فصلنامه مطالعات امنیت اجتماعی
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 53، بهار 1397)

The present article was extracted from a phD thesis titled «investigating factors affecting social anomie among urban families and its consequences (case study: city of Tehran)». In metropolises such as Tehran, the presence of various urban groups originating from different ethnicities has resulted in cultural conflict in a variety of social institutions. Cultural conflicts and dissociations are more apparent in such institutions as the family. Accordingly, due to cultutal incompatibility and lack of a normative consensus, families belonging to the same economic class or members of a single family often choose different and sometimes illegitimate tools to pursue a certain goal. This situation is most significantly manifested by the prevalence of deprivation, pessimism, distrust, and discontent, all of which are major components of anomie. This study was mainly focused on investigating factors contributing to anomie among urban families and its consequences for the urban fabric and family in Tehran. The findings would be of great help in addressing different socio-cultural issues of this metropolis, which was selected as the case study. The results showed that lack of a normative consensus within families and cultural conflicts and clashes common in multi-ethnic societies are the main causes of anomie among families.

One of the challenges that has threatens the social system of 21 century, is the problem of social exclusion of ethnic minorities and is impact on social security of people in community. Since the social exclusion of ethnic minority of gypsies in sabzevar leads to conflict and violence between minority and majority and it prevents interaction between them, studying the effect of this problem on the social security of citizens is important. Therefore, this study has aimed to investigate the impact of social exclusion of ethnic minorities the social security in the city of sabzevar. The statistical population of this research was the residents of Sabzevar city. 240 people were selected using Cochran›s formula by multistage cluster sampling and were surveyed for two consecutive years 1395-1394.. Data was collected by researcher-made questionare which its content validity was confirmed by social science experts and its reliability The variables of social capital (73%), social exclusion (77%), social distance (82%) and social security (86%) were calculated and confirmed by Cronbach alpha, and analyzed using spss analysis software .In analyzing the data, the pearson correlation test, regression and route analysis were used. The result has shown that there is a relation between the social exclusion of ethnic minority of gypsies with the social security of citizens of sabzevar and this relation has shown that whatever people or particular social groups be rejected and placed in isolation, the more social security of population and citizens would be endangered and continuation of social life for citizens would face with problems and social damages would be caused by this

In recent years, Lorestan province has witnessed rapid social-cultural changes due to newly introduced interventions, followed by social issues and social damage. To the extent that the issue of social security has been placed on the priority issues of the province. This article seeks to present the effects of socio-cultural changes brought about by modernization on crime and social insecurity. In this regard, using the combined (quantitative and qualitative) approach, the structural equation modeling approach in crime explanation as well as the method analysis approach to present a crime pattern in Lorestan have been used. The results of the data analysis using the structural equation modeling technique showed that the research model is fitted with data with acceptable accuracy And the variables of urbanization, unemployment, poverty, literacy and migration have the most direct and indirect impact on the rate of crime and insecurity. According to the information obtained, the field of provocation, temptation, and tendency to commit crimes in the community is very high, and on the other hand, factors that can lead to self-control and increase the threshold of tolerance and resilience of individuals to crime and offense are very weak. The argument of this article is that the prolongation and somehow stopping the process of transition from traditional society to modern society is the most important factor of social anomy in Lorestan province, and it is necessary to adopt instigating measures in accordance with the local context in order to re-establish the institution.

Virtual social networks are the space for the gathering of billions of Internet users who call and exchange information regardless of frontiers, languages, sex, culture, etc. Each of them has a particular understanding of social networks that are unique to their own. But this understanding and their experiences are grounded in an interpersonal space. The present study used interpretivism paradigm and grounded theory to examine the meanings, perceptions, understanding and experience of Yazd youth in social networks. The target population was university professors, media experts, counseling specialists and youth in Yazd, a sample of them selected based on purposeful and theoretical sampling. The data were collected with non-structured interviews and participatory observation and field notes technique from 32 participants. The research findings included a final core category (Reflexive duality), 11 main categories, 37 sub categories and 94 concepts. The results of the research indicate that the security, trust and yazdian culture are problematic in cyberspace. Thus, research participants reflexively think about cyberspace continuously and with this reason they confront reflexive duality that simultaneously make their existence or absence meaningful.

