فصلنامه ادبیات و زبانهای محلی ایران زمین
سال نهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 24، تابستان 1398)

The present study was an attempt to investigate the morphological Clitics and Final Consonant Ellison in Takestan Tati dialect in the light of optimality theory. Morphological processes of phonological changes occur in a morphological contexts, those changes happened among morphemes, and are phonologically governed. The research was analytical and the data were collected from Tati books and local media. This study probed into the application of the morphological processes in Takesteni Tati dialect Clitics and Final Consonant Ellison from optimality point of view. The results illustrated that in Tati both elision and insertion processes happened in morphological borders, highlighting conspiracy in this language. In other words, this study concluded that the global ranking restrictions also apply to Tati and the constraints in Tati dialect were in line with global ones. The present study could be added to the linguistic scope and knowledge of scholars, acquainting the researchers more with morphological processes of Tati dialect and its adaptation to the universalities of this realm.

Layzangan is a mountainous village with semi-cold climate of Darab suburb located in Fars province and their inhabitants speak with somehow Luri dialect. In the following research, the author has collected and recorded riddles of Layzangani dialect via field interview and discussion and he has classified them according to their deep structures. This study had a great number of results including the following: (1) the majority of the riddles include educational and human sciences, with the ultimate goal of educating teenagers and young adults and among this group of riddles more attention had been paid to religious issues. (2) According to the geographical location and culture of the people in this village, the native elements had a very dynamic role in many riddles of this dialect (3) The lyrical riddles used in this dialect came from other dialects and accents (4) The structure and arrangement of words in some riddles of this village seemed to be offensive at the first glance; however, when the essence was unfolded, this suspicion was resolved.

Language has been changed for various historical, cultural, and social reasons throughout the history, which can positively affect the development of the lexical basis of the language, and sometimes in the negative route, one or more words abandoned in numerous ways. But the significant point is, in this respect, the meaningful distance between the standard language and the dialects and accents of that language; means, although the words are excluded of ordinary speech and writing, they can be found and they are still alive in the dialects of different ethnic groups survive in a specific geographic area. Among these words, the words like «Che Belâ» and «Shahrgard» and «Kouri» can be mentioned seen in ancient Persian works, such as Asrar-Altohid, Attar Neishabouri, and Vahshi-Bafghi Divans, but there is not any precise meaning for them in the available dictionaries. They are not presented or they are mistakenly explained.

The purpose of this article is to identify one of the most important phonological fricative processes named spirantization in Sirjani variety based on the framework of generative phonology. For this purpose, the data have been extracted from written documents such as the books, the glossaries, the articles, and written theses on this variety. In addition, the writers are native speakers of this variability. In this research, written sources such as dissertations, articles, and other available books in this field have also been used as literature review. Data are transcribed based on the APA and the research methodology is descriptive-analytic form. By examining the data, several types of spirantization processes have been extracted and they are investigated in this paper. The questions discussed in this study are as follows: 1. what types of phonological processes of spirantization are there in Sirjani variety? 2- How many consonants and vowels are there in Sirjani variety in comparison with standard Persian?

One of the varieties of oral literature is the song. The songs in the Bakhtiari culture and literature are widely used. Language as a part of human society has a significant role in the forming of the customs and culture of every nation and community. The role of women in the lyric poetry is very significant and chief. In this research, we investigate the role and position of woman in oral literature especially Bakhtiyar's songs. In this regard, the songs were divided into eight categories. Subsequently, the role of women and the analysis of songs on the determination of women's role have been studied. Then, we find that the Bakhtiari woman, in many cases, is a self-constructor, speaker, and designer in relation to songs, and used them in most stages of their lives and everyday tasks. Some sample of songs are about the women but not created by them.

Human beings heritage of Intellectual, literary, cultural and scientific are illustrated in language; so, many researchers have been involved in the study of language. Papoon is one of the villages of Kohmaereh Nowdaan in Kazeroon city. The inhabitants speak in Papooni accent. In this article, conjugational structure of verb has been investigated. One of the writers of this research is a native Papooni speaker and in order to gather data, he interviewed with some of illiterate speakers of this accent. The results showed that verb in Papooni accent like other middle Iranian languages are constructed based on present and past tenses. The other point is that transitive and intransitive conjugations of verbs are different. Conjugations of transitive verbs like middle Persian identifiers come at the beginning of the verb and intransitive in past tense are also different regarding this accent which can be categorized as the so-called ergative family. Also, the results showed that identifiers of past and present verb are not the same. In Papooni accent past participle like modern and Old Persian is constructed (past root + fatheh). For expressing concepts related to the future, the verb will be used in general conjugation of verb in Papooni accent radically different from standard Persian and some forms of verb are constructed in different ways.

Women, as half of the world's population, have always been under a magnifying glass. They suffered from oppressive and unkind treatment of men or government. Such ignorance has long been endured in the myths and legends of various cultures. Depriving women from the right to live a normal life with dignity; women were sometimes condemned to prison or commuted to exile. Sometimes they were subjected to a series of rigorous tests to prove their being. Folk couplet is the most famous and widely readable form of poetry in folk literature which can be easily communicated by the audiences who speak the same language, i.e. Persian, although their dialects are different. Regarding Pure Language without any limitation, folk couplet flourishes in exquisite literary beauties, wonderful fancies, and musical rhythms which have made it popular and prestigious. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reflection of the presence of women in 200 folk couplets of Savadkouh County using descriptive-analytical method and library-field approach. The findings showed that women's share in the folk couplet is more than that of men as they either make their own poems or are being addressed. Such presence is highlighted as a lover, beloved, and mother. Woman, as a beloved companion, has been investigated from three aspects, i.e. as a waiting beloved, thankful beloved, and as an advisor beloved. She is sometimes presented as a provoker of all kinds of vocals and sometimes as a helper to accomplish great things.