Sustainable Aquaculture and Health Management Journal
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Summer and Autumn 2016

240 rainbow trout fingerlings weighting 16 gram were randomly allocated into three treatment groups including 0.5, 1.0and 1.5 gr/kg of Echinacea purpurea extract in food, and a control group (without EPE in food), each intriplicates for 60 days. At sampling times, some of hematological and biochemical parameters including C3 and C4 complements, oxygen free radicals, lysozyme activity, and other hemathological parameters were analyzed. Also, at the end of the experiment,fishes challenged with Streptococcus iniae and the mortality was analyzed. However, there were no significant differences in C4, total immunoglobulin, lymphocyte and monocyte (p>0.05). The amount of glucose, serum total protein and albumin decreased at the end of the experiment significantly (p

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different levels of Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) methanol extract on the growth performances (final weight (FW), daily growth ratio (DGR), feed conversion rate (FCR), voluntary feed intake (VFI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) and some of hematological parameters (hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 360 of larvae (with average weight of 0.75±0.03g) in 4 treatments: control group without using Echinacea extract, an another groups (treatment 2, 3 and 4) the amounts of this extract were 50,100 and 200 g/kg food. The highest FW (4.22±0.11g), DGI (1.72±0.50%) and the lowest FCR (0.95±0.05) and VFI (1.77±0.05%), were observed in treatment 4. But treatment 4 in all of these growth parameters did not show a significant difference compared with treatment 3 (P> 0.05). After 60 days, treatments 3 and 4, showed significantly higher RBC, WBC, Hb and Hct than those fed the control diet. Finally, the present results suggest that diet containing 100 and 200 g kg-1 extract could improve growth and hematological parameter of M. cephalus.

This study conducted to determine the amount of the heavy metals such as Cd, Ni, and Pb in the muscle tissue of Hoof benthic fish (Psettodes erumei) and urban pelagic fish () in Qeshm Island in the north of the Persian Gulf. Overall, the heavy metal content Lethrinus nebulosus of 30 tissue samples was randomly measured by atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean amount of Cd (0.16 0.002 ) and Ni( 0.56 0.03 ) in benthic Hoof was significantly greater than that in the Urban pelagic fish while the concentration of (29.64 3.72) in urban pelagic fish was higher than that in the Hoof tissue samples (P

Ligula intestinalis originally is belongs to Cestoda parasite that infests a range of fish family especially Cyprinidae. It is also a zoonosis parasite that affects fish and probably human health. This study tried to isolate L. intestinalis from Sea bream (Abramis brama Orientalis), an species classified in family, Cyprinidae, from Caspian Sea. Sixty Sea bream were caught from Caspian Sea, Babolsar Fisheries port. Among that, 26.66% were infected with L. intestinalis. The tissues of infected fishes including gonads, liver and kidney were examined for pathological findings. Ovaries changes showed fibrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, atrophy of oocytes; testicular hyperemia, necrosis, fibrosis and degeneration; kidneys necrosis, destruction of tubules, vacuolar degeneration; and liver vacuolar degeneration, biliary duct hyperplasia, necrosis, lymphatic vessel dilatation, fibrosis and cholestasis. Considering the effect of L. intestinalis on fish and human health, the prevention programs to disturb the cycle of parasite and more monitoring studies in fish epidemiology especially food fish are recommended.

A 4 days study was conducted to determine the effects of Different concentration of bioaugmentor bacterial strain Bacillus licheniformisi, B. subtilis, B. polymyxa, B. laterosporus and B. circulans (Protexin Aquatech, UK) on adjustment of parameters of water quality as TAN, NO2-N, NO3-N and turbidity from the effluent of Common Carp ponds. Effects of time and concentration were studied as a completely randomized split-plot design. Time and concentration and their interaction had a significant difference (P

