نشریه مطالعات علوم محیط زیست
سال چهارم شماره 2 (تابستان 1398)

The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination of deposited dust binding and soil surface (5-10 cm) to heavy metals cadmium, lead and zinc in the prevailing wind direction (North West - South East) Khash city's landfill. First, by observing the status of the current landfill deals and Dust samples of 10 stations in the study area was prepared in January 2013. After preparation of the samples, the concentrations of heavy metals using atomic absorption were measured. Igeo, CF and ecological risk calculated using the formula were determined. The average concentration of cadmium, lead and zinc, respectively, 3.28, 83.1, 1190.65 mg/kg and in soil surface 3.65, 140.71 and 1304.02 mg/kg respectively was achieved. The Igeo index was classified as moderate to severe pollution, pollution factor of very high degree of pollution and ecological risk was significant. The results of data analysis and estimate that 1 almost no pollution control stations and other stations strong have pollution of heavy metals zinc, lead and cadmium.

Nowadays, maintaining and developing of Green spaces in order to improve life quality and sustainability of the cities is very important. By measuring and reviewing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of trees can be identified more resistance species and used in the future plans. In this study, quantitative characteristics (tree diameter and height) and decay have been examined. The diversity and richness of tree species were calculated on the margins of Chaharbagh Abbasi, Chaharbagh Paein and Abbas Abad streets, using PAST software and Ecological-Methodology, and compared with each other. The results showed that in Charbagh Abbasi Street, Margalof and Munnikh species richeness were 0.604 and 0.182 respectively, Chaharbagh Paein Avenue, respectively, was 0.21 and 0.643 respectively, and Abbas Abad Street, respectively, was 0.624 And 0.202. Also, the Simpson and Shannon-Weiner variations for each of the three streets were equal to 0.445, 0.721, 0.4487, 0.0899, 0.894 and 0.739 respectively. In general, the results indicated that Abbas Abad's biodiversity and bioavailability are relatively more than the two other streets.

Considering the spatial patterns of ecosystem services plays an important role in evaluating them. Therefore, in this study, inorder to identify and determin the spatial patterns of ecosystem services, new methods of spatial statistics such as spatial correlation of Global Moran and Anselin Moran Index and GIS were used, after quantifying recreation, aesthetic value and noise reduction ecosystem services in the study area. The results showed that the Global Moran index is up to 0.82, 0.87 and 0.89 respectively, for recreation, aesthetic value and noise reduction ecosystem services. Thus, the examined ecosystem services have a positive correlation and cluster pattern. Considering ecosystem services quantifying results with Local Moran correlation analysis related to distribution of spatial correlation of ecosystem services shown regions with maximum suitability and value of ecosystem services supply have meaningful positive spatial correlation and follow high cluster pattern, while regions with no suitability of ecosystem services supply have negative spatial correlation and low cluster pattern.

This Study Aims to on the Relationship Between Citizen’s Satisfaction Of the Municipal’s Performance and the Urban Environment’s Sustainability Indexes in District 1 Shiraz. Metodology Of This Study is Descriptive – Survey and the Data are Collected through a questionnaire with a Sample Size of 400 People in District 1 shiraz. The SPSS Software waz Used for Analyse Data .The T-Test Results Show That the Degree of Citizen’s Satisfaction of the Municipal’s Performance is Average to Low. The linear Regression Test Results Showed ,There was a marked Difference Between the Socio- Economic(Matrimony- Income – Education) Status of the Citizen and the amount of their Satisfaction with Municipal’s Performance. The The Kruskal-Wallis Test Results Showed ,There was a significant difference Between Age and Citizen’s Satisfaction, While The Man- Witni Test Showed That There was No significant difference Between Sex and Citizen’s Satisfaction. Finally Pearson Correlation indicates Test that Showed ,There was a Storng and direct relationship between Satisfaction and the Citizen’s Participation .Important Point that Pearson Correlation indicates Test Showed ,There was a Storng and Positive relationship between Satisfaction and Protects the Environmental.

