method, it is among the qualitative research based on the research strategy. The research process was carried out to prepare the theoretical framework of creative tourism and culture-led regeneration. In the next stage, the studies related to the project "Redefining the Role of Tourism Target Neighborhoods in the Direction of Tourism Development" of the Shahshahan neighborhood were reviewed and based on the theoretical framework of research, analysis, and The goal achievement matrix was presented based on the regeneration components with creative tourism approach. Finally, the action plans were presented as a network map of creative tourism routes and a list of proposed projects in restoration, functional, urban space, and beautification projects. The results show that this neighborhood, with its many historical elements and buildings with architectural value, the activities of handicraft workshops and artists, and a variety of religious and ritual activities, has unique capabilities to become a creative neighborhood of handicrafts and a tourist destination of the historical context of Isfahan city. As Isfahan is a part of the network of creative cities in the field of handicrafts, the design of the network of tourism routes is an excellent opportunity to create a suitable space for presenting capacities, abilities, workshops, and handicraft works as creative industries in the order of experience-oriented touristic routes with a particular theme in this area.

Nowadays, mining tourism is known as a strategy for local development and an alternative economy in remote areas. Yazd province is Iran's mineral hub and has a high potential for promoting mining tourism. However, this form of tourism in the province has not been considered as it should. This paper emphasizes on recognizing the mining tourism routes in Yazd province. Field trip and observation method were used in this research, and the results identified four routes (Taft-Mehriz route; west of Meybod city; the route from Yazd to Tabas and The distance between Bafgh and Bahabad) for promoting mining tourism in the province.

The highly competitive environment in tourism services, tourism activists are forced to seek new ways to improve their competitive advantage. Tourism Supply chain management is one of the most effective strategies that tourism firms can use to increase their competitive advantage. A study on the performance evaluation of supply chain management in the service sector, such as tourism, is very limited in comparison with the manufacturing sector. This shows the necessity of further study in this field. The purpose of this study was to identify the processes and components of rural tourism supply chain management using the Delphi method and their ranking with the DANP method. For this purpose, two groups of academic experts and local managers of Mazandaran were selected by snowball sampling method. Two questionnaires were designed In the form of Likert spectrum and paired comparisons. Experts' views were used to increase formal validity. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, the fitting coefficient of paired comparisons was used. The fitting coefficient was 0/0035 and it was of sufficient reliability. The studied area is mountainous and forest villages of central Mazandaran city including Savadkouh, Babol, Amol and Noor. A total 28 tourism routes and 164 tourist villages were identified. Finally, of 164 villages, 72 villages were identified as the main destination of tourists in tourism routes. Of the identified villages, 19 villages were located in Savdkouh, 17 villages in Babol, 19 villages in Amol and 17 villages in Noor.The results show that, according to local experts, the management process of performance assessment has the highest priority and the knowledge management process has the least importance in assessing the performance of rural tourism supply chain management. Based on the results, the rank and importance of the processes are as follows: 1) Performance Management; 2) Capacity Management; 3) Financial Management; 4) Market Management; 5) Demand Management; 6) Risk Management; 7) Customer Relationship Management; 8) Supplier Relationship Management; 9) Order Process Management; 10) information management; 11) knowledge management.

Tourism industry like other industries must apply the last and modern information and communication technology to develop. However, travel costs is one of the most important issues in this regards particularly when tour operators aim to planning towards determining tourism route. If we determine places visited by tourists as points on the map and draw communicational rout between these points, a set of points and routs in a graph can be showed. Each point indicates target point and each graphite edge indicates the rout between two points. Each graphite edge has a weight indicating cost, time or other travel indicators. Here, the issue is finding shortest, low cost or nearest routs between one point and other points. Therefore, this study aims to find this rout by using Dickstre's algorithm. This algorithm can be applied in software program related to services in tourism field towards planning tours.

Today, tourism is recognized as one of the main and most important sources of income in many. Since tourism is characterized by "movement", consideration of tourist’s movements and the routes they choose during their visits of urban attractions is of vital importance. The historical area and cultural heritage of Isfahan are the most important factors that could contribute to the development of tourism in this city. Therefore, in the present study attempts are made to promote heritage tourism in order to detect and prioritize effective qualities in designing heritage tourism routes. The present study falls within the category of analytical studies in terms of procedure (selected by the researcher) and applied studies in terms of objective. Library studies have been used in expressing the theoretical foundations of the subject and presenting the research network model, interviews and questionnaires have been used to collect data according to the nature of the research. Finally, in order to prioritize and evaluate the presented components, the Network Analysis Process (ANP) method was used. The results indicate that the components of attention and emphasis on heritage attractions as well as increasing safety and security, consideration of biological dimensions, permeability and accessibility, are the most effective components in the design of the Julfa axis with a heritage tourism approach and after that, legibility and wayfinding, observance of human scale, visual attractiveness of the route, diversity, flexibility and sense of place should be considered in the design of these routes, and paying attention to these factors and increasing their quality has a great impact on promoting the tourism industry in this area.