مجله پرستار و پزشک در رزم
سال ششم شماره 21 (زمستان 1397)

homocysteine and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) are two novel cardiovascular risk factors that induce atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction through inflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this study was to comparison of levels of these variables among athlete and nonathlete veterans. in this cross-sectional study two groups of athletes (N=8) and nonathlete (N=8) veterans were compared. Fasting levels of homocysteine and CRP determined using Elisa and immunoturbidimetric methods respectively. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-smirnov (for normality of data) and independent T-test (for comparison of groups) methods. analysis of data showed that levels of homocysteine and CRP were lower in the athlete’s group and this difference were significant for homocysteine (P≤0.05) and non-significant for CRP (P>0.05) levels, although difference of CRP between groups was almost significant (P=0.07). considering low levels of homocysteine and CRP lowers risk of atherosclerosis, thus it is advised to male veterans to have regular physical activity for reduction of cardiovascular events.

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the most common problems in diabetic patients, hospitalized in infectious ward. Given various side effects of many antibiotics, the precise determination of the type of antibiotic used with the least side effects has great clinical importance. In this regard, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of injectable levofloxacin with that of injectable ciprofloxacin and clindamycin in the treatment of leg ulcer infection in diabetic patients, hospitalized in the infectious ward. This research was conducted on 46 patients with grade 2 diabetic leg ulcer in two groups of 23 patients, including a group treated with injectable levofloxacin (mono-therapy) and a group treated with combination of injectable ciprofloxacin and clindamycin (combined therapy). Blood and tissue samples were collected for serological and microbiological studies. Then, important treatment parameters, including reduction in oxidative secretion, pathogenic activity of the ulcer, reduction in the number of inflammatory cells duration of treatment, and cost of treatment and other cases were studied in two groups. All isolated bacteria were Gram positive and Staphylococcus species had the highest frequency. The level of reduction in oxidative secretion, the pathogenic activity of diabetic leg ulcer, and the reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in the ulcer in the mono-therapy group increased more than that in combined therapy. The rate of increase in tissue debridement and shrinkage of ulcer surface of diabetic patients were also higher in the mono-therapy group.
The rate of recovery in the ulcer of the diabetic patients was similar in both groups. The duration of antibiotic therapy in the mono-therapy group was reduced by 22.8% in mono-therapy group in comparison to that in the combined treatment group, which this difference was clinically highly significant. In clinical evaluations, the success and cost of treatment in the group treated with levofloxacin as mono-therapy were better than those in the group treated with combinition of ciprofloxacin and clindamycin.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between BMI and Temperament and physical fitness factors between Students the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. For this purpose, 100 students selected from athletic students of Imam Ali University and Shahid Sattari Air Force who participated voluntarily in the study were selected based by temperament questionnaire on the type of Temperament was divided into two groups: cold and hot. Then, all subjects were taken in three sessions in three days, one Week interval between each session, Rast test, Sit and reach Hugo corrected test, 36m speed test, Sargent jump test, Illinois Test and Cooper test. In order to determine the mean and standard deviation of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient were used in inferential statistics. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. he result showed that between BMI and Speed in the Emam Ali university (p=0/014), between BMI and Explosive power in the Shahid Sattari university (p=0/026), between BMI and Anearobic power in hot group (p=0/019),  between BMI and Anearobic power in the Emam Ali university (p=0/013),  between BMI and Agility in the Emam Ali university (p=0/013),  between BMI and Flexibility in cold group (p=0/020),  between BMI and Flexibility in the Shahid Sattari university (p=0/016) There is a significant relationship. According to the results, it can be concluded that the Temperament of an individual can affect physical fitness factors as an external factor.

It is necessary to pay attention to the psychological perceptions of devotees in the family environment exposed to the mental illness associated with the war and its effects. The present research performed on the attitudes to life in the thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness in veterans. The method of this research is correlational. The statistical population includes 120 amputated vaterans in the city of Ardakan in 2017. The sample was selected through a department of the martyr Ardakan municipality in presence of defender and the research questionnaires were provided with a given time period to answer. Interpersonal need Questionnaires (INQ) and attitude towards life were completed by devotees. The data was analyzed by SPSS-22 software. The results show that all dimensions of attitude towards life, except accepting of death has a significant relationship with the feeling of being overwhelmed by veterans, Also, all dimensions of attitude towards life, except responsibility, have a significant relationship with the neutral attachment of devotees. The results of stepwise regression show that predictive variables, only existential vacuum, purposefulness and meaning search can predict 18% of the variance associated with the feeling of overhead and 16% of the variance of neutral attachment. Understanding spiritual experience and attitudes toward veterans' lives can be used to develop comprehensive interventions by psychologists and counselors to improve their quality and satisfaction with their lives.

This study was conducted to compare the effect of Pivotal Response treatment and sensory integration treatment in reducing the symptoms of male autistic children, including abnormal quality of social interactions, abnormal quality of communication and self-stimulatory behaviors. The clinical trial study was done on 36 boys with autism between 8-12 years’ old in pediatric rehabilitation clinic in Tehran, Iran. Patients randomly divided into three groups: control and pivotal response treatment (PRT) and sensory integration (SI). The interventional groups were received 20 sessions of PRT and SI during the two months, but the control group did not receive any intervention. All patients were examined in the field of social communicative, interactive disorder and self-stimulatory behavior, using autism diagnostic interview revised. Data were analyzed by using SPSS-16 and MANCOVA test. The results showed that there is a difference between the means of the control group and the means of the experimental groups in the components of abnormal quality of social interactions, abnormal quality of communication and self-stimulatory behaviors are different. Also, there was a significant difference between the PRT and SI groups affected by the treatment program and the control group who received treatment, and according to (F (6, 26) =17/98, P = 0.000, Eta = 0.597). Regarding to moderate averages, this difference has advantages for trained groups. The results of this study showed that both methods were more effective than non-treatment. There was a significant difference between the mean of Pivotal Response training group and sensory integration treatment regarding to the abnormal quality of social interactions and abnormal quality of communication which was in the benefit of Pivotal Response group. And regarding to the effectiveness of self-stimulatory behaviors, no significant difference found out and both treatments were effective compared to the control group.

