فصلنامه نوید نو
پیاپی 70 (تابستان 1398)

One of the goals of the World Health Organization is to promote lifestyle in the community. Many risk factors can be counteracted through lifestyle correction. Having an appropriate teaching method as an intervention is of particular importance. In this regard, application of a suitable training method is of special priority as an intervention. On the other hand, lifestyle is of remarkable importance in pregnancy. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of group discussion and multimedia package training on the lifestyle of pregnant mothers.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 78 pregnant women referring to the health centers in Gonabad city, Iran in 2018. The subjects were randomly assigned to three groups of control, intervention with group discussion, and intervention with multimedia package. The data were collected using the demographic characteristics and standard Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II questionnaires. All the data were statistically described and analyzed by paired t-test and analysis of variance using SPSS software version 20. P

The subjects under study were pregnant women with the mean age of 27.9±5.7 years. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean scores of lifestyle in the three groups pre-intervention (P>0.05). However, the three groups were significantly different post-intervention in terms of the mean lifestyle scores (P<0.05). It was revealed that the mean score of lifestyle in the group discussion intervention group was 168.53±21.56. Moreover, the mean scores were obtained as 144.77±19.8 and 144.08±21.23 for the control group and test group receiving multimedia package training, respectively.

According to the findings of this study, use of group discussion and multimedia package training method led to improved lifestyle score in pregnant women. Therefore, application of these methods is recommended for teaching lifestyle to the pregnant women.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently prevalent in adults. The main clinical symptoms of MetS include central obesity, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein levels, and hypertension. Genetic factors play an important role in the development of MetS. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between two gene polymorphisms, including TNF-a -308 G>A (rs 1800629) and IL-6 -174 G>C (rs1800795) with MetS and its components.

This case-control study included 250 participants who were assigned into the case group with MetS (n=125) and control group (n=125). The mean ages of males in the case and control groups were 54.5 and 39.44 years, respectively. Moreover, the mean ages of females in the case and control groups were 53.05 and 33.69 years, respectively. In addition, the number of male and female in the case group was 40 (32%) and 85 (68%), respectively. Additionally, 43 (34.4%) and 82 (65.6%) males and females participated in the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding gender (P=0.842). In this study, DNA was extracted from the blood, and Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was employed to detect two gene polymorphisms, including TNF-a -308 G>A and IL-6 -174 G>C among participants.

The results obtained from this study showed a significant association between TNF-a-308 G>A and MetS (P<0.05). However, there was no significant association between IL-6 174 G>C and MetS. Additionally, no association was observed between MetS components and the aforementioned polymorphisms.

According to the results, an association was observed between TNF-a-308 G>A gene polymorohism and MetS.

The collection of sufficient data regarding the customer perception of the quality of services can help organizations identify the areas and dimensions that affect the competitive advantage of the organization. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the quality of services provided in the Department of Cardiac Surgery at the state and private hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, based on the SERVUSE model during 2018.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 145 patients hospitalized in the heart surgery departments of three public hospitals and four private hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, were evaluated using the servise questionnaire in 2018. The questionnaire consists of several dimensions, inlcuidng tangibility, reliability, accountability, assurance, empathy, and usability. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through content validity, and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data were collected in a field and analyzed in the SPSS software using nonparametric tests at a significant level of 0.05.

In the public hospitals, the greatest gap was attributed to the tangible factors with a score of 0.52, while the lowest gap was related to the empathy domain with a score of 0.06. In addition, the gap between total expectations and perceptions was -0.22. In the private hospitals, the greatest gap with a score of -1.14 was related to empathy. Furthermore, the gap between total expectations and total perceptions was obtained as -0.73. The results of Wilcoxon test showed that the gap and difference were statistically significant between the public and private hospitals (P<0.05).

To reduce the existing qualitative gap, managers need to pay more attention to the improvement of the physical environment of the hospital, utilization of appropriate equipment, enhancement of human resource management, and promotion of organizational motivation and commitment.

Elderly people are exposed to potential threats, such as physical and mental disabilities, which overwhelm their functional independence and their daily activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the functional independence of elderly patients referred to West Health Center in Tehran, Iran.

This descriptive-cross sectional study was conducted on 200 elderly people referred to West Health Center in Tehran during 2017. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were collected utilizing an Abbreviated Mental Test, a demographic form, and the Barthel index to investigate the elderly functional independence. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version. 20) through one way ANOVA, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.  

