مجله جامعه شناسی نهادهای اجتماعی
پیاپی 13 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

The present study trys to explain institutional habitus level of teachers of Mashhad and how it changes during the time. The study is focused on what kind of institutional habitus have in the past and what kind of institutional habitus does they have these days. To reach this goal, conceptual framework of this study was based on the ideas of Pierre Bourdieu. We used the survey and thematic analysis methods to gather and analyze data. The statistical population in survey method consists of teachers of Mashhad city that 360 of them were selected by clustering sampling and cocheran formula. In thematic enalysis, interview was done with 31 participants by means of both purposive sampling and Theoretical saturation. The qantitve results indicate that the level of the institutional habitus is lower than normal lenel. Also the qualitive results indicate that it has reduced recently. So the results showed that the institutional habitus of teachers has been reduced. Such situation isn’t satisfactory for education field that have importan function in social field. In according to there is a mutual relationship between product field and consumption field, it is necessary to study and reform this challenge quickly.

Abstract Deferent political systems need minimum relation between people and political governors and this necessity will be shown in form of efficiency and legitimacy. So, social capital is related to requirement, profit and loss. There is a missing link, in the meantime, which can tie between profits of people and sovereignty (legitimacy and efficiency), and that is “reliance”, whit scientific name ‘social capital”. Authors in this research try to apply postmodernism theories of Michel Foucault in three dimensions of knowledge, power and government, and by use of social capital theory and with emphasis on Robert Putnam in use of “social capital” for supply profits in macro level (relation between state and nation), and try to achieve an approach for more relation between nation and sovereignty and access of ideals to reals, and try to improve the measure of efficiency and legitimacy of our political system in one side and satisfaction and comfort of citizens in other side. In this research, authors, for reach to goals used the analytical-descriptive method and use library tools for collection data. Key Words: Social Capital, Reliance, Knowledge, Power, Governance

neighborhood interactions are one of the most important issues that have been affected by urban sociologists today. in order to explain the neighborhood behaviors, the theory of intellectual action of ajzen and fishbein has been used. attitude variables in neighborhood interactions, mental norms, intention to conduct behavior, behavioral beliefs and normative beliefs form the main constructs of this model.the research method is survey and questionnaire was collected using the necessary information questionnaire.research sample consists of 385 persons in yazd city which are tailored to stratified random sampling and then in a simple random manner.the questionnaire was developed which was used to assess its reliability by cronbach's alpha test and the factor analysis.the results show that there is significant positive correlation between model structures with neighborhood interactions. hence, between behavioral beliefs and neighborhood interactions, between the attitude and neighborhood interactions,between the attitude and neighborhood interactions, between mental norms and neighborhood interactions,between intention to conduct neighborhood behavior and interactions was observed positive and significant.however,although model structures have significant correlation with neighborhood interactions,we need to avoid other structures that are not neglected in the same models and extensive research has been done in this field to provide more general model with more structures.

In this research, which was done through deductive and exploratory methods, the experience of students' life and their perception of academic culture was studied. The research method was qualitative and the type of Grounded Theory. Techniques for data collection, semi-structured interviews with 24 graduate and P.H.D students from Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, Al-Zahra, Tarbiat Modares and Allameh Tabatabaee universities. Sampling was based on theoretical sampling and theoretical saturation. The data analysis method was also coding: open, axial, and selective coding. As a result of a coding process 82 Concept or sub categories and 19 main categories and a core that was in model paradigm. Students describe the culture of Tehran universities in terms of concepts such as conservative culture, documentary culture, individualist culture, frustration culture, proletarian culture, adorable culture, culture of citizenship, domination of male culture, convergence, commercialization of science. They believed that factors such as inefficient education at different levels of education, professors, community culture, family culture, and lack of job security were one of the main causes of university-dominated university culture, and the consequences of this dominant culture were brain drain, scientific recession, dependency, resource waste The country has seen an increase in mental disorders.

