نشریه طلوع بهداشت
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 70، مهر و آبان 1397)

Chronic diseases are the major cause of death and disability in the world. Despite the high prevalence and complications of chronic diseases, many of these diseases are preventable with simple ways. Health promoting behaviors is one of the best ways that people can protect their health. Since women are the main models of education and promotion of healthy lifestyle to the next generation the aim of this study was to investigate the health promoting behaviors of women of reproductive age in the city of Yazd. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 120 women aged 49-15 covered by Shahid Farshad health center in Yazd. Health-promoting behaviors questionnaire (HPLP-II) were used to collect information. The data tool was completed with self-report methods. Data were analyzed with spss16 software. The mean age of the women was 33.67± 7.43. The highest mean subscales was 26.60± 5.06 for spiritual growth and the lowest was 13.6± 3.6 for physical activity and 18.69± 3.7 for Stress Management. Significant relationship was observed between education with health promotion behaviors (P = 0.02) and responsibility for health subscales (P = 0.03). Also the direct and significant correlation was between interpersonal relationships with education level (P = 0.02) and the nutrition sub-scale with income level (P = 0.04). In the present study, despite the desirability of promoting women's health behaviors, health-promoting behaviors need to be upgraded, especially in the field of physical activity and stress management. As a result, the design of appropriate interventions to encourage health promotion behaviors is necessary.

According to the Public Beliefs and Chamomile combinations based on its relief effect, this trial is done to compare the effects of chamomile tea and black tea on depression and oxidative stress in depressed patients with diabetes. This is a randomized clinical trial that was done with participation of 74 depressed patients with diabetes. Participants were randomly divided to two groups of chamomile tea (CG) and black tea (BG) (n=37), that received 3 daily cups of chamomile tea and black tea bags respectively, at least half an hour after meals. Beck Depression Inventory was completed to assess depression at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks. TAC and MDA tests were done at the beginning and end of the study. At the end of study, 64 patients completed the study. After the study, mean scores of beck decreased significantly between the two groups. Beck scores showed significant differences in both CG (P < 0.001) and BG (P = 0.04) after the intervention, but the mean changes in scores were Obtained significantly in CG more than BG. Mean TAC was significantly decreased in both CG and BG, the mean changes showed no significant differences between the two groups. This study showed that consumption of chamomile tea compared with black tea relatively decreased depression, but had no significant effects on oxidative stress.

Cancer is one of the non-communicable diseases and a major cause of mortality in recent decades. Studies have shown that there is a relationship between lifestyle and cancer, so it is necessary that Life style identified and corrected to prevent cancer. This study was conducted to determine the lifestyle of people in relation to the prevention of cancer in Yazd in 2014 A descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 500 people in Yazd through cluster sampling method. Data were collected by questionnaire in 7 dimensions and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-16. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and T-test and ANOVA tests. According to the results, the mean of observed range for all aspects of lifestyle, except in exercise and physical activity, were higher than the mean of possible range. The findings show that married people had the better behaviors in nutrition habits and Single people had higher scores in physical activity and exercise dimension. People with a BMI of less than 20 (Underweight people) had lower average score than others in terms of mental health, physical health and exercise and physical activity. Also, people had higher scores in physical activity and exercise dimension with higher level of education. Also, students have significantly higher scores in physical activity and exercise dimension and unemployed people received the lowest score in this dimension. People who were homeowner had higher scores in mental health, physical health. Overall, lifestyle in the prevention of cancer in various dimensions was relatively favorable. Also, planning to increase public awareness about risk factors of cancer and support of healthy lifestyle by focusing on a diet high in vegetables, fruit, fiber, dairy products, antioxidant, small amounts of meat and appropriate physical activity should be used as part of primary prevention.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and one of the most important causes of death among women worldwide. Although this cancer is one of the most important women's health issues in the developing countries, it is preventable fortunately and Pap smear test is an effective screening method for its prevention and early diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the predictors of Pap smear test among women in Shahr-e-kord based on protection motivation theory. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 290 eligible women of Shahr-e-kord city in 2016. The study tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the protection motivation theory, which was completed by participants as self-report. To analyze the data, t-test, logistic regression, and ANOVA were used. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean scores of perceived severity (p=0.004), perceived self-efficacy (P=0.000), perceived response efficacy (P=0.008), and protection motivation (P=0.01) based on the behavior. Moreover, the perceived severity (OR=1.12) and perceived rewards (OR=0.90) were the statistically significant predictors of Pap smear test among women in Shahre-e-kord city. The study results confirmed the predictive role of protection motivation theory in the protective behavior of cervical cancer (Pap smear).