In the metropolis of Tehran,hazardous household waste is buried due to lack of proper management without taking any action on it, such as separation at the source of separate collection of recycling and recycling along with other burial waste in the processing and disposal complex Aradkou. In this research,it is tried to study the strategies, facilities and equipment used in the management of hazardous household wastes in different countries that are facing in this regard and study the current trend of solid urban waste streams in Tehran according to the governing system.On waste management in Tehran city and the location of hazardous household wastes in this regard,considering that the reduction of production and separation of waste at source would be of great help in recycling and eventually sanitizing them and preventing pollution of the environment and the loss of national capital After identifying the weaknesses and shortcomings in the c The procedures, including the vacuum, of the legal requirements,the lack of facilities and equipment for recycling and processing,as well as the executive directives on the management of hazardous household wastes, should be addressed in the formulation of strategies and strategies for the management of hazardous household wastes in Tehran

Oil spill contamination is one of the significant threats for many countries in the world and also it can cause a serious detriment. Nowadays, the various methods and algorithms have been proposed for oil spills contamination detection using SAR imagery, because synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is very important and valuable means to extract oil spills in the marine environment because of its capabilities. In this article, the texture analysis and object- based are used to extract oil spills from SAR images. In the first step of this study, the co-occurrence matrix method is employed to extract textural features of marine SAR image. This method generates eight textural features that contain contrast, dissimilarity, entropy, angular second moment, mean, variance and homogeneity. Within the second step, the results of the textural analysis are integrated and are segmented using object based technique in eCognition software so that every segment shows different information about oil spills and clean water that make it possible to discriminate them of each other. In the final step, the images are categorized and oil spills are separated with high accuracy from SAR images.

In this study, magnetic nanoparticles were used to isolate cadmium from the environment. Biodegradable adsorbent was modified with Co-Depositional Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles; and the effect of different parameters and magnetic properties and absorption was investigated. Biological absorption of cadmium was carried out using a biological absorbent of Gundelia and modified Gundelia with magnetic nanoparticles, as a function of initial concentration of the metal ion(50 ppm), pH=7, absorbent dose(25-125 mg) and time(5-240 min) in a discontinuous system. Percentage of optimal removal of cadmium on activated gundelia and modified activated gundelia was obtained 100% and 98.26% at pH=7. Initial concentration for biological absorbent of gundelia and for modified gundelia earned 40 and 60 ppm at 200 and 100 minutes, respectively. With increase in absorbent dose, it decreased from 25 to 125 mg and the highest amount of cadmium ion removal in absorbance dose was 25 mg with a value of 94.48. The size of the Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles on the adsorbent was obtained by FESEM 49.30 and 43.09 nm. Correction of biological adsorbent with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be used as a suitable method for the separation of cadmium from the environment.

Abstract Urban trees are valuable storage in the metropolitan areas. Trees are often subjected to abiotic factors agents such as fungi, bacteria, insects, etc, which lead to destroy mechanicals strength and decline mechanical properties vulnerability diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the potential degradation of Ulmus tree by wood decay fungi. Results indicated that the degradation of samples increased with increase the incubation time. Visual observations Ulmus trees of Hasht Behesht Isfahan Park was featureswas record, also wood decay fungi was collected. And after 4 and 8 weeks, Mass Loss (ML) and impact bending were measured. Also, optical microscopy analysis was performed to investigate the fungal degradation pattern. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Mass Loss (ML) , increased after 8 weeks incubation as compared to 4 weeks. Mass loss , in heartwood was less than sapwood. Also, microscopic analysis elustrated deteriration with properties of simultaneous white-rot.

Today, air pollution has become a major concern for human health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different humidity on the number size distribution of particles. Particle size was measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer. Using four different spray particles in the laboratory environment, concentration of suspended particles are measured and compared. The sprays include body spray, head hair spray, glass cleaner and respiratory spray. Body spray with 8,015 particle per cubic meter, can be the most effectiveness on human health.for head hair, glass cleaner and respiratory sprays, number concentration respectively 3,705, 1,541, and 4,135 particle per cubic meter in the low humidity environment and 2,234, 1,101 and 3,949 in high humidity environment were measured. For body spray, head hair spray, glass cleaner and respiratory spray, the most number concentration og suspended particles are in the size between 38 to 120 nm, 318 to 416 nm, 392 to 650 nm and 230 to 350 nm respectively. It was also found that larger particles would be more successful in absorbing humidity, and this absorption was apparent for particles larger than 200 nm.

