Organic Chemistry Journal
Volume:1 Issue: 2, 2010

The reaction of isatin, barbituric acid, and cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives in the presence of K-10 as catalyst for 30 min was found to be a suitable and efficient method for the synthesis of spiro[chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5,3'indoline]-tetraones. This combination was done under ionic liquid media.

Triethylammonium halochromates are easily synthesized by addition of triethylamine to aqueous solutions of CrO3 and HX (X= F, Cl), and show ability in the oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones under microwave irradiation.

Calculations are carried out on the structures of some unsymmetrically substituted pyridines using semi-empirical PM3 and density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP methods with 6-31G and 6-31** basis sets. The equilibrium structures and comparative heats of formation of these pyridine derivatives are investigated. Vibrational frequencies of the carbonyl groups and natural bond orbital (NBO) charges are calculated at B3LYP/6-31G level of theory for these compounds. In addition, the results obtained for these compounds in this study have been compared with those reported for the corresponding unsymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridines.

Dithiocarbamates (DTC) are well known compounds to bind strongly and selectively to many metal ions, so in the past few years self-assembly directed by metal–dithiocarbamate coordination have emerged as a useful supramolecular methodology for the preparation of macrocycles, cages, catenanes, and nanoparticles. Most of applications are based on complexation properties of DTC ligands with metal ions, especially with transition metal ions. DTC ligands readily form chelates with all transition metal ions through its two donor sulfur atoms. In this research a new dithiocarbamate compound was synthesized and characterized using elemental analyses, FT-IR, NMR. The antibacterial activities of synthesized compound were studied against two Gram-negative species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and two Gram-positive species, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and, for in vitro antifungal activity against, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nigar.

Total phenolic and flavonoid content of the Achillea millefolium L. extracts was determined by using the Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) method, respectively. In addition, the antioxidant activity was tested by the DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. Descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed using SPSS. The extract of Achillea millefolium L showed scavenging effects against DPPH radical. The antioxidant and total phenolic content levels are also positively and significantly correlated.

A simple and effective synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione derivatives from aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and thiourea in DMF by using chlorotrimethylsilane as catalyst has been described. Compared with classical Biginelli reaction conditions, this new method has the advantage of excellent yields and shorter reaction times.

Fire Retardant Coating (FRC) components have been studied and optimized in this work. Main components of FRC include; Polyammoniumphosphate, Pentaeritrol and Melamine. The results of thermal analysis indicate that decomposition of main components occur in the 220 to 790 oC temperature range. Thermal reactions of Penta-eritrol starts at lower temperatures followed by melamine undergoing structural changes around 250 oC. Polyammoniumphosphate show no weight reduction below 290ºC. In addition to the main components there is a specific plasticizer in fire retardant formulation to improve properties of the coal layer. Beyond 500 oC only carbon in the form of coal remains.