فهرست مطالب

Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:23 Issue: 3, Sep 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/07/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Zaher Etemad *, Zhino Rasouli Page 1
    Background

    Herbal supplementation with moderate- and high-intensity aerobic exercise affects obesity-related factors, especially the lipid profile and inflammatory markers.

    Objectives

    The present study was conducted to determine the effect of endurance training with strawberry extract supplementation on inflammatory markers and the lipid profile in healthy inactive women.

    Methods

    The subjects included inactive women aged 20 - 30 years, who were randomly divided into two groups: (a) The endurance exercise + supplementation group (n = 12) and (b) The endurance exercise + placebo group (n = 12). The supplementation group received 100-mg strawberry extract supplement twice per day for two weeks. After the supplementation, the exercise protocol was carried out, which included a session of endurance exercise within 75% - 80% of the maximum heart rate on the treadmill for 30 minutes. Blood samples were taken before and after the intervention to determine the lipid profile and plasma fibrinogen concentration. Data were analyzed using the repeated-measures ANOVA.

    Results

    The results showed a significant reduction in TC, TG and LDL-C and a significant increase in HDL-C after the supplementation, but no significant changes were observed in the placebo group. Fibrinogen concentrations decreased significantly following the supplementation. Meanwhile, no significant increase was observed in the groups after the endurance exercise (P ≤ 0.05).

    Conclusions

    According to the results obtained and the benefits of dried strawberry powder on cardiovascular risk factor control, supplementation following exercise training are recommended for improving the physiological function of inactive people who are prone to dyslipidemia and inflammation

    Keywords: Strawberry Extract Supplement, Endurance Exercise, Lipid Profile, Fibrinogen Concentration
  • Mahnoosh Fatemi, Fereshte Ghandhari *, Nasim Karimi Page 2
    Background

    Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic yeast with a demonstrated ability to inhibit different cancer cell lines.

    Objectives

    The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of the cell debris and supernatant of Saccharomyces boulardii on breast cancer induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA) in rats.

    Methods

    After culturing Saccharomyces boulardii on dextrose agar, the cell debris and supernatant were collected. The present study was conducted on 32 rats weighing 150 ± 20 g in four groups, including the injection control group, the cancer group, the group treated with the cell debris of Saccharomyces boulardii and the group treated with the supernatant. Hematological factors were evaluated after the treatment. Histopathological changes and concentrations of BAX and Bcl-2 were also assessed in the tumors.

    Results

    Significant changes were observed in all the blood factors in the cancer compared to control group, whereas no significant changes were observed in the two groups treated with the supernatant and cell debris of Saccharomyces boulardii compared to in the control group except for a significant increase in MCV. Deformed mammary acini and an increased volume of milk glands confirmed the duct carcinoma. Although fewer pathological carcinogenic changes were observed in the two groups treated with the supernatant and cell debris of Saccharomyces boulardii, the appearance of the tissues was still inflamed. The concentration of BAX significantly increased and that of BCL-2 significantly decreased in the group treated with the Saccharomyces boulardii supernatant compared to in the cancer group.

    Conclusions

    Saccharomyces boulardii and its supernatant could reduce the size of the tumor and inhibited its spread to other parts of the body by inducing apoptosis in the tumor cells

    Keywords: Saccharomyces boulardii, DMBA, BAX, BCL-2, Breast Cancer
  • Elham Moghaddas, Abdolmajid Fata, Ameneh Gholampour, Lida Jarahi, Saman Soleimanpour, Seyed Aliakbar Shamsian* Page 3
    Background

    Khorasan Province is an endemic region for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The species identification of Leishmania protozoa is useful for the control and prevention of leishmaniasis.

    Objectives

    The present study is the first to identify Leishmania species by evaluating their risk factors in Quchan, Northern Khorasan, Northeast of Iran.

    Methods

    A questionnaire and slide smears were collected from 103 individuals suspected of having leishmaniasis. Optimized PCR was performed using specific kDNA primers on all the slides. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-20 software.

    Results

    Among the 103 subjects with skin ulcers suspected of having CL, 77 (74.8%) showed positive results in their direct microscopic smear. Specific Leishmania PCR bands, however, were observed in 86 (83.4%), including 57 subjects with L. tropica and 29 with L. major. The most frequent age range involved was 20 - 30 years and the most common site of the lesions was the hands. From the 57 cases of L. tropica, 43.9% and 56.1% lived in urban and rural districts, respectively. The sensitivity of microscopy for the diagnosis of Leishmania spp. was calculated as 89.5% in this study.

    Conclusions

    L. tropica is the dominant causative species for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Quchan. This study identified a new rural focus for cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica in Quchan suburbs

    Keywords: Leishmania, PCR, Quchan, Species, Iran
  • Hossein Hatami, Ali Ramezankhani, Farahnaz Shekarchi* Page 4
    Background

    Brucellosis is a major problem in many parts of the world, including Iran, where livestock are an important source of income and employment.

    Methods

    This cross-sectional (descriptive-correlational) study enrolled individuals diagnosed with brucellosis from 2012 to 2016 and their information was available in the health center of Kermanshah province. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21).

