فهرست مطالب
Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research
Volume:26 Issue: 119, Nov Dec 2018
- تاریخ انتشار: 1397/10/01
- تعداد عناوین: 8
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Pages 1-5Background & Objective
Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing disease with a prevalence of 2%. Since it is a chronic and non-fatal skin disease, its impact on quality of life in patients is underestimated compared to other diseases. This study points out to the importance of the quality of life in these patients and their correlation with disease severity.
Materials & MethodsQuality of life of psoriasis patients was assessed by using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and psoriasis severity was measured, using Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). DLQI were compared regarding age, gender and affected areas in patients.
ResultsAmong 135 patients, 67 (49.6%) were male and 68 (50.4%) were female. The mean age of subjects was 41.49±15.43 years (ranging from 17 to 83 years). The mean DLQI score was 10.73±7.3 (ranging from 0 to 26). Independent t-test showed that the mean DLQI score was significantly greater in women than men (P=0.031) Spearman test showed positive correlation between DLQI and age as well as PASI and DLQI.
ConclusionResults of this study showed a positive and significant correlation between PASI score and quality of life of patients, which implies that with increasing the severity of the disease, the effect of psoriasis on patients' quality of life increases as well.
Keywords: Psoriasis, Quality of life, Dermatology -
Pages 6-11Background & ObjectiveFood allergy is an important and increasing problem in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the type and prevalence of food reactions in child care centers of Zanjan city (northwest, Iran).Materials & MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed in 40 kindergartens from Zanjan city. A questionnaire containing information about the occurrence of food reaction, offending food, type of reaction, feeding and birth history, and atopy in the children and their families, was prepared and completed by the parents. Then, the data were gathered and analyzed by SPSS software.ResultsIn this study 801 children between the ages of 6 months to 5 years were recruited. Two hundred and one reactions (25.1%) were reported. Skin reactions including; urticaria (47.3%) and dermatitis (8%) were registered as the most common problems. Cow's milk (32.3%) was the most offending food. There was significant correlation between age, duration of breast feeding, personal and family history of atopy, and food reactions; however, we did not find any correlation between birth body weight, gender, time of complementary feeding and food reaction.ConclusionThis study showed a high prevalence of food reaction in our region. Therefore, along with confirmatory diagnostic tests, family education for prevention and treatment of children is recommended.Keywords: Food allergy, Preschool children, Foods
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Pages 12-16Background & ObjectiveMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transient state between normal condition and dementia. Available data indicates that coronary artery diseases (CAD) may increase the risk of MCI. Hence, the early detection of MCI can prevent the progression of cognitive decline.Materials & MethodsA sample of 65 subjects with degrees of CAD was enrolled to the study. For cognitive assessment, Mini Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment were used. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of MoCA were assessed in the cut-off points of 26 and 25. The SPSS 22 was used for data analysis. The statistical significance was set at P-value<0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment was calculated 41.5% and between 47.7% and 60% by MMSE and MoCA, respectively. At the cut-off point of 25 for MoCA test, the sensitivity and specificity were 92.6% and 84.2%, and PPV and NPV were 80.6% and 94.1%, respectively, and the efficacy of MoCA test for the detection of MCI was 87.69%. At the cut-off point of 26 for MoCA test, the sensitivity and specificity were 96.3% and 65.8%, and PPV and NPV were 66.7% and 96.2%, respectively, and the efficacy of MoCA test was 78.46%.ConclusionThe prevalence of MCI in patients with CAD was higher than what was previously reported. The MoCA was more sensitive for recognizing the MCI in these patients. We suggested the cut-off point of 25 for the higher accuracy of the MoCA in detecting MCI in CAD patients.Keywords: Mild cognitive impairment, Coronary artery diseases, Mini Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment
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Pages 17-23Background & ObjectiveBisphenol A (BPA) is a hazardous environmental pollutant, which is known to cause ovarian toxicity. The present study aimed to assess the protective effects of Aloe vera herbal extract against ovarian toxicity caused by BPA in Wistar rats.Materials & MethodsThe sample population of this experimental study consisted of 40 adult female Wistar rats with a mean weight of 200±20 grams. The test animals were investigated in five groups after synchronizing, including one control group and one vehicle group (olive oil 5 ml/kg b.wt./day). Rats in the experimental groups were administered with various oral doses of BPA and Aloe vera extract daily for eight consecutive weeks (400 mg Aloe vera gel/kg b.wt./day, 10 mg BPA/kg b.wt./day dissolved in 5 ml/kg of olive oil, and BPA + Aloe vera). Blood samples (2 ml) were obtained from anesthetized rats after the intervention in order to measure the levels of oxidative stress markers and sex hormones. Moreover, the researchers collected both ovaries for histological examinations.ResultsBPA decreased estradiol levels significantly (P<0.05). In addition, while thiol protein (G-SH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) decreased, malondialdehyde (MDA) showed an increase. Fewer corpus luteum and antral follicles, more atretic follicles and several cysts were observed in histopathological results of BPA group. But total antioxidant capacity and ovarian tissue healing structure were accelerated by co-administration of Aloe vera with BPA.ConclusionAccording to the results, the use of herbal extract of Aloe vera could significantly inhibit the debilitating effects of BPA on the reproduction of female rats. Moreover, Aloe Vera gel exerted protective effects against folliculogenesis, stimulating the production of hormones to prevent the toxicity caused by BPA.Keywords: Aloe vera, Bisphenol A, Rats, Ovary
