نشریه تعاون و کشاورزی
سال هشتم شماره 29 (بهار 1398)

Agricultural cooperatives need to consider sustainability factors in their supply chain operations to achieve sustainable performance in order to achieve long-term viability. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Ssustainable Supply Chain Management Dimensions including sustainable procurement, sustainable design, sustainable distribution and investment improvement on sustainability performance of cooperative agricultural companies. The statistical population of the research were agricultural cooperatives in the cities of Mazandaran province, whose information was most actively registered and active in the site. The number of these cooperatives is 132 cooperatives and the sample was selected by stratified random sampling and based on the Morgan Table, there were 100 cooperatives. A questionnaire was distributed among the heads of these cooperatives to collect the data. In order to analyze the data, Structural Equation Model and SMART- PLS software were used. Results showed that the confirmation of the impact of sustainable design, stable distribution and improve investment on economic performance, social performance and environmental performance as well as results of tests on Sustainable Procurement indicated the relationship between the Sustainable Procurement and social performance and environmental, but Its relationship with economic performance has not been verified.

The purpose of this study was to determine the competence in cooperative management and to identify and categorize the competencies of cooperative managers. In order to achieve this goal, a qualitative research approach has been used. To formulate the research framework, the first literature and the history of managerial competence development with emphasis on the competence of cooperative managers, then the framework for the implementation of the interview were formulated and interviews and content analysis, data and research data were collected. The statistical population of the research were experts in the field of cooperative management, which was selected by a targeted sampling method of 7 people with academic-managerial characteristics. The findings of the theoretical part were finalized with their co-authorship. The findings of this research showed that addressing the competencies of managers and developing competencies is one of the strategic paths of sustainable development and profitability of cooperatives. The findings also indicated that the competencies of the cooperative managers could be categorized and explained in three parts of their management, management, and business management. The results of this study indicated that competencies should be defined and explained in order to develop the competence of cooperative managers, and should be developed with methods and practices such as education, counseling, management and research.

Entrepreneurship is a multi-faceted phenomenon, which, on the one hand, is affected by all economic, social, cultural and political dimensions and, on the other hand, affects these dimensions. Therefore, the development of entrepreneurship depends on the different aspects of the angles and the various aspects that necessitate the application of the ecosystem approach. This research was essentially aimed at examining the existing and desired status of the components of the ecosystem of entrepreneurship in knowledge companies. The statistical population of the research consisted of the members of knowledge societies in Kermanshah and Hamedan provinces. Using the Pontoon chart, 335 of them were selected through a sampling procedure. The main tool of the research was questionnaire, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by sequential alpha coefficient (88% -86% = α). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results showed that the greatest gap between the existing and the optimal level of the dimensions of the business ecosystem in the knowledge-based companies, in terms of support, financially, is visible and the smallest gap in the human resources, as well as the components related to the market and financial dimensions according to the amount z have the most difference

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of business intelligence on competitive advantage with the role of mediation of entrepreneurial orientation strategy in saffron planting. This research was in terms of target type of application and in terms of collecting descriptive-survey information from field studies. The source of the research questionnaire was based on the research of Kasriou and Kouleau (2018). We examined the validity of this questionnaire. Also, to determine the reliability of this study, Alpha Cronbach's Criterion was used. In order to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, 20 questionnaires were distributed to be pre-tested. During this stage, the questions were modified in order to understand and then 89 questionnaires were distributed among the managers of saffron exporting companies and all 89 healthy questionnaires were returned and completely collected. The result of data analysis using SPSS and PPS software was that the entrepreneurial orientation strategy was a partial intermediate variable between the variables of business intelligence and gaining competitive advantage.

One of the reasons for the failure of established WUAs is the lack of attention the social context and the set of actions that must be taken before the start of the establishment of WUAs. Regarding this issue, the purpose of this study was to explain the attitude and intention of farmers to participate in the establishment of WUAs. The statistical population of this study included all farmers in the central district of Dehloran Township, which any WUAs has not been established in this region until now and a sample selected using completely random sampling method and Cochran formula among them. A researcher-made questionnaire, which its validity and reliability confirmed, used to collect data.  The data were analyzed using SPSS V20 software. The results of the study showed that there was a positive attitude among the beneficiaries of the region. The findings also showed that large farmers with integrated lands, tend to be less inclined to participate in establishing WUAs. In addition, the results showed a positive and significant relationship between attitude and willingness to participate of the beneficiaries. Finally, some suggestions provided for facilitating the decision-making process towards the establishment of sustainable and successful cooperatives in the future.

Given the many barriers to women entrepreneurship that hinder their success in economic activities, identifying them will help encourage and facilitate the success of women entrepreneurs. Therefore, in this research, the views of rural women in the central part of Kermanshah Province on the rural entrepreneurship barriers were measured. This research was a survey type and the instrument used was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSSv20 software. The obstacles were prioritized in six groups of development, personality, socioeconomic, socio-cultural, managerial, and family.

This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the role of agricultural cooperatives in reducing production costs during Tillage, planting, harvesting and transportation of potatoes in Ardabil.The statistical population of the study consisted of farmers of cooperative and non-cooperative members of potato work in Ardabil city which were selected by random sampling method, 183 farmers. The required information was collected through a survey and completed questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant difference in total of production costs between cooperatives members and non-members, so that members of the production cooperative was observed at the planting stage, which the cooperatives farmers spent 24% more than non-members. The sum of production costs in the tillage and harvesting stages was not significant. However, members of cooperatives at these stages were 3% and 2% respectively more than non-member farmers. Transportation costs were statistically significant between the two groups of farmers, so that cooperatives' farmers paid less than 22%. The Trans log cost function estimation showed that members of the production cooperatives had more costs than non-member farmers and the hypothesis of homothetic structure of potato production is unacceptable among farmers. By increasing the production level, more use made of seed input and labor, and less use of land and machinery was achieved per hectare. It is suggested that cooperatives participate in a broad and parallel way with the needs of farmers in all stages of production and marketing, and develop and expand their functional fields.