فصلنامه توسعه ی آموزش جندی شاپور
سال دهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 30، تابستان 1398)

In recent years, the health system of the country has been accompanied by various problems that caused dissatisfaction among the people and the various sectors of the health system. After the eleventh government emerged, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education developed a Health System Evolution Plan. The plan, which seeks to protect peoples’ financial against health costs, improving quality and access to health care, it was implemented in govermental hospitals across the country in April 2014. The current research was applied in terms of descriptive-cross-sectional method and using the questionnaire tool. Hence, the statistical population included citizen stakeholders in the development of the health system (doctors, people, and nurses). Based on the results of the data analysis in SPSS software, study showed that the appropriateness of assessing the Iranian physicians' knowledge of the Health System Evolution Plan was in the first rank with the average score of 2.98.  Moreover, the performance adequacy of the health insurance organizations in intergovernmental cooperation with the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the implementation of the effectiveness of the Health System Evolution Plan was at 40th rank with an average of 1.50 points. In fact, it was indicatd that appropriatness of health insurance  organizations’ performances in Inter-departmental collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Medical Education was  considered as less importance for the implementation of the Health System Evolution Plan .

The main purpose of the research was to envestigate the effect of psychological capital on silence and organizational soundness in Mazandaran Islamic Azad University in order to provide the model. Hence, this research was based on applied purpose and also the method was a descriptive survey with a mixed of both qualitative and quantitative approach. The statistical population  was consisted of 20 faculty members in the qualitative section of faculty members with an associate degree at Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran province along with  all 764 faculty members in Mazandaran branch at the Islamic Azad University. The reliability and validity of content and the instruments were approved by the professor and supervisor of the research, with validity and reliability of more than 0.5 and0.7, respectively.  Then, structural equations were used to analyze the data. Consequently, the findings showed that psychological capital had 20 components: spiritualization and spiritual intelligence, realism, gratitude and  appriciation, critical thinking, emotional intelligence, positive emotions, self awareness and mental awareness, attempt and effort, giving meaning of work, flexibility, generosity, confidence and trust, personal and interpersonal relationships, goal setting and goal-oriented, job and life satisfaction, creativity, activities and social support, mental and physical health, cognitive assessment and successful experiences.  In addition,  results of the structural equations test illustrated that psychological capital had a negative and significant effect on organizational silence; although, it had a positive and significant effect on organizational voices. Moreover, the proposed model also had suitable fitting.

Knowledge management and its deployment in schools by managers lead to a dynamic and improve the quality of their performance. Therefore, psychological empowerment of school principals is essential for this purpose. To develop a cognitive model of psychological empowerment with the KM approach, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out. In order to collect information in two qualitative sections, the interviews were conducted with the experts, specialists and professors in the field of educational management. In the quantitative section, a questionnaire was distributed among the secondary managers of second school in Tehran. Then, data analysis was done in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. In general, the results of this study showed that the perceptual model of psychological empowerment with the knowledge management approach included eight dimensions (organizational learning, organizational motivation, organizational partnership, organizational self-referral, organizational creativity, communication skills, organizational memory and organizational responsibility). Consequently, the fitting of the model was desirable.

The purpose of this study was to investigate bilingual strategies and determine the appropriate model for teaching bilingual students in Iran's educational system. The research method was a combined sequential-exploration type. The statistical population of the study consisted of two societies; first community of research resources (written) and the second community of two subsectors of university professors. In addition, the snippets and questionnaires were utulized.  Afterwards, the findings indicated that bilingual strategies were subordinated to three models: a) natural language learning (B); guided language learning; and (c) automaticaly acquisition. Observation of the rank of bilingual education models from the viewpoint of university’ professors showed that the content-based language teaching method, the growth method, and the multilingual approach had the highest rank, respectively. Accordingly, the following methods were ranked as   two-way method, maintenance method, prestige method, dipping method, transitional method and, finally the revitalization method. . Moreover, in comparison of the viewpoints from all the professors with considering their field of study, it was indicated that faculty members in the field of Science Education prefered two-way method.

The goal of this research was to investigate the influence of planned training beavior to take the notice into activity in public sport to sake the increase the  students’ healh. Hence, the research was descriptive study in a survey method. The statistical population consisted of students of Payame Noor University in the academic year2014-2015. Then, statistical sample according to Morgan table was 384 people those were selected upon multi-stage clustering method. In addition, the measurement tool included a modified behavioral scale of planned behavior. The validty & reliability of the questionnaire were comfirmed. For inferential analysis of collected data Amos software and spss software version 18 were used.  The results of stepwise regression model showed that 46% of total changes in the level of participation in sport for all were dependent on three variables; Attitude, behavior control and general sport. Good fit indicators of Research model showed that the proposed model would be well suited that means that the theory of the pattern of planned behavior can explaine student participation in General sport. Therefore, it was suggested that university sports administrators should be prepared well to increase the students’s healh, strive about doing tricks in order to strengthen the attitude , mental norms and perceived behavior controlling , along with other influential factors of Participation in general sport,  including the provision of hardware and software infrastructure , access , financial issues , etc . To institutionalized sport for all students.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors obstructing the implementation of decentralized management in educational institutions of the western cities of Isfahan province with the approach of the data theory of the foundation. Although there was a general agreement on the importance of identifying barriers to the implementation of decentralized management in the education institution as one of the most important and vital organizations in society, a model that integrates these barriers and theoretical explanation have not been presented. Due to the pertinent litrature and central role of education in society, the present study was carried out within the framework of qualitative approach and using the research methodology of the Foundation. Hence, data collection tools were semi-structured interviews. In order to collect information, an interview was conducted using a targeted sampling method with 35 experts familiar with the issues of education and training. Data analysis was performed in three stages: open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Based on this, the qualitative research model was rationalized. Accordingly, the results of this study indicated that 125 open source or initial concepts from interviews were extracted, and also 35 concepts and 5 categories were identified by the factors impeding the implementation of decentralized management of education departments in the western cities of Isfahan province.

Continuing education and professional development will enhance the human resource performance and the dynamics of the organization. The purpose of this study was to survey the effectiveness of professional development trainings on job performance on the CIPP model. The present research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population of the study was all managers, professors and employees of the Farhangian University of Zanjan during year of 2018-2019. 103 people were selected through random sampling. Then, the contributors responded to Stufflebeam effectiveness questionnaire (2007) and Watson's job performance (1995). For analyzing the data, partial least squares method was used to test the reflective measurement models (Cronbach's alpha, divergent and convergent validity, factor load), structural models using Smart-PLS. after data analysis, the findings of this study showed that participation in the upcoming periods was effective in four components of field, internal, process, and outsourcing evaluation with a path coefficient of 56.55 and a coefficient of 0.83 on the job performance of the managers and staff of the University of Cultural Sciences. in addition, the relationship between the effectiveness of high education with job performance with factor load, extraction mean variance and high convergent validity (0.4), Cronbach's alpha coefficient and high probability (0.7), high z high coefficients (1.96), and coefficient of determination (R2) and Good Fit (GoF) (0.605) were approved, respectively. The results of the research, therefore, indicated that the training program was effective in developing the competencies and abilities of managers and employees. Measuring the effectiveness of advanced courses in improving and also its implementation can be useful.

In the present study, the causal-effects model of teaching and behavioral management of university professors on the reduction of students' destructive behaviors through self-efficacy were designed and tested. All professors at Payame Noor University of Ahwaz were included in statistical society that 156 members were voluntarily selected. To collect data, a researcher-made teaching, behavioral and destructive behavior questionnaire (2017) and self-efficacy scale of Nezami, Schwarzer & Jeroaslem (1996) were used. Then, data analysis was performed by using SPSS and Amos software and it indicated the appropriateness of the proposed model. In addition, the results of the analysis showed that teaching and behavioral management of university professors in reducing students' classroom malicious behaviors had a negative casual effect, although the same variables (teaching management and classroom behavior management) had positive casual effect on increasing the self-efficacy of university professors whereas self-efficacy of university professors in reducing destructive behaviors of students' had a negative effect. According to the present study, the more improvement of teaching, behavior management and self-efficacy of university professors, the less students' classroom behaviors.

The purpose of this study was to predict students' creativity based on learning strategies and personality traits. Considering the aspect of goals, the research was an applied study and in terms of the method was descriptive-correlation one. The statistical population of this study included all second-graders students in Bojnourd city that 224 of 536 people were selected according to Cochran's formula and by random sampling method. Then, data were collected by Costa and McCarey personality traits (1985), Karami learning strategies (2002) and Samad Aghaee's creativity (2003) questionaries. Their validity was of formal and content type, and reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha (0.87), (0.80) and (0.82), respectively. SPSS 21 was also used to analyze the data. Accordingly, research findings showed the openness, adaptability, and style of avoiding confusion identity were 27% which was able to predict creativity. The beta coefficients for learning strategies were roughly equal  to (β = 0.40), open to new experiences (β = 0.32) and for extraversion equal to (β = 0.21)that indicated to be meaningfully predictable of creativity.

The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the field of using the computer, its effectiveness as well as the barriers to using it in learning processes from the viewpoints of teachers. This non-experimental study was descriptive that the statistical population consisted of all secondary school teachers in Tehran, district 3 in the academic year 2012-2013. And finally, the sample size was 90 people selected by random sampling. For collecting data, a researcher-made questionnaire with a Likert scale and validity of 85/0 was used. Then data were analyzed by one-way t-test, independent t-test, one-way variance analysis, Tukey and Pearson correlation using SPSS software. The results showed the teachers believed that there is no appropriate contex and field to use computers in schools, but if the desired conditions are set, the effectiveness of training with computers would be high; and also teachers reported high barriers to using computers. In addition, there was no significant difference between the viewpoints of male and female teachers about the use of computers, the effectiveness of computer as an intermediary in training, and the barriers to using computer as a training medium. Moreover, teachers who had more experience claimed considerably the barriers of using computer as educational media than teachers with less than teaching backgrounds. From teachers’ viewpoints with Ph.D. degree, the contex of computers’ usage in schools and the effectiveness of computer as an intermediary in training had been evaluated at a more desirable level.

The aim of the present study was to develop  an academic engagement model based on learning strategies and and meta-cognitive awareness with regard to the mediator role of Motivational Beliefs within high schools in Kermanshah-3- distrinct, Iran. The research method was correlation (structural equation modeling). Moreover, the statistical population imcluded all female students in district 3 of Kermanshah during 1396-97 academic years, and 375 of whom were selected through stratified random sampling. Then, data was collected by academic engagement of Pentrej et al questionnaire (1991), Mokhtari and Richard Metacognitive Awareness Questionnaire (2002), Flavel Meyer-Wayne of learning strategies Inventory (1988) andPentrich & De Groot Motivational Beliefs Questionnaire (1990). Multiple Regression and Structural Equation Modeling were used to evaluate the obtained findingsindings. The results showed that learning strategies had directly the power of academic pre-engagement. Although, metacognitive awareness were not capable to directly predict academic engagement. Also, motivational beliefs had an intermediate role among learning strategies and meta-cognitive awareness with academic engagement. Finally, the result showed that the research conceptual model has a proper relationship with the collected data and the coefficient between variables was significant at a level of 0.05. Therefore, educational environments should seek to foster academic structures regarding to students’ academic enthusiastic achivements.