Iodine is an essential micronutrient for human health, hence iodine deficiency causes various damages such as thyroid disorders. Climate and geological settings are the causes of the incidence and prevalence of the mentioned disorder. A bibliographic survey showed that no studies have been undertaken so far in this area with regard to geological setting, so in this research we focused on geological reason(s) with investigation on soil and water. In response to reports on the high incidence of iodine disorders in Dehdasht area, 16 ground water samples were taken from agricultural wells, drinking water and springs in the area to analyze anions, cations and iodine. The results showed that iodine levels were high in some water samples. To study the effect of soil on iodine, 20 soil samples were taken from various formations and pH, iodine as well as organic matter were measured. iodine can exist in several species. In different environments, the mobility of iodine depends on the type of iodine.The results showed that due to the presence of calcareous formations, high pH and calcium can lead to low mobility of iodine Also the alkaline and reduction conditions, can cause high mobility and enrichment of iodine in groundwater.

Evaluating of human comfort can be evaluated as effective tool in regional planning process due to the in this study using Bioclimatic index of Evanz, Mahani, Becker, wind Chill; the Sanandaj city was assessed for human comfort. Thus, were used the monthly average of minimum and maximum temperature, minimum and maximum relative humidity and wind speed of Sanandaj synoptic station in the 26 year period (1985-2010). Result of the review of the various shows that the Evanz index, human comfort conditions in the comfort of the hot and cold days and nights of cold conditions and the Mahani index cold conditions so warm and comfortable day and night. Investigation bioclimatic conditions through of Becker indicated that the months of June to September are in the comfort zone and the chill wind index for the month of June, September and October are the environment and pleasant climate. A general review of the indexes showed that the months of August, September, May and June are the best conditions for human comfort. Thus, the climate could be affected by development activities listed in order of priority in the months to plan and implement. Keywords

In this study, to investigate and test Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) in Iran, using the two indexes flow of foreign direct investment and economic openness has been studied in two models. In this study, the effects of foreign direct investment, GDP, energy consumption, openness of economy and urbanization percent variables on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) as an indicator of environmental quality, in the form model of an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Cointegration (ARDL) using data from the years 1971-2015 have been investigated. The distinction of this research with other studies on environmental issues using time series data in Iran, the structural break of variables is considered. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and urbanization percent and environmental pollution. Also, the environmental Kuznets hypothesis has also been confirmed. Foreign direct investment variable, despite having a positive impact on CO2 emissions is not statistically significant. Therefore, based on this variable, Pollution Haven Hypothesis is not true. But the effect of the index of openness of the economy on the on carbon dioxide emissions per capita is positive and significant and the PHH does exist in Iran.

By formulating the UN sustainable development document in 2000, countries committed to do two basic actions related to women. The first, to do the planning and formulation of policies to empower women and realize their greater participation in society fundamental surfaces and second, to create and promote mechanisms for capacity building and increasing the capacity for planning and effective management for environmental affairs. In this article, it is supposed to be examined the relationship between women and their empowerment and its role in environmentally Sustainable development. In other words, this article argues that the existence of forms of discrimination between men and women, especially social and managerial roles levels and depriving them from Different levels of education and employment have a significant role in environmental problems and will provoke them. Finally, this result was achieved that sustainable development in environmental issues and affairs would not be possible; Unless, by increasing women's capacities and awareness about environmental issues, facilitating their participation and collaboration in social roles and increasing their managerial capabilities and capacities at equal levels with men.

Nitrate is one of the major pollutants in water resources. The limitation of water resources and the increase of surface and groundwater pollution by nitrate ions necessitates finding acceptable environmental solutions to remove this material from water sources. For practical applications, the absorbent should be of high capacity, low cost and easy to use. In this research, the effect of egg shell, rice husk, straw and wheat straw and oak leaves on nitrate ion removal from aqueous solution was investigated by continuous adsorption system. In continuous experiments using simulated water, the effect of changes in the concentration of nitrate entering the column was evaluated to increase the efficiency of the adsorption column and the application of continuous adsorption models was described in describing the failure curves. The results of continuous experiments showed that the total amount of nitrate absorbed and the column adsorption capacity increased with increasing concentration of nitrate entering the column and the Thomas model was more consistent with experimental data. Based on the results of this study, egg shell, rice husk, wheat straw, and oak leaves have high removal potential of nitrate ions.