Gastroenteritis Shigellosis is caused by Shigella serovars. The purpose this study was to determine the frequency of Shigella species in acute diarrhea caused by consumption of contaminated food in Yazd province. We also invetigated the determining factors of Shigella for antibiotic resistance. This descriptive study was conducted on 51 outbreaks of food-borne diarrhea from spring 2015 to winter 2016. A totla of 190 samples of diarrhea stool swabs were studied, which were sent from Yazd province. All samples were studied for the existence of Shigella bacteria, microbial culture, sero-grouping, and antibiogram . Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The highest incidence of the disease was in the spring with 19 cases (37.2%). Among the cities of the province, Yazd and Ashkezar had the highest incidence rates with 30 (58.8%) and 10 outbreaks (19.69%), respectively. Of the seven cases of Shigella isolates, the dominant age group was under-15 years and the dominant gender was male. The most clinical symptoms were nausea, non-bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, vomiting, headache, and bloody-diarrhea. All isolates of Shigella showed 100percent sensitivty to antibiotics ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. However, the isolates were were resistant to Co- trimoxazole (85.7%). To confirm Shigella, we used the API-20E kit. Awareness about the type of bacteria that cause diarrhea is important in foodborne diseases, while knowing about its drug resistance pattern is important in reducing the outbreaks' prevalence and treatment costs. Therefore, necessary measures shoud be adopted to control and prevent from the disease.

Breast cancer is one of the common diseases among women with various factors involved in its development. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the survival of women with breast cancer in Yazd using Cox's model as Bayesian and Classic. A population-based study of 538 breast cancer women registered in the clinical database of the Ramezanzade Radiotherapy Center from the April 2005 until March 2012. Comprehensive data on prognostic factors, comorbidity and treatment together with complete follow-up for survival were used to evaluate improvements in mortality. Data was analyzed by R 3.4.2. 0.05 was considered as the significance level. Findings: The mean age of breast cancer diagnosis was 48.03±11016 years. The 1, 5 and 8-year cumulative survivals for breast cancer patients were 0.976 ,0.898, 0.823 and 0.737 respectively. Bayesian Cox regression showed thatSurgery (HR=1.631 95%PI; 1.102-2.422) ki67 (HR = 3.260. 95%PI; 1.6308-6.372) stage (HR=5.620, 95%PI; 4.079-7.731) lymph node (HR= 1.765, 95%PI; 1.127-2.790) and ER(HR = 2. 600 95%PI; 2.023-3.354) were significantly related to survival. Discussio: Due to a very low error (<0/0001) and a shorter confidence interval for the risk ratio, the Cox Bayesian model of optimal model was selected and according to the variables of the stage of disease and lymph node involvement and the type of surgery and the markers Ki67 and ER on the risk Death has a positive impact. The use of the Bayesian method in survival analysis gives greater credibility to previous results.

One of important factors in developing postpartum depression is social support This is known that those mothers who have premature or sick babies need to earn more social support to reduce their extra anxiety during postpartum period in comparison with other members of the society. So in this study we decided to evaluate the relation between postpartum depression and the level of social support in mothers who have premature newborn infants. The current research is a descriptive-correlative study which held on 100 mums of discharged premature neonates from Shahid Sadoughi NICU in 2016. The sampling method is available case selection. A checklist reviewing social support items and postpartum depression was given to the mothers. All collected data were entered to the statistic software SPSS v.17 in order to processing by the means of analytic and descriptive statistical indices with considering p-value<0.05 as the level of significant association. The final results revealed that there were some significant association (p-value<0.05): between the number of mother’s child and her social support in 3 categories(Parents, spouse parents and all), between her husband’s job and social support in 2 categories(Wife and all) and between family economical condition and social support in 3 previously mentioned categories(Wife, relatives and all). The results of this study revealed that there is a significant association between postpartum depression and the job of mother’s husband, the educational status of mother’s husband and the economical level of mother’s family. It can be concluded that the more available social support the less incidence of postpartum depression.

Today, contamination of surface and underground water sources with textile dyes is one of the most serious environmental problems facing humans. Nanocomposites are a new generation of superabsorbents that have been proposed by many researchers as a promising strategy to reduce water pollution. In this study, a ceramic carbon nanocomposite containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for removal of anionic acid red 37 from aqueous. This experimental study was carried out at the laboratory level. The statistical population included synthetic aqueous solutions of acidic red dye 37 containing different amounts of synthesized nanocomposite. In absorption experiments, the effect of different factors such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of the dye, and the amount of ceramic carbon nanocomposite on the color absorption from solution was investigated. The adsorption conditions were optimized by response surface method. In addition, we investigated the dye absorption on ceramic carbon adsorbent based on Langmuir and Freundlich models. The optimal conditions were obtained at pH =4.2, contact time = 90 min, initial concentration of 24 mg / L, and 1.6g of ceramic carbon nanocomposite. In this condition, the maximum absorption efficiency of 97 percent was obtained. The maximum absorption capacity of the proposed nanocomposite was determined as 45.6 mg / g, which is comparable to similar carbon absorptions. Based on the results, we found that the best model for justifying the dye absorption behavior on composite is the Freundlich model and the pseudo-second order equation can be used to study the kinetic behavior of AR37 absorption.