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Pages 24-33Background & ObjectiveWound dressing and healing in diabetic patients is encountered with many problems. This study aims to investigate the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on the survival of random skin flap (RSF) on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ) using an optical microscope.Materials & MethodsIn this study, 60 male Albino Wistar rats were used (average weight 250-300 gr). The rats were divided into six groups: 1). Health-Non (HN), 2). Health- Cells (HC), 3). Health –Sham (HS), 4). Diabetic-Non (DN) that were became diabetic by injecting STZ 70 mg/kg intraperitoneally), 5). Diabetic-Sham (DS), 6). And Diabetic-Cell (DC). In all groups, the day of surgery was considered as the zero day, on the back area of animal, the flap was created with a size of 8 × 3 cm and the BM-MSCs were performed. The sampling was performed on day 7 after surgery from the region where Transitional Zone (TZ) necrosis was initiated.ResultsBM-MSCs increased the number of blood vessels (P=0.009) and the histology parameters (wound demarcation P=0.0001, granulation tissue P=0.0001) significantly compared to the control group. But this increase was not significant in the area of the survival region.ConclusionIt was concluded that after treatment with BM-MSCs, the wound healing process in both non-diabetic and diabetic groups was increased in accordance with histological characteristics.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Random skin flap, Bone marrow, Stem cells, Streptozotocin, Survival
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Pages 34-42Background & ObjectivePost traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety reaction, which occurs as a result of encountering a seriously traumatic event during one’s lifetime. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of saffron aqueous extract and crocin on spatial memory and learning with the Barnes maze in a PTSD model on male Wistar rats (Weighting 200–250 gr).Materials & MethodsWistar rats (n=48) were randomly divided into two groups: PTSD and non-PTSD. The PTSD group first received intra-cerebero-ventricular (ICV) administration of 10 µg/rat aqueous saffron extract, crocin or saline and then an electric foot shock. After 21 days, both groups were returned to the electric shock box in order to remember stressors without receiving any shocks. Corticosterone levels were then measured in the samples. Concurrently, a digital camera was recording the animals’ behaviors. Upon this, spatial learning and memory was assessed for five consecutive days.ResultsThe saffron extract and crocin caused a significant increase (P<0.001) in corticosterone levels and a significant reduction (P<0.05) in freezing behavior, as well as a significant difference (P<0.001) in spatial learning of the two groups.ConclusionOur results indicate the potential role of saffron aqueous extract and its active derivative (crocin) in improving behavioral symptoms and spatial learning in PTSD models.Keywords: Traumatic stress disorder, Crocin, Corticosterone, Spatial learning, Spatial memory
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Pages 43-47Background & ObjectiveZataria multiflora is a plant that belongs to Laminaceae family. It is traditionally believed to have several therapeutic effects. Acute promyelocytic leukemia is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with dominancy of promyelocytes in bone marrow and blood stream. The aim of this study is to investigate the anticancer effects of Z. multiflora extract on acute promyelocytic leukemia cell lines.Materials & MethodsViability of NB4 cells was determined by trypane blue test after treatment with 20, 40 and 80µg/mL of Z. multiflora extract for 24 hours. Then, the metabolic activity of cells was determined by MTT assay after 24 hours of treatment with 80 µg/mL Z. multiflora. Finally, Real-time PCR was employed to study the effect of Z. multiflora extract on the expression of hTERT gene.ResultsZ. multiflora extract decreased the viability of NB4 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Metabolic activity of NB4 cells significantly decreased following treatment with 80 µg/mL Z. multiflora. Gene expression analysis showed 59%±4% decrease in the expression of hTERT gene after treatment with 80 µg/mL of Z. multiflora.ConclusionZ. multiflora extract significantly decreased the viability and metabolic activity of NB4 cells. It also led to significant downregulation of hTERT gene compared to the control group. Therefore, Z. multiflora methanolic extract potentially has anticancer effect on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells through down regulation of hTERT. Further investigations are needed to explore other mechanisms of actions and the active ingredients.Keywords: Zataria multiflora, Tumor Suppressor, Leukemia, Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia, NB4, hTERT gene
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Pages 47-50Syncope is the state of lack of consciousness and temporal loss of postural tone. Syncope might be in association with a variety of benign and life-threatening conditions. Pulmonary embolism (PE) has been shown to be associated with syncope in 13-30 percent of cases. This article presents a novel case report of PE whom syncope was his only manifestation.Keywords: Consciousness, Syncope, Pulmonary Embolism, Anura