Winter precipitation in western Iran is the source of groundwater resources in the region. From this point of view, the study of Extreme winter precipitations in western Iran is very importance. in January, with the spread of western winds, all stations are under the influence of rainfall systems , thus In in this study, extreme precipitation of January have been analyzed in western . According to pervasiveness precipitation criterion in the region level, 10 items of the four-day precipitation periods of January with precipitation maximum from 1996 to 2017 by statistic processing. Finally, from these cases, the four-day period of 3 to 6 January 1996 with most intensity was selected for in this study. The results indicated that the maximum of precipitation has observed in the south, and inland aspects of the zagros. precipitation has been decreasing from south to north of the region. The influence of the Mediterranean system on the bed of a deep trough and its accompaniment with the special humidity stream from the side of warm seas of low Geographic latitudes has provided conditions for the maximum precipitation event in the region.

The emergence of a regionalization approach in the 1960s led to the emergence of globalization (due to the modernist view) following local and regional approaches (regionalized postmodernism). Today and over the years, following the fluidity of regionalism theory, various approaches have emerged, among which the two approaches of critical regionalism and bio-regionalism are the main approaches in developing countries. The research method of this research is a combination of descriptive-analytic method in theoretical foundations and the extraction of indicators of each approach. Then, using the views of architects and architecture professors (methodology of experts), an opinion poll and evaluation of parameters are made. Finally, the critical definition of critical regional bias is redefined. Attention to bio-physical indicators in the form of a critical biologicism approach Can meet the architectural needs of the community, such as climate and environmental responses, sustainable development, sense of place and creation of architecture with identity and non-imitation and superficial eclecticism.

Salt phytoremediation from saline waters has been considered by some researchers in recent years as a natural method of desalination. For this purpose, halophytic plants are used in constructed wetlands. Due to the complexity of the phenomena governing the performance and constructed wetlands, they are often considered as black boxes for modeling. In this paper, the modeling of salt phytoremediation in constructed wetlands was performed using a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network. The input and output layers of the networks, included five variables of Electrical Conductivity and concentration of calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride of the influent and effluent of the studied Constructed Wetland. The data of 24 series, was randomly divided into two categories of training and test data. The networks with 1, 2 hidden layers and different number of neurons were trained and two optimal networks were selected. Selected networks were simulated using experimental data. The results indicated that the two networks were able to predict the results of the salt phytoremediation in constructed wetlands with good approximation.

Today, the production of solid wastage and emerge of various types of social incompatibility, economic and environmental problems associated with them, cawe many serious problem to management of services and urban wastes in collecting, transportin, and disposing of waste materials. The purpose of do this study is to assess the life cycle of the current management systems in najaf abad city, from the point of on environmental view, and determine to prority decisions in order to improve waste management. there are many tools, to evaluate of environmental effects n different waste management. but the most usual method is assessing of the life cycle assessment (LCA) in this research In this research four scenarios were defined and its data entered in the IWM-1 software. In general, life cycle assessment Najaf Abad municipal waste to achieve a scenario that was lower environmental load. the fourth scenario was selected as the best environmental option Because less environmental load than other scenarios.

Exhaust emissions resulting from the motor vehicles have harmful and long lasting effects on both the human health and environment. Pollution in different floors of parking through the corridors and stairs will be transferred to other parts of the building and will create problems for the residents. The present study proposes a air quality monitoring system which measures and calculates the ppb value of ten gases including SO2, NO2, NOx, O3, CH4, H2, CO, NH3, Benzene, and Alcohol. Furthermore the particulate matter was measured through a particle counter instrument in parking different floors. The data collected has been compared. There is a direct relationship between the number of parked cars in the parking and the concentration of pollutants. Since Vehicle is the source of regulated pollutants majority of CO, NOx and HC and contributes to the formation of inhalable particulate matter emissions (PM10 and PM2.5) as well as being most source of carbon dioxide (CO2) (CETESB 2013). Therefore Concentration of pollutants varies with the number of vehicles.