According to the results, the mean±SD age of the elderly participated in this study was (64.53±3.95), and 51% of the participants were female. About 95.5% of the elderly had complete independence for their daily activities. However, 4% and 0.5% of them had partial and moderate dependencies, respectively. Moreover, there was a reverse relationship between age and functional independence (P<0.001, r=-0.345). However, functional independence correlated significantly with educational level, marital status, hypertension, and joint pains (P<0.05).

According to the results, a majority of the elderly people has been independent in their daily activities; however, aging correlated with reduced levels of independence. Therefore, regarding holistic care in clinical nursing services, it is necessary to pay attention and develop programs to support the elderly in order to promote their health and provide the concept of "healthy and active aging".

Karyotype is one of the most popular and most widely used tests in genetic laboratories throughout the country. In this study, the karyotype diagnostic method and platelet-rich plasma therapy (PRP) have been integrated into each other to improve the quality of the karyotype test. This technique is essential in genetic labs where blood samples are deficient, or few cells are available for a karyotype test.  The aim of this study was to optimize lymphocyte cell cultures for performing a karyotype test using a platelet-rich plasma method.

This applied study included 30 cases from Shahrekord University in 2013. Platelet-rich plasma therapy was used to increase white blood cell and decrease red blood cells as well as other annoying and unnecessary factors in cell culture media to improve the lymphocyte cell culture.

The final slides of karyotypes made with this method had excellent quality and a reasonably transparent background, compared to the conventional methods. It should be noted that in the final slide, there were more chromosomes than those in the conventional karyotype method.

The better quality of the chromosomes in the karyotype slides makes the study of the chromosomes' structure very convenient and more accurate. On the other hand, the more chromosomes are retained in the karyotype slides which improve their analysis using special karyotype software and make the detection of structural mosaicism more accurately in karyotype slides.

The electrocauterization smoke is a plume that is produced from the interaction of tissue and electrocautery. This smoke consists of hazardous material that causes complications, such as respiratory disorders, nausea, vomiting, eye irritation, headache, and transmitting the viruses of human papillomavirus and hepatitis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the surgical team's knowledge of these complications in Mashhad educational hospitals, Mashhad, Iran, in 2014.

This was a descriptive-cross sectional study carried out on 140 members of the surgical team of Mashhad educational hospitals in 2012 by census method. Data were collected by a researcher-designed questionnaire titled “surgical team’s knowledge of electrocauterization smoke complications”. Obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16), Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The significant level was considered P

Obtained results showed a significant relationship between knowledge and gender (P=0.02) so that the knowledge of the men was higher than that of the women. Also, there was no significant relationship between knowledge with the educational level (P=0.591) and work experience (P=0.286). According to the results, the mean score of the participants’ knowledge was 7.7±4.01 so that 75% of the participants had a low level of knowledge of electrocauterization smoke complications. The lowest levels of knowledge were related to women (55.7%), participants with a bachelor’s degree (47.8%), and individuals with work experience of 0-10 years (42.8%),

Regarding the fact that the knowledge level of the surgical team in Mashhad educational hospitals is low, it is recommended to upgrade the level of knowledge of the healthcare personnel by holding workshops or writing pamphlets.

Tramadol is an opioid with two differential mechanisms, including binding to the mu-opioid receptor and acting as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. Tramadol side effects are seizure and rhabdomyolysis. In this regard, the present report introduced a girl suffering from acute kidney injury and creatinine increase as a result of tramadol poisoning. Case Report: A girl was admitted to an intensive care unit with a diagnosis of tramadol overdose. Her symptoms included loss of conciseness and respiratory depression. She was intubated. Her urine toxicology test was positive for tramadol, and urea and creatinine levels were reported as 126 and 9.5 mg/dl, respectively. She underwent daily dialysis for 2 h; however, no decrease was observed in urea and creatinine levels. Daily dialysis increased to 3.5 h, and after 11 days, her creatinine and urea levels decreased to 3 and 20 mg/dl, respectively. The patient did not have any history of neurological diseases, and her brain computed tomography scan showed leukodystrophy. On the 12th day of hospitalization, the patient was separated from the ventilator and transferred to the ward. She was discharged after a week and recommended to continued psychiatric treatments.

Tramadol belongs to opioids and is usually sold without prescription. Seizure, rhabdomyolysis, kidney failure, and brain complications due to long hypoxia are the reported side effects, which are increasing in recent years. Therefore, higher control of tramadol legal and illegal distribution is required.