    Results

    From all the patients with brucellosis (2714), 55.3% were male and 44.7% were female. Most of them were living in Kermanshah province, their mean age was 35.05 ± 17.35 years and the most common age group was 21 - 30 years. The most common route of transmission was consumption of contaminated dairy products (99.1%) and contact with livestock (99.71%). Musculoskeletal and back pain were the most commonly observed clinical signs (89.8%). There was a statistically significant difference between years of incidence and livestock vaccination history (P < 0.001). The highest number of patients wright test was in titer 1:160 (33.1%) and 2 ME test 1:80 (36.8%). Regarding the use of medication for treatment, most patients were prescribed combination of rifampin and co-trimoxazole (12.97%).

    Conclusions

    Timely diagnosis, livestock vaccination, training and refraining from unpasteurized dairy products can be effective in preventing outbreaks of brucellosis.

    Keywords: Brucellosis, Epidemiology, Clinical, paraclinical, Kermanshah, Iran
  • Nazanin Farshchian*, Farhad Naleini, Parisa Bahrami Kamangar Page 5
    Background

    Determining the exact gestational age can prevent many complications and unpleasant consequences of pregnancy such as fetal growth retardation, premature birth and prenatal mortality.

    Objectives

    This study aimed to measure fetal anterior-posterior thigh diameter, as a new method for determining gestational age, and to compare it with routine ultrasound parameters (biparietal diameter, femur length).

    Methods

    In this study, 105 pregnant women with gestational age 18 - 28 weeks who presented to Kermanshah Imam Reza Hospital were recruited. Gestational age was determined based on last menstrual period (LMP). Then, ultrasound was performed to measure gestational age with anterior-posterior thigh diameter and other routine parameters (biparietal diameter, femur length). Finally, the results were evaluated with KS and Spearman’s correlation coefficient in SPSS version 22. Significance level was set as 0.05.

    Results

    A significant correlation existed between estimation of gestational age based on ultrasound parameters and LMP, and between anterior-posterior thigh diameter and routine ultrasound parameters (P < 0.05). Hence, anterior-posterior thigh diameter is as good as biparietal diameter and femur length for estimation of gestational age.

    Conclusions

    According to the results, using anterior-posterior thigh diameter can be a reliable method in estimation of gestational age in the second trimester in addition to routine parameters.

    Keywords: Gestational Age, Anterior-Posterior Thigh Diameter (APDT), Last Menstrual Period (LMP), Ultrasound
  • Reza Habibi, Mitra Hemati, Mansour Rezaei, Asadollah Daneshfar* Page 6
    Background

    Gastroenteritis is one of the most common infectious diseases among children and is one of the leading causes of infant mortality worldwide. Studies show a relationship between zinc deficiency, malnutrition and diarrhea in children. Zinc is an essential element that plays a key role in the immune system.

    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the baseline serum zinc level of children with gastroenteritis and compare it in children with other diseases.

    Methods

    This cross-sectional study recruited 160 children aged 1 to 5 years presenting to Dr. Kermanshahi Hospital in autumn 2017. In this study, two groups of children were selected: those with gastroenteritis (n = 80) and those with other diseases (n = 80) and their baseline serum level of zinc was measured using Birex Fars kit and automatic calorimeter, and compared.

    Results

    Findings showed that 53.8% of the participants had a history of zinc use (more than a month before) and 46.2% had no history of zinc use. There was no statistically significant relationship between serum zinc level and age. In addition, no significant difference was observed in serum zinc level in patients with gastroenteritis and patients with other diseases (P = 0.840). Also, 65% of the samples in the gastroenteritis group and 70% of the samples in the other diseases group had normal zinc level which showed no significant difference (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions

    The findings demonstrated that serum zinc level in children with gastroenteritis was not significantly different from others. It is recommended that serum zinc level be measured before administration in children with gastroenteritis to make sure they need it.

    Keywords: Serum Zinc Level_Gastroenteritis_Children 1 to 5 Years
  • Omid Amanolahy, Seyed Mohammad Ali Hesami, Mohammad Bagher Mehrabani, Samane Ghasemi* Page 7
    Introduction

    Morgagni hernia is a type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia defined as a defect in the fusion of musculinization of the anterior pleuroperitoneal membrane, occurring in 1 per 3000 live births worldwide.

    Case Presentation

    The patient was a one-year-old boy residing in the city of Kermanshah, Iran, visiting the hospital following cold signs one month before. After lung auscultation by the physician and performing chest radiography, the patient underwent further examination due to reduced lung sounds on the left side. In the chest radiography, intestine segments and stomach were shown to have entered the left side of the thoracic cavity, and the heart and mediastinum were shifted to the right. In the small intestine transit, part of the stomach fundus was observed in the lower left side of the thoracic cavity, indicative of sliding hiatal hernia.

    Conclusions

    Intraoperative findings suggested atypical Morgagni hernia. Therefore, it is recommended that surgeons take into account rare types of hernia in their diagnoses, and perform more careful pre-operative radiography to be fully prepared.

    Keywords: Hernia, Morgagni Hernia, Case Report