Conversion of agricultural wastes to valuable products is one of the sustainable method to prevent air pollution thet arises from biomass open burning. One of these new and valuable products are lignocellulosic aerogels, which due to their superior characteristics, such porous structure and large surface area can be used for removal of various pollutants such as dye. In this study, lignocellulosic aerogel obtained from rice straw were used to remove the Acid Orange 7 (AO7) from water and the effect of absorption process parameters on adsorption were investigated. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of adsorption greatly influenced by solution pH and temperature. For various concentrations of dye, the equilibrium was reached at 120 minutes. Isotherm data were well adapted to the Langmuir model and maximum adsorption capacity estimated from linear Langmuir was 52.1 mg/g that was approximately twice of the rice straw adsorption capacity. The kinetics results well interpreted by pseudo second order mode, indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step which correspond to the interactions between the active sites of aerogel surface and the functional groups of dyes.

Large-scale dam construction projects have increased due to widespread climate change and increased drought, human population growth and, consequently, increased global demand for energy and water. Without comprehensive research, a large project such as a dam will have many irreversible and unpredictable effects on the environment. A survey on the history of dam construction projects shows that many of them have been designed and exploited regardless of environmental assessment. Therefore, the main cause of various contamination and destruction of many parts of natural resources have been. In this research, the environmental impact assessment of the Isochan dam was identified in two phases of construction and operation on biological, physical-chemical, economic-social, cultural and strategic environments and compared with the use of the ICOLD matrix and rapid impact assessment matrix(RIAM). The results showed that the most negative and negative effects in construction phases and operation in the iCloud matrix and the evaluation of the rapid impact assessment matrix of the physical-chemical environment.

Negative environmental effects of urban growth have increased to such extent that is the largest threat in front of the ecosystem. This study was done in Sepidan county of Fars province with 3855 square kilometers. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and reform the ecological model of development of urban, rural and industrial in study area. Methods included Makhdoum method based on Boolean logic; the maximum limits proposed method (Boolean logic), arithmetic mean, geometric mean (EMOLUP), and weighting methods in 3 classes. The results showed in arithmetic mean & weighted sum mean method, most area was tending to good classes and in Boolean (Makhdoum & max limit) method most area was tending to weak classes, but the geometric mean method (EMOLUP) is among other methods. Also, based on assessment of the validity, geometric mean evaluation model (EMOLUP) is better than other models in estimation of environmental capability because of its simplicity. It should be noted that arithmetic mean method (OR), is the lowest accuracy of existing methods.

Land use mapping is the basic tools for administrators and land planners. Different methods have been proposed for land-use mapping. The latest and most important methods is using remotey sensed data for Land-use mapping. The aim of the present study was performance evaluation of classification decision tree and maximum probability methods using Landsat 8 image of 2013 for land-use mapping of Yazad- ardacan plant. Different land use classes were difined using training samples comperison of classification. results of four different methods of, Gini decision tree, entropy, Cta and maximum probability respectively thus, Show that Kappa coefficient of 85.78, 88.95, 76.78 and 91.15 the maximum probability than decision tree methods has a higher accuracy. Map area defined by the different methods of classification, are similar in sandy lands and rocky lands. The greatest differences were observed in area of medium sand dunes and minimum differences were related to the rocky lands. Therefore, the present study proves the efficiency and feasibility of thed maximum probability method in the better classification of remote sensing images.

The wall in the building has always been discussed as one of the parameters affecting thermal exchange and energy consumption. The purpose of this research is to reduce energy consumption in buildings and to provide people with thermal comfort. Accordingly, the effect of PCM on the thermal behavior of the wall has been studied in educational buildings. These studies are presented in terms of cooling, heating and electric energy in the building. Also, PMV and PPD were used to assess the thermal comfort conditions. Rino modeling software has been used, and the Grass Hopper algorithm software. analyzes and simulations by Grasshopper, Honeybee and Ladybug plugins. The results of the research show that, with PCM, between the walls of the building during the year, the number of people requiring cooling is 41.36 kWh/m2, heating is 44.77 kWh/m2, and the building power consumption is 41.36 kWh/m2. Also, Improved thermal comfort and improved personal satisfaction.

Quantitative and qualitative monitoring is the basis for deciding how to manage the production of contaminants in the cement industry of the country. Accordingly, the measurement of the amount of air pollutant emissions from these potentially polluting sources should be carried out continuously in order to comply with the legal requirements of the department of Environment . so that corrective and regulatory measures can be taken in case of non-compliance. In this descriptive-analytical study, the measurement of SOX.CO.NOX.2CO pollutant emissions was carried out. The furnace output and furnace cooler of Kavan Boukan Cement Factory during the four quarterly periods were carried out in accordance with the instructions of the department of Environment Monitoring Center. The results of the analysis showed that the amount of exhaust gas emissions from this plant, in accordance with the requirements of the Clean Air Act and Article 15 of the Air Pollution Prevention Program, are fully compatible with the embedded pollution control systems, are of great efficiency.