Sports tourism is an industry beyond the socio-economic phenomenon on a global level has become. The white industry more than ever its place as a multidimensional phenomenon in human societies has opened. Iran Chabahar city, like many other cities in a natural area, pristine, beach And a special sports Tourist Attractions, According athletes and tourists can be located as a destination for leisure and relaxation motivated to be selected And in a certain time period, a large number of tourists interesting. But what is important is the security in this city. In fact, the criterion of security in tourism, a sense of security by tourists. The aim of this study was to verify the satisfaction level of security, coastal city of Chabahar has been sport tourists. Tourism to the satisfaction of regional security, the security component dimensions (physical, socio-political, economic, behavioral) is. Finally, we used a variety of security is crucial if the item Likert scale and using purposive sampling among tourists, A total of 100 subjects were selected community sample. The method of analyzing the data, SPSS software and is used VIKOR. The results showed that in all the projects presented, the average earned less than the median number is 3, meaning the safety of tourists in the destination location is low. The results obtained using the model shown Vaykvr, the highest number belong to Q-sand beach area with weights 464/0, 436/0 weight and rocky, and sandy, weighing 096/0, the Bashd.

the nature performance and tumbled relations of social system will lead to social inequalities and the formation of voids and various weaknesses , as well as the emergence of devastating poverty in the society and naturally its dominance on the family which ultimately under especial circumstances laads to formation and expansion of the street children .The easy access opponent factions to these children and theirsupport through the gaps and weaknesses in the society will somehow influence the social system and outcoms in a dialectic process ,reproduces these children ,, street children,,. that lack of attention to such issues puts huge costs and buvden and the soulders of society. In this research using the survey method and statikies sampl size , according to snowball sampling method volume of sampls,on the basis of approximate access was 318 street children.the data were collected through survey method , observation, interview and appling questionnaire . The result show that there is a significant relationsh between the economic, cultural, political, demographic, geographic and elements and characteristics as well as international conditions in Tehran and the emergence, development, continuation, outcomes, and also the control and preventing the appearance of street children as a phenomenon

Social safeness is an important characteristic to equip people for dealing with life challenges and improving well-being. Thus, preparing a valid measure for evaluating this construct reveals its importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian version of Social Safeness and Pleasure Scale (SSPS).To achieve this, translation- back translation and pilot study were done to prepare the Persian version of SSPS. Two random independent samples (n1=391, n2=36) of high school students in Tehran were examined. Participants rated SSPS, Subjective Academic Well-being, and Self-Compassion scales. Internal consistency by the first sample and test-retest reliability based on the second sample was verified. To examine the validity of the scale, criterion validity and construct validity (via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) were applied. Cronbach’s alpha (0.91) indicated desirable internal consistency. Test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.75. Positive correlation between SSPS and Academic well-being scale and negative correlation between SSPS and non-adaptive dimension of Self-compassion displayed concurrent criterion validity. Results of exploratory factor analysis of SSPS’s items extracted 1factor, and confirmatory factor analysis supported this structure. Findings of present study as an initial step revealed that SSPS has appropriate psychological properties in Iranian sample of adolescent students.

Crime is the product of interaction between the individual and the environment, because the environment has always affected on human behavior. In this regard, the main purpose of the present research is to analyze the relationship between physical factors and the occurrence of crime using space syntax theory. The present study is "applied" in terms of purpose, and is "descriptive-analytic" and "inferential" research in terms of the nature, That Using the axial map and depth map software and the space syntax technique, as well as (Gate) observation technique, Has analyzed the structure of the neighborhood of Sagharisazan in Rasht city to analyze the impact of spatial configuration and physical factors on the occurrence of crimes. The findings of this study indicate that the factor of accessibility and synergy in the study area is poorly estimated, based on the Integration factor with coefficient of correlation of 0.34. Based on the factor of choice with coefficient of correlation of 0.07, the factor of space availability is low quality. Also, due to the connectivity factor with coefficient of correlation of 0.12, the factors of Intelligibility , legibility and orientation are also poorly estimated. Contrary to the above factors, the total depth factor has a coefficient of correlation of 0.92 that indicates the accessibility of the region. In a general conclusion, it can be stated that this region is vulnerable to crime in view of the weakness of the above-mentioned physical factors in the neighborhood of sagharisazan in Rasht city .