نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 4 (پیاپی 135، مهر و آبان 1398)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common and disabling diseases in societies that causes chronic synovial inflammation and joint damages. Several pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatments of RA have been developed, among which radiosynovectomy using beta-emitting radionuclides is a safe and effective treatment in a patient with no response to drug therapies or systemic drug side effects. In this study, the histological effects of yttrium-90 hydroxyapatite (90Y-HA) injection in the knee joint of RA rat models were assessed.

Rat models of RA were prepared by intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg enrofloxacin for 15 days. Therapeutic effects of 90Y-HA injection in the knee joint of RA rat models were evaluated via histology staining techniques 2 weeks and 2 months after treatment.

Significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) were observed in such studied parameters as articular cartilage thickness, the number of chondrocytes and lacunae and regeneration of joint cartilage 2 months after intra-articular injection of 90Y-HA in knee joint.

It seems that intra-articular injection of 90Y-HA could be one of the efficient therapies for reducing inflammatory factors and improving the induced RA in rats.

Heart disease is a major cause of mortality in elderly people, and oxidative stress and inflammation lead to changes in myocardium, resulting in apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of regular aerobic training along with garlic extract consumption on SOD, MDA, CAT, IL-10, and TNF-α levels in the heart tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease.

In this experimental study, 42 elderly male Wistar rats (48 to 50 weeks old) were selected and randomly assigned to (1) control, (2) Doxorubicin, (3) Doxorubicin-Saline, (4) Doxorubicin-Training, (5) Doxorubicin-Garlic, and (6) Doxorubicin-Garlic-Training (Combination) groups. Chronic kidney disease was induced with a subcutaneous injection of doxorubicin (8.5 mg/kg). The training program included swimming for eight weeks, three days a week, and thirty minutes per day. Doxorubicin-garlic and combination groups were gavaged with garlic extract (2.5 g /kg body weight). One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data (p <0.05).

The results showed that eight weeks of swimming training and garlic extract consumption and combination of training and garlic consumption significantly increased SOD, CAT and IL-10 levels, and significantly decreased MDA and TNF-α levels in the heart tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease (p ≤0.05).

Eight weeks of swimming training and garlic extract consumption and combination of training and garlic consumption had significant effect on increasing SOD, CAT and IL-10 levels, and decreasing MDA and TNF-α levels in the heart tissue of elderly rats with chronic kidney disease.

Recently, microbial super antigens have been reported in blood and synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Whether or not, the presence of these super antigens could provoke the induction of serologic diagnostic factors, including CrP in patients? the purpose of this study was to production and purification one of the super antigen C of Staphylococcus aureus and its effect on the induction of CrP in rat

Culture, Staphylococcus aureus super antigen C was purified by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra Centifugal Filter Device) and use specific antibody for immunoblotting confirmatory was carried out. The protein concentration was measured. 50 to 100 micrograms of toxin were injected intraperitoneal and intrasynovial into separate rat groups. In time course blood collection and CrP was tested. The results were analyzed.

The results showed that 50 to 100 μg of toxin intra-articular and intraperitoneal after 20 days inducted CrP production at 0.7 mg. After 40 days, this increased to 2. 2 and after 50 days to 4.5 mg. ANOVA analysis was shown the difference between the groups and with a significant level for groups (P≤ 0.001) and for the intervals of the effect of super antigen (P≤ 0.075), respectively.

The results indicate that the presence and survival of super antigen C of in the body of rats induced the production of CrP factor. Although this finding is an introduction to further research, it is likely to provide new ways to prevent and control inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.

Failure to observe proper sleep habits causes short-term changes in biological indices, hormonal activity, followed by overweight or obesity and diabetes in children. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of teaching sleep behaviors to mothers on sleep habits of young children kindergartens city of hamadan in 1396.

In this interventional study, 84 mothers of young children (in each group) were selected through cluster random sampling method of hamadan children's kindergartens. The data collection tool was a demographic and assessment of sleep habits of children of CSHQ questionnaire. In the experimental group, two sessions were delivered in the form of lectures, questions and answers and group discussions within a week, by three day interval about 50 minutes in groups of 10 to 15 people was held.The data were analyzed using spss software version 16, paired t-test and independent T-test.