The purpose of the present research was to study the impact of plant growth promoting bacteriaon characteristics of growth and the amount of nutrients in rapeseedin soil contaminated by arsenic. different levels of arsenic (0, 22.5, 15.5, 7.5 and 30 mg/kg) injected into the soil, after two months, inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria and cultured canolara. Three months later, harvesting of rapeseed and some growth indices, magnesium, arsenic and phosphorus evaluated. The results of means comparison indicated that the maximum plant height from arsenic by Pseudomonas Putida and the minimum plant height from 30mg/kg arsenic by Azospirillum were 20.53 cm and 11.31 cm, respectively. The highest fresh and dry weightin obtained than lowest level of arsenic by Pseudomonas Putidaand. lowest fresh and dry weight in high arsenic concentration attained by Azospirillum.At the highest concentration of arsenic in the soil, the lowest leaf density by Pseudomonas fluorescence BR1 obtained to be 8.33 and the highest leaf density (39.33) by inoculated treatment of Pseudomonas fluorescence BR150 attained. With increase of arsenic in the soil, the magnesium and phosphorus in rapeseed were decreased, and with 30 mg/kg arsenic, they were reduced to the lowest level which were 0.13 mg/kg and %0.314, respectively

The purpose of the present study is to prioritize safety risk in nuclear installations using network analysis method. Evaluation of safety risk indices in nuclear installations was done using network analysis method. Related indicators are: machinery and equipment collision during extraction and excavation, temperature changes at the heart of the facility, collision of machinery and equipment with underground facility during excavation, acid and chemical injection, radiographic exposure, and exposure to radionuclides. , UV contact during welding, material deposition during flushing, environmental dyeing during painting, throwing welding sparks. The findings of the study showed that existing multi-criteria decision-making methods cannot accurately prioritize the risks. While the ANP method used in this study is not only capable of separating hazards more accurately, it can also express their importance to each other based on their degree of risk. It was found that the existing methods cannot accurately prioritize the hazards. In other words, management has no idea of the limited resources available to eliminate or control the same risks. While the proposed method in this study is not only capable of separating the hazards more accurately but also can express their importance to each other based on their degree of risk.

Water is the most important element of life that plays a fundamental role in the emergence of human civilizations and the construction of cities. Today, security of water is recognized as an essential challenge. According to a systemic approach, water security is a complex and dynamic mechanism in which social and ecological processes interact with each other and, along with the recognition of feedback cycles, present reactive responses to human needs. The purpose of the present study is to explain the water security based on the systemic and integrated viewpoint, infer the analytical levels of water security, and present the conceptual model of the capability of the historic structures of desert cities in providing water security. This is an inferential-comparative study. Data collection tools are library studies and review of documents. The results of the developed comparative model indicate that the functions of the historic hydraulic structures of desert cities (economic-social-cultural-ecological) are in line with the analytical levels of water security (social security of water, economic security of water, environmental safety of water, urban security of water, and resilience to crises).

The spread of antibiotic residues increases the burden of antibiotic resistance microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern in isolated bacteria from Isfahan soils. The soil samples collected from agricultural lands (19 samples) and non-agricultural (industrial) (16 samples). The resistant bacterial population was determined using five antibiotics including erythromycin, vancomycin, and co-trimoxazole (0.5 mg/L), gentamicin (1 mg/L) and, penicillin G (2mg/L) and identified by standard cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by macro broth dilution. Subsequently, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) profiles were determined. A total of 152 bacteria from different genera such as Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium and Bacillus sp were determined. The incidence of gentamicin and erythromycin-resistant bacteria were highest in agricultural and industrial soils, respectively. The MIC and MBC concentration of penicillin G were significantly higher than other antibiotics. Results revealed that 84% of isolates were MAR which half of them were tetra and penta-resistance to antibiotics. Many factors such as the Zayanderud River and using of livestock is affected by bacterial resistance in soil and water.