فصلنامه مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران
سال چهارم شماره 2 (تابستان 1394)

Today, mobile phone as one of manifestations of new communication technology plays an important role in human individual and social life and it is included an inseparable part in their daily relations so that we can claim that life is impossible without it for many of people or at least it doesnt have any desirability. The influence of mobile phone applications in life different matters, is a universal phenomenon and in spite of subsiding primary fever of its usage in our society, it is extremely acceptable that the serious and basic disadvantages of this modern technology are kept hidden and invisible. In general, the purpose of this research is studying about family emotional atmosphere and parent's control on the (desirable and undesirable) mobile phone applications. The way of studying in this research is considering (380 individuals) among 12-18 years old teenagers in Tehran. conceptional frameworks of this research is based up on studying views (sociology of social deviance, communications and psychology) and reviewing of empirical resources and main assumptions are propounded in that model. The research results show that the teenagers use short messages rather than calls to communicate during a day. They usually send messages for their friends (with the same sex and also opposite sex) and the contents of these taken and sent messages are usually consist of expressing love and kindness. The results also show that boys use mobile phone undesirably more than girls. And the factors like family emotional atmosphere, parent's control and specific field of application, influence teenagers applications of mobile phone. In fact the family emotional atmosphere and parent's control act as factors to prevent the teenager from applying mobile phone undesirably and to encourage him/her to apply mobile phone desirably.

Security has two dimensions of subjective (security feeling) and objective. There are preconditions for security feeling in society that one of the preconditions, the existence of security in the society. These levels are linked together and the interaction between these two levels of objective and subjective that security in the society is achieved.Therefore, in this article we have tried to explanation the interaction between micro and macro levels of security in the country. Level of analysis in the present research is the micro and macro levels. The Statistical population of the research is the individuals older than 15 in the five provinces of Isfahan, Tehran, Kurdistan, Lorestan, and Khuzestan, That the number of 1920 of them were selected as sample using multistage cluster sampling. To select provinces, the provinces with according to the security it divided into the four clusters and then by simple random method chosen five provinces of the clusters.The research method is cross-sectional survey and secondary analysis. Also a questionnaire and secondary data are used as the tools of data collection. The research methods used was a survey (in the study security feeling) and secondary analysis (in the study of security provinces). The findings show that the amount of security feeling in all aspects is lower middle scale. Also, the findings of this study show that there is a meaningful relationship between variables of security (and social, cultural, economic dimensions of security), religion, ethnicity, geographic region, sex, marital status, age and educational with dependent variable of security feeling. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that all independent variables except four variable, security, geographic region, religion and age, have been removed from the regression equation due to shared variance. These variables to explain a total of 0.093 of the variation have security feeling. In terms of security in macro level, respectively provinces of Tehran (0.564), Isfahan (0.440), Kurdistan (0.422), Lorestan (0.403) and Khuzestan (0.393) have a mean more. Also the frontier provinces (Kurdistan and Khuzestan) with a mean of 0.40 compared to non- frontier provinces (Tehran, Isfahan and Lorestan) with a mean of 0.46 securities, in macro level were less security. According to the findings can be concluded that security feeling is due to the direct and indirect experience individuals from their surrounding environment and facilities that social system structure (objective and macro security level) puts at their disposal.The security feeling is a social production and social institutions, political, economic, cultural in macro level in the formation of are shared and security in micro level is reflections for security in macro level.

Social capital is the one the most multidiscipline concept that have special effects to facility human relations in the society. These effects showing themselves as consequences in thought of social sciences scientist and philosopher in various arena.
According to theories considered different consequences for social capital that we examine some of them in this study.
The method was survey. We have selected residents above 15 in different provinces of Iran by cluster sampling through cochran formula. The central variable was social capital in the study that encompass trust, individual and intergroup relations, people interactions with organizations, institutions and social groups, social cohesion, social support and association relations that measured them combinatorial.
The results have shown that quality and quantity of social capital is different in every provinces that show its effects through consequences. Social capital and its component could have positive consequences for individuals by making and increasing trust, participation, social cohesion, and social support and association relations.

Today, women`s social health has become an important and critical issue. Social health is the reflection of society`s conditions and it is derived from multiple social factors. Intervention in these factors is beyond the medical profession and sociologists are required in this field. On the other hand, trust has become a vital topic in human communities in the present era. Considering the effect of trust on social health, this paper aims to study the relationship between social trust and women`s social health in Yazd, Iran. The survey study was performed and as many as 288 females were chosen through proportionate cluster sampling (PPS). Findings indicate that social trust and its dimensions are found to have significant and direct relationship with social health and different dimensions of social trust are able to determine 23% of social health variance. According to standardized Beta coefficients, reliability on environment (β= 0.22), interpersonal trust (β= 0.21), generalized trust (β= 0.18), and institutional trust (β= 0.12) have the highest contribution to determine social health. In addition, modeling results of structural equations showed that social trust rise leads to social health increase.

Interaction between human and his environment is always in consideration from scientists and scholars across various scientific spheres. For decades there are not any doubts that Enhancement of connection between human and nature in various forms is necessarily influenced by their attitudes, feelings and perspectives toward this environment. However, examining of environmental emotions separately in Iran has not any record. Environmental emotions with implications of sense of duty and belonging to nature have an important impact on types of behavior towards nature. This research using survey method and random stratified cluster sampling of total mature residents of Tehran city and also structured questionnaire has studied social causes and related mechanisms which influence environmental emotions. Findings show that the mean of environmental emotions of Tehran residents in a numerical scale between 0 to 100 is about 62.1 to 65.1 which are considered above average level. In bivariate relationships between sex, environmental values, experience of connection to nature, environmental socialization and religiosity with dependent variable, statistical significance was confirmed. In multiple regression, theoretical model could explain about 64% of dependent variable’s variation. Results from path analysis also give the most effect abbot environmental values on experience of connection to nature and then on dependent variable with total effect about 0.573.

This paper seeks to explore the status of municipalities in the implementation of local social policy based on the existing legal framework though analyzing all legislations and regulations pertaining to municipalities (specially Tehran Municipality). The paper uses both quantitative and qualitative content analysis and applies thematic analysis. Research findings indicate that most of tasks and missions envisaged in the internal regulations of Tehran municipality are not reflected in national legislations, resulting in ambiguity and overlap with the jurisdiction of governmental bodies. Moreover, some policy domains such as public health, leisure and transportation have received more attention than other domains such as income maintenance, housing and social care. This is also the case for some target groups such as the elderly and immigrants and as well as children and young people to receive less attention or to be absent in the existing regulations. Another finding is that citizen participation in local social policy is mainly restricted to the execution phase not to formulation or evaluation. These findings can provide a better understanding of the status of municipalities with regard to local social policy and could be used in revising existing legislations and removing legal barriers.

This article studied the values of the relations of women’s life-world with the civil legal system transposition and the influencing factor on these relations from the viewpoint of married women over 18 in Tehran city. In this study, In this study, survey method was used and the data was collected through a questionnaire and a multistage cluster sampling from a sample of 600 married women chosen from 22 districts of Tehran. From among the sample, 48 percent believed that the latency and the gap in the legal system of the women’s life-world are high; while 52 percent rated them low. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between the systemic factor of "the defects in law enforcement" and the transposition of the civil legal system. The results also showed that the six variables of life-world factor are involved in explaining the variance of the variable of legal transposition of women’s life-world. The relationships between these six variables are significant. It was found that, from the viewpoint of the women with legal knowledge, the religion as a cross-institutional element has an impact on the civil legal system transposition of the women's life-world.