This survey aims to explore the relationship between religiosity and health-oriented lifestyle among citizens of Shiraz. Islam as one of the divine religions contains lots of suggestion for its followers in order to achieve a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of different dimensions of religiosity (ritual, consequential, emotional, and belief) in health-oriented lifestyle. . The research methodology is a survey method. Shiraz citizens (15-59) are as statistical population of this research and the sample of this research was 384 people. The questionnaires have been used in ten regions of the city to collect data from citizens of Shiraz (15-59) which are the statistical population (n= 384). The results indicate that all dimensions of religiosity except emotional religiosity have a significant effect on health-oriented lifestyle. In general, independent variables are able to explain almost 27% of the dependent variable. Moreover, the consequence dimension has had the greatest effect, with beta equal to 0.323.

The closure of the steel plant of Kurdistan province caused the loss of employees' jobs and Staff follow-up did not get any results. From the sociological point of view, people who have lost their jobs are distinct from unemployed people. Scientific knowledge in internal studies is more focused on unemployment and the issue of unemployment has been viewed from an economic perspective and a quantitative method. Accordingly, the overall purpose of this research is the sociological study of the consequences of job loss. The lived experience of employees who lost their jobs was studied by descriptive phenomenology method of Colaizzi and life challenges after job loss were identified. Findings of the research show that the most important problems of the employees who lost their jobs are four main themes: 1- Job and financial problems (with 9 sub themes), 2- family problems (with 5 sub themes), 3- social problems (with 7 sub themes) and 4- psychological problems (with 7 sub themes). Large industrial projects such as the steel plant should be carried out far beyond political considerations. These projects should have an economic assessment and a social impact assessment.

Abstract This article investigated the religiosity of marketers and its relationship with commitment to business ethics in the market of Babol. The most important views in theoretical framework were Durkheim and Weber's theories. The research method was survey, and was used stratified sampling. Data was collected through a questionnaire, and the sample was 378 people in the market of Babol city. The questionnaire was used to measure the commitment to business ethics variable was self made questionnaire. The scales was used to measure religiosity variable were made by other researchers. The findings showed that the degree of religiosity and jurisprudential religiosity were weakening and informal religiosity was strengthened during successive generations. In addition, the results indicated that by weakening the degree of religiosity and jurisprudential religiosity, and strengthening informal religiosity, the commitment to business ethics has been weakened. Thus the relationship between religiosity and commitment to business ethics was confirmed.

Identifying and Prioritizing the Barriers and Challenges of Implementing Higher Education Policies in Iran Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize obstacles to implementation of Iran's higher education policies. The research was a mixed type that was collected in the qualitative section of the data using a semi-structured interview and was identified by open coding, axial and selective barriers to implementation of higher education policies. In the quantitative section, by using a qualitative work questionnaire and using a hierarchical analysis, from 50 faculty members and higher education professionals, priority is given to barriers. Findings of the research show that the barriers to implementing higher education policies include 10 main concepts in the form of 53 categories, the main concepts of which are based on hierarchical analysis, respectively: administrative-organizational barriers, internal barriers, individual barriers, major obstacles, barriers Policy development issues, educational system barriers, barriers to high-level documents, environmental barriers and tools, and community and culture barriers.

Indeed, the most successful social policies are those that have been developed and implemented with the "welfare mixture" and the partnership of multiple agencies, including government, the private sector, civil society, the family, and international institutions. Based on especially the presence of NGOs in social policy, the paper, based on qualitative content analysis and interview technique with sampling snowballing strategy, among 21 successful NGOs in the city of Tehran in various areas of social policy, is a narrative about the position of these organizations in social policy in Iran. The results showed that the reality of the social policy agency in Iran has a governmental nature and the position of NGOs is decorative, instrumental, dramatic, obscure and political, their role is limited to enforcers of government regulations and service agencies and lacking a clear place in social policy. Even in places where some NGOs play a role, not only their role is limited to a certain stage of the social policy cycle (mainly the implementation phase), but most of them are subject to identity transformation and government-dependent organizations (semi-NGOs/GNGOs). Results of this study suggests the refusal of the role of NGOs and community-based actions in the social policy of Iran.