نشریه تحقیقات تمثیلی در زبان و ادب فارسی
پیاپی 40 (تابستان 1398)

Allegory is one of the common terminology in the literature of Iran and the world, which despite its high frequency and rich background, due to some similarities with other literary bases such as symbolic, cipher, indignant, and even analogy and metaphor, about the precise introduction of it among scholars and writers There are disagreements. Therefore, it should be acknowledged that in different periods and based on the existing schools of thought and poetry, the work and definition of the allegory undergoes transformations and, consequently, the creation of various works. In this research, an analytical-descriptive method has been used to study the functions of allegory in Sohrab, Nima and Akhavan poetry. The results show that the symbolism and utilization of analogy and metaphor, which are subsamples of allegory, are more prominent in Sohrab and Akhavan's works compared to Nima's works because these two poets often use allegory to express The pain of community and society's disadvantages.

In this article, by considering the allegory, the poems of Mirza Habib Khorasani are discussed with the concepts based on the contrast between reason and love and body and soul. The poems in which allegory is created by using simile. From ancient times, allegory has been one of the important rhetorical devices of poets and they have tried to use it. Mirza Habib Khorasani also uses allegories that have visual meaning and thought. First, he attempts to create images in poetry in order to fantasize it and create pleasure in the audience. The poet uses his image to express his emotional perceptions; second, he attempts to convey and transfer the message; in fact, any allegory with the meaning of the thought has a message that transmits it to the audience. This type of allegory is used to understand the abstract concepts of sense to explain it. This article is done in a librarian way and through a descriptive-analytical method in the poem of Mirza Habib Khorasani.

Animals play an allegorical and symbolic role, apart from being rich in content and the attractiveness of the stories, the poets and writers of the texts of order and prose use their allegorical approach more to fulfill ethical, educational, social and political goals. In these tales, there is more than thought, passion, deception, greed, craziness, deceit, deception, and action in action. In this article, the criterion of the selection of stories is the presence of animal characters active in events and events. Often in these tales only the animal character speaks, sometimes it acts in the nature of animals and has animal motives and sometimes includes motives and deeds attributed to humans. Any trick and no means of thinking can not be done, but must be accompanied by the counsel of the wise. In this research, which has been done in a fundamental way based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method, it has been shown that the dictates are practiced as an opponent, and the hero originally derives from a perceptual mistake that is based on habit. This research points out the superiority of Squeal and Vile by force, courage and strength, and says that those who go to the enemy with a remedy and decree are more victorious than those who rely solely on the sharp fist and force of the arm.

So far, the eloquence-researchers have brought various definitions about parable. But the parable in this research as a style of storytelling, is a method of narrative that covers nonfiction content in a wrappers of fiction structure. Symphony of the Dead is a novel Iranian writer and poet, the most important of his work and the turning point of his works. This novel with a poetic language, was narrated beautifully one family story and an alien poet with the surroundings. Allegories from "Brotherhood, Love, loneliness, revenge, ignorance, jealously, prejudice, hypocrisy, greed, injustice, infringement which is included in the field of educational literature, it has come to this novel. For readers more information in this work, has mention to the linguistic elements of style maker, literary, indicators of the content of educational literature, such as vocabulary and slang motifs, the abundance of similes, allusions and metaphors, personification and attributes, explaining the allegorical expression of author and his work. The method of this research is a library-related study by fiche taking with main question is that "what is the position of the allegory in the expression of the author for presenting his fictional concepts in the Symphony of the Dead Book for more communication with readers?

Mohammad Beyabani, a modern contemporary poet, has a special look at allegory, and in his poems he has tried to add to the effect and beauty of his words using his expressive elements, especially the parable. Hence, in this descriptive-analytic study, the epic and mythological parables used in Beyabani poetry and the purposes and methods of their use in these poems are explored and described. The purpose of this research is to find out how the poet used these epic and mythological parables, with what goals in his poems, and how these gestures and mental proportions have influenced the development of the poet's meanings and concepts. To this end, we have classified these mythical concepts and narrative gestures in three sections of the Iranian epic and mythological parables, Islamic references and Islamic symbols, among which the Iranian epics and myths have been very impressive in poetry poems. These epic and mythological parables have been used for various purposes in Beyabani,poetry; the poet has used them to foster their meanings and concepts and often to express their social and political issues. The use of these epic and mythological parables also distinguished his poetic language and expression, and increased the power of influence and induction.

The "blindness" of the Portuguese parable of Jorge Saraamago was published in1995. In this novel, "the poem" speaks of the beauty of the blindness that governed the animal's interior. The seemingly uncanny greetings. It is considered to be a white and hazy hollow landing in a stinging swamp. The story is full of a dreamlike allegory with a bitter and sad humor that has highlighted the life of the monotone and the horizon. Saramago creates a horrifying nightmare that the industrial community has forgotten human dignity and has gone back to barbarism as a result of the failure of a man because he does not pass his dignity and neglects one's respect, and the world leader has replaced the collective reality. The significance of this novel Due to the rich atmosphere of the story, it is possible to examine the author's message from different angles, which is examined in a descriptive analytical manner. Issue: A writer and journalist as a contagious disease? Hypothesis: This allegorical novel is the mirror of today's life, which accentuates Bats and is a symbol of ignorance.