The present study tried to investigate the effects of probiotic, Pediococcus acidilactici in concentrations of 1× 109, 2× 109 and 3×109cfu kg-1 diet on growth and survival rate of oriental bream fry (Abramis brama orientalis, Berg 1949) in comparison to control diet (devoid of probiotic) for 60 days. In so doing, 180 specimens of oriental bream with initial weight of 2.69± 0.22 g were divided randomly into12 fiberglass tanks (capacity 110 l).They were fed at 3-5 percent body weight daily. A the end of the trial, growth and survival rates were measured. The best growth performance was viewed in treatments rather than the control because of the improvement of gut microflora balance, which performed by probiotic P. acidilactici, following by the enzyme secretion for increasing nutrient digestibility and fish appetite. The best bodyweight gain, specific and daily growth rates, and the lowest feed conversion ratio was observed in treatment, feeding with diet containing 2× 109cfu kg-1 diet (P

Edwardsiella tarda is a versatile pathogen that could survive in different environmental conditions and infect economically important fish species. The whole cell antigenic proteins were extracted from E. tarda and assessed via Western blot using anti E. trada rohu and anti E. trada rabbit serum. Two strong reacted proteins with antibodies were recovered viz 61 kDa and 47 kDa from SDS PAGE gels to evaluate their vaccine potential in rohu fish. Fish were vaccinated 10 µg of antigenic proteins intraperitoneally as immunogens with Freund’s incomplete adjuvant (FIA). The boosters were given on the 10th day of immunization with PBS. The blood was drawn from vena caudalis at every 7th day for hematological and immunological studies. Fish were challenged on 35th day with 1× 106 cfu E. tarda field isolate ET-1. The cumulative mortality (CM) was recorded over one week and relative percentage survival (RPS) was calculated. The 61 kDa and 47 kDaproteins had significantly higher RPS, white blood cell count, specific and nonspecific parameters over control group. 61 kDa protein gave significantly high NBT activity, lysozyme activity and specific antibodies for E. tarda. 47 kDa protein hadsignificantly high phagocytic index and myeloperoxidase activity. The phagocytic capacity was significantly high at 3rd week of 47 kDaprotein. 61 kDaand 47kDa proteins had RPS of 59% and 52% respectively after challenge studies. Non specific immune parameters were more active at the first four weeks of immunization and specific antibodies for E. tarda were significantly higher since second week and peaked at 4th week in this study. Therefore 61 kDa could be considered as best vaccine candidateover 47 kDa for E. tarda infection in rohu fish.

Several common approaches are used for disinfection of water in this section, but using the approaches (e.g. chlorination) are accompanied with hazardous by-products and also lead to notable changes in odor and flavor of water. Gamma irradiation as an emerging method has been encouraged currently by FAO/WHO for water, wastewater and food treatment. Coliform bacteria belong to common contaminants of water and being used as an indicator of efficacy of water safety measures, including gamma irradiation. Current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of gamma irradiation to eradication of microbial contaminants from food industry water resources. Water samples were collected from food industries located around Tehran, capital of Iran. Samples from three major resources of food industry water system; Well, Tank and Recycled water were collected and one part of the samples irradiated with 137Cs gamma radiator. Treated and untreated samples were tested by standard Multiple-tubes fermentation technique for detection of coliform bacteria and MPN indexes were calculated. Gamma irradiation had killing effect on coliforms and leads to noticeable reduction in MPN indexes of treated water samples compared to untreated ones. With few modifications in radiation dose, it is expected to implant portable gamma radiators to treatment of water in food industry section.

In this study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs were treated with effective doses of Daenensis thyme, Thymus daenensis (20, 10 and 5 mgL-1) and Mentha, Mentha longifolia (10, 5 and 2.5 mgL-1), during incubation period (20 days) until hatching for 30 minutes per every other day as constant flow bath treatment method. The mortality level in normal control (without any treatment) was significantly higher than other groups (p0.05). The highest hatching rate (78.36±0.340%)was recorded in Daenensis thyme at 20 mgL-1concentrations compared to other groups except Malachite green (p