There wasn't a significant difference between the mean scores in all areas and in the overall sleep problems of the experimental and control groups before intervention(p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of all domains and the problems of sleep in the children of the experimental and control groups after intervention (p <0.05).There was a significant difference between the mean scores of in all domains and the total sleep problems of children in the experimental group before and after the intervention (p <0.05).

Education of proper sleep habits to mothers can improve the quality of sleep in young children.

Some epidemiological evidence has shown the relationship between environmental air pollution and adverse health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily air pollution on daily cardiovascular mortality in Ahvaz city.

In this ecological study, air pollution data was inquired from the Ahvaz Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The mortality data was collected from the Health Deputy of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Using semi-parametric regression with Generalized additive models (GAM) was used to analyze the data with different lags of air pollutants for up to 7 days. An increase of 10 units in all pollutants except CO (1 unit) was used to compute the relative risk of deaths.

During March 2008 until March 2015, 10625 cardiovascular deaths occurred in Ahwaz, in which 6138 (57.8%) were male. The average number of daily, monthly, seasonal and annual deaths from cardiovascular diseases calculated 4.15, 126.49, 379.46, and 1517.86, respectively. Based on the analysis of the generalized additive model, the strongest correlation between NO2 and cardiovascular mortality was seen on lag 6, with a relative risk; RR = 1.007 and confidence interval; 95% CI: (1.002-1.012) for NO2. The correlation coefficient of NO2 with cardiac death was positive, significant and equal to 0.042 (P-value = 0.034). No significant relationship was found between the O3, SO2 and NO pollutants with the number of cardiovascular deaths. The increase in PM10 and CO levels had an inverse impact on the increase of cardiovascular mortality; and RR = 0.998, CI: (0.997-0.999) and RR = 0.989, CI: (0.979-0.999) for them, respectively.

The results of this study showed that NO2 air pollutant is associated with increase cardiovascular mortality in Ahvaz. Reduction of environmental air pollution can be effective in reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases and better life.

Otitis media is one of the most commonly reported diseases among patients referring to the ear, nose, and throat clinics around the world. Due to inadequate information on the frequency pattern of the disease-causing species in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province in southwestern Iran, this study was conducted to isolate and identify bacterial and fungal agents of disease in Yasuj city.

During the two-year period, 2017 and 2018, patients with ear infection, referred to ear, throat and nose Shahid Mofatteh Clinic, were sampled. The provided sample was divided into two parts. A part of the sample was used for direct testing and gram staining (bacterial and fungal elements were observed) and the second part was cultured in two sabouraud dextrose agar culture medium  with and without chloramphenicol at  least three points. Phenotypic methods were used to identify the bacterial and fungal agents.

Of the 341 patients studied, 40% were male and 60% were women aged 5 months to 90 years. The prevalence of fungal and microbial infection was 75% (46.5% fungal agents, 23.7% bacterial agents and 4.8% fungal and bacterial infection respectively) and the duration of the disease varied from two days to 29 years. The largest age range involved 31-40 (27%). 69.8% of patients were housewives and 74.6% had history of manipulating the ear canal with contaminated equipment. Major fungal causes of the disease were in the order of frequency, including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and important bacterial agents including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Concurrent infection with fungal and bacterial agents was observed in 16 (4.8%) patients.

Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common fungal and bacterial agents that were consistent with the pattern of frequency distribution of factors causing ear infections in Iran. Given that ear manipulation with external devices is one of the most important causes of infection in the present study, providing effective education to citizens can help reduce disease cases. In addition for teaching health tips and treatment, accurate laboratory diagnosis is necessary.

Psychiatric disorder is a disease in which patients suffer from emotional problems that these are visible in all aspect of patient’s life. So, the aim of this study was investigated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients referred to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, 2015-16.

This study was descriptive-analytic, cross-sectional. Statistical populations this research of referring patients admitted to the Farabi hospital in Kermanshah were recruited from 1st of April 2015 until the end of March 2016. Using random sampling, 275 subjects (approximately 10% of each disorder) were selected. The information required for research purposes was recorded for each patient in a pre-prepared checklist. The distribution of each psychiatric disorder and its related factors were determined. The criteria for entering the study included informed consent, referral of the patient during the mentioned period, and the completeness of his medical records in terms of the variables studied and the exit criteria included the lack of satisfaction, incompleteness of archival records of patients referred during this period. Data were analyzed by SPSS18 software and X2 -test. Significance level was 0.05.

The mean age of the patients was 39.39 ± 13.23 years. Of the patients studied 98 individuals (35.6%) were female and 177 individuals (64.4%) male. In terms of marital status, 116 individuals (42.2%) married, 130 individuals (47.3%) single and 29 individuals (10.5%) divorced were. The results of this study showed that schizophrenia 25.8% the most and Delirium disorder 1.5%, and in the next dementia 1.8% had the lowest prevalence. Also, bipolar disorder 19.3%; depressions 11.3% of the other common disorders were. Personality disorders and schizoaffective were identified as moderate prevalence with 8.4% and 7.3%, psychosis and post-traumatic stress with 6.9% for each, of the disorders with an average prevalence. Substance abuse was 4.7%, obsessive-compulsive personality 4%, and mental retardation 2. 2% were also low prevalence disorders.

Regarding the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders a, it is recommended that general knowledge be improved in order to better understand this disorder. Also, the results of this study can help health planners clarify mental health status, to design interventions related to prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of disorders. By raising the level of community awareness and conducting genetic counseling, mental retardation can be prevented to a great extent.

Diabetic pateints suffer from a variety of reproductive disorders, including loss of libido and disability in fertility. The therapeutic effects of medical herbs have been proven in the treatment of very diseases, including infertility. The present study has been done to investigate od the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum Tripedale on serum levels of sex hormones in diabetic male rats.

The animals used were 32 adult male rats that divided into four groups of 8. The normal control and diabetic control received distilled water, the sham and diabetic treated groups received 50 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum Tripedale respectively. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes. At the end of the course, blood samples were taken from all groups and blood samples were collected for serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone. The results were evaluated using one way ANOVA and Tukey test.

The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Nectaroscordum Tripedale in the diabetic treated group increased serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone.

The findings of this study showed the beneficial effects of the Nectaroscordum Tripedale plant on the secretion of sex hormones in diabetic rats, and therefore this plant can play a role in the treatment of infertility in diabetic patients.

Angiogenesis is the generation of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature. The angiogenic programme requires the degradation of the basement membrane, endothelial cell migration and invasion of the extracellular matrix, with endothelial cell proliferation and capillary lumen formation before maturation and stabilization of the new vasculature. Angiogenesis is dependent on a delicate equilibrium between endogenous angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. However, under pathological conditions, this tight regulation becomes lost which can result in the formation of the different diseases. Endostatin, a 20 kDa fragment of collagen XVIII, is a member of a group of endogenous antiangiogenic proteins activated by proteolytic processing. Endostatin inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and tube formation. Inhibitory action by endostatin has been proposed to involve binding to the receptor. The use of a fluorescent probe as a detector and its application in imaging methods is widely used. The use of fluorescence helps us to accurately count cells, cell surface receptors, or intracellular organelles. The number of fluorescent probes having traceability in in vitro and in vivo studies is very high. One of these probes is Fluorescein isothiocyanat (FITC) with a maximum absorption at 490 nm and a maximum emission at 525 nm. In this study, 27-amino acid fragment corresponding to the N-terminal domain of endostatin was labeled with fluorescence probes, FITC. Various conditions such as concentration, time, and temperature were tested to achieve the proper conditions for marking peptides. Unlabeled FITCs separated by gel filtration Chromatography method with sephedex G10. HUVECs are harvested and treated with conjugate samples (FITC-peptide) from gel filtration chromatography. After the required time, the cells were fixed on separate lamelles and the binding of labeled peptides to their receptors on HUVECs was analyzed by Fluorescence microscope. The purpose of this study is to use Conjugated peptides with FITC for detect the binding of a peptide derived from N-terminal of endostatin to vascular endothelial cells and also confirms the function of peptide after binding to FITC. Our findings by Fluorescence microscopy confirm binding antiangiogenic peptide to its specific receptor. The connection of the fluorescent probe to the peptide can be used as a suitable molecular tool for future studies in both the in vitro and in vivo domains.

Dextrocardia an abnormal heart condition in which the heart in the right hemothorax axis apex is located to the right .Dextrocardia is a rare malformation with an estimated 1 in 10,000 people. The aim of this study is to report a case of a pregnant woman with dextrocardia with hemangioma of the liver.

A 30 year’s old woman, first pregnancy, gestational age 34 weeks - with a history displacement Heart and abdominal viscus. Examination of echocardiography, Mitral valve failure was mild. And ultrasound, spleen and liver in