Blood pressure and body mass index are a problem and a destructive phenomenon that endangers the health of children. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index in primary school students in north-west of Tehran. A quantitative study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study included all male and female students entering the primary school in the north west of Tehran during the academic year of 2011-2012. A sample of 400 people was selected using simple random sampling (184 girls and 216 boys). The questionnaire was distributed among the samples. Content validity of the questionnaire and its reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The data were collected in SPSS22 software and analyzed by related tests. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the amount of blood pressure and BMI in primary school students in north west of Tehran (p <0.001). Therefore, by controlling the level of blood pressure, obesity was reduced in elementary school students in the northwestern region of Tehran so that children with higher health could continue to live and study.

increasing rate of deaths and losses caused by driving violations has drawn attention of researchers. In this regard, this study was conducted to compare offenderdrivers with non-offender drivers in Tehran considering their emotion regulation, stress, aggression and coping strategies. this was a causal-comparative study; statistical population consisted of all drivers in driving restrict 3 of Tehran during 2017 and statistical sample consisted of 100 aggressive drivers that were selected using convenient sampling method. The selected members were similar to 100 non-aggressive drivers in terms of age, education, and job status. Both groups filled out Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies questionnaire (1988), Garnefski’sEmotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992), and Cohen et al Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) (1983). The obtained data were analyzed using MANCOVA and Kolmogorov-Smirnovtests through SPSS20 Software. The results of study showed a significant difference between aggressive and non- aggressive drivers considering variables of emotion regulation, stress, aggression, and coping strategies (P<0.01). variables stress, aggression, avoidance and avoidance among coping strategies components, rumination and catastrophizing among components of emotion regulation were more among aggressive drivers compared to non- aggressive drivers.

The mechanism to reimburse the cost of treatment is one of the important factors that directly and indirectly in financial management and cost control, the hospital is impressive. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship run the system of payments, DRG and reduce the cost of treatment in military hospitals in Tehran city is done. A descriptive - analytical Study was conducted at Tehran Military Hospitals in 2018. In this study, first, the actual cost of services and the length of residence of the records were extracted from the hospital information system, then the average cost and residence of the patient for each
surgical procedure were determined and compared with the cost and average of the patient's residence determined in the global system of Iran. Finally, Significance difference between mean cost and average patient's residence was evaluated using t-test in version 16 of SPSS software. About a quarter of the records of patients admitted to the study, the records of global. In the hospitals 64% cases Global, Group actions, etc 16% cases in the group of surgical procedures, and 20% of the cases in Group surgery eye. In 95% records, including the cost of surgery with Global to
benefit the hospital, that 97% of this difference is the cost, were significantly meaningful. According to reduce the duration of stay of patients in Surgery Global, reload in current repayment system and implement a system of repayment prospective for other diagnosis, and surgery is recommended.

Free radicals in food sources and living environments, and the spread of drug-resistant pathogenic strains, are new problems of the health area. The side effects of chemical drugs have led the researchers to use natural products. In this study, the antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of frankincense have been investigated. Extract of frankincense was collected from 1:1 ethanol-water solution. Its inhibitory effects on Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans fungi were evaluated using disk diffusion broth microdilution methods. The antioxidant properties of this extract were also determined by scavenging DPPH free radicals. No inhibitory activity was observed with the extract of frankincense on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. This extract was effective against Staphylococcus aureus with diameter of the zone of inhibition = 9.83 mm, MIC = 512 μg/ml and MBC = 1024 μg/ml. IC50 was also recorded at 22.93 μg/ml. Extract of Frankincense by inhibiting S. aureus, it can be a good alternative to commonly used drugs that the strains of this bacterium have been resistant to. The acceptable antioxidant effects of the frankincense extract can be introduced it as an inhibitor of diabetes and cancer.

In today's world with a vast amount of information and knowledge, medical students should learn how to become effective physicians. Therefore, the competencies required for lifelong learning in the curriculum must be considered. The purpose of this study was to present a desirable general medical curriculum with emphasis on lifelong learning. The present study was Mixed method (qualitative, quantitative). Characteristics of elements of general medical course curriculum with a lifelong learning approach was determined by using semi-structured interview data analysis with experts and scholars and a systematic review of scientific resources. Based on the findings, the conceptual model of the general medical program was designed with a lifelong learning approach inspired by the Akker pattern. The designed model was validated by expert opinion through a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The designed pattern has a integrated approach to all competencies of the lifelong learning practitioner in the general medical curriculum. In pattern design, the principles of model, general principles, pattern objectives, pattern philosophy, general medical courses and curriculum elements are considered. The based on result of data quantitative analysis, Model was validated. Regardless to content analysis data qualitative, model was reviewed and presented ultimate of model. Officers and planners of medical schools are recommended in order to empower general medical students, they will use the model presented in the formulation and presentation of students' curriculum.