نشریه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1392)

Most of attacks and bombarding which happened during recent six decades in world have concentrated on the assets of enemy and always attempted to weaken the ability and service centers such as power plants, dams, water storage, water treatment plants, gas production facilities, command and -making centers to overcome the enemy. So countries in line with their defensive measures try to maximize protection. The main aim of this research is determine the importance of public facilities in risk management. The methodology of the research is based on and descriptive- analytical approaches. To obtain the requested data an interview was organized with 50 urban experts to show firstly the centers with especial importance of Mashhad in three categories of vital, sensitive and important. Secondly to determine the risk value of each center regarding to their importance in the case of any attack using Analytical Network Process (ANP). Also Super Decisions software was applied to analysis the given data. The results revealed that only one center placed in the category of vital in the city with score of 1 regarding to the security. There were 22 centers with sensitive value which the holy shrine of Imam Rezaand Toos power plant with scores of 0.92 and 0.89 respectively. Finally there were 20 locations as important centers with respect to the factor of security such as Gas facilities, cereals silos and Kardh Dam with the scores of 0.89, 0.80 and 0.78 respectively.

After World War II, New towns were a model for getting rid of the economic, social, and environmental problems of big cities. This model distributed the population and employment opportunities in all spatial environments and, hence, the idea of establishing new towns for regional development has boosted in many parts of the world. The idea of ​​building new towns in Iran was first came into being as the result of economic and social development in 1961. In 1989, ​​building of new towns was approved by the parliament. Now, after two decades of building new towns in Iran, and spending a lot of money in this regard, studies are needed to be conducted in order to evaluate to what extent the objectives of building new towns have been materialized. Therefore aim of this study is to evaluate the extent that the goals of new towns have been materialized. In so doing, the rate of actualization of the goals of building Sadra new town was investigated considering two criteria: sense of place, and accessibility and service. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive –analytical approaches. The number of samples assigned using Morgan Table. The statistical population was people living in Sadra new town among them 400 individuals were selected as the statistical sample. Questionnaires were distributed to all participations and after collecting the data, SPSS was used to examine the hypotheses of this study applying descriptive statistics, and one sample T test for comparing means. The results indicated that: 1) Sadra new town was not successful in providing sense of place. 2) Sadra new town was not successful in providing suitable services and facilities for residents

Sustainable development is one of the most comprehensive concepts in recent decades. This world’s broad concept means good governance and efficient exploitation of resources like financial and human resources for achieving to the desired consumption pattern that by applying technical facilities and suitable structures and formations the needs of current and future generations will be met satisfactory. Sustainable development regards the needs of both current and future generations. The purpose of this research is Prioritization of indicators of sustainable urban development with a group Analytic hierarchy process in Isfahan. The Statistical population of this research is 18 people of Experts in Isfahan Municipality, the city council and Governorate. Their comments are gathered by using paired comparisons. The obtained data were analyzed by using Expert Choice. According to the earned results, economic sustainable development (B) with weight of 0.413 has had the greatest impact on Isfahan sustainable development, social sustainable development (A) with weight of 0.327 and Environmental sustainable development (C) with weight of 0.260, had the highest weights, respectively.

Nowadays, the participation of all citizens in urban activities guaranties the development and utilization of urban services. Public participation leads to legitimacy, acceptability and satisfaction for urban management. Increasing the techniques of attracting public for participation in managing the urban affairs is mentioned in Iran in a few years ago and good works have been done, although these activities fail to increase the public participation in urban affairs. The present studies, first identifies the people roles in public participation in urban affairs, and then prioritizes these roles based on the order of public participation. The purpose of this paper is to find people roles and participation rate in urban affairs. The 10th district of Mashhad municipal was chosen as a sample of this research. The statistical community involving 380 people was estimated through Cochran estimation method. The questionnaires were completed through random selection method. In order to analyze the collected data and draw the charts and diagrams, the EXCEL and PASAW software was used. Based on the analysis through analytical-descriptive method, the findings show that: the role of people in urban affairs management in Mental and spiritual participation with 42%, political participation with 34%, physical participation with 27%, financial participation with 23% and tool participation with 3% were located respectively in grades one to five. The participation rate which was the result of incorporating the participation rate into fivefold role, with 26% was very low.

Social capital is one of the most important concepts that have a huge impact on all the social, economic and political aspects of communities. Therefore, it has attracted many scholars in different fields during the past few decades. Considering the impact of social capital on the individual sense of security can be one of the key factors in promoting the general sense of security among the human population. Therefore, this research attempts to analyze the relationship between social capital and the sense of security in the framework of existing viewpoints. The research method is descriptive-analytical; the required information and data were collected from library resources, and also through surveying 400 random samples in 2 cities and 10 villages in Koohdasht County. To measure the social capital, variables such as public trust, official trust, public participation and official participation were used and to measure the sense of security, variables like general sense of security, satisfaction with security authorities and fear of urban and rural spaces were considered. The results of the analysis indicate that there is a significant correlation between the variables of public trust, official trust and public participation and the sense of security, but there is no such significant correlation in terms of official participation. Also, the results show that there is a significant correlation between demographic characteristics (gender, age and education), the social capital and the sense of security.

Nowadays, to reinforce their socio-economic infrastructure, to set themselves free from dependence on other nations, to overcome regional imbalances and finally, to move towards sustainable regional development, countries need to first recognize their resources and facilities, and then take initiatives to change their distribution to maximize efficiency. Given that this is a multi-faceted and complex endeavor, it is crucial to first have some idea of the level of development prior to setting up and implementing due developmental policies. The chief objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the level of development of the cities in Khuzestan province. Adopting both a theoretical and applied orientation, this study combined descriptive and analytic research methods. To this end, for each city, the statistical data needed for selected variables of the study were accessed using published library sources. TOPSIS model was used for data analysis in GIS & Excel packages. Major findings of the study include, first, cities in Khuzestan province enjoy differing degrees of development and of access to resources. Secondly, based on TOPSIS model applied to selected variables the following indexes were obtained for four sets of cities, namely; developed, semi-developed, semi-deprived, and under-developed cities: Ahvaz as the most developed city with an index of .926 in TOPSIS Model comprised the first category of cities. Semi-developed cities included Eizeh, Bandar Mahshar, Shoosh, Shooshtar, Andimeshk, Abadan, Shadegan, Dezfoul and Behbahan with an index of .176 in Topsis Model. The third category of cities, which include Dashte Azadegan, Baghmalek, Ramhormoz, Khoramshar, MasjedSoleyman and Omidieh, had an index of .092 in Topsis Model. Finally, the following cities went into the deprived category of cities with an index of .032 in TOPSIS Model: Lali, Gotvand, Andika, Hovizeh, Hendijan, Ramshir and Haftgel.

The rapid growth of cities which accompanied with intensive use of automobiles led to various problems such as environmental pollution, traffic congestion, over consumption of energy and increase of accidents. To reduce such problems, public system is established as efficient mode of circulation in the city of Gorgan. This paper aims to investigate the level of satisfaction of public transportation among the people of Gorgan in zone 2. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive- analytical approaches. The statistical society of the research included the residents of zone 2 who used public transportation. The samples were selected using Cochran model which 250 people responded the questionnaires. SPSS was applied to process the data and the relevant statistical tests were used to analysis the data and information. The results revealed that the resident had higher satisfaction with bus system with mean of 2.89 compared to taxi with 2.78. The reason behind such contentment is to the higher safety and lower cost of bus system. However it should be reminded that the level of satisfaction is almost equal among the citizen of zone 2 regarding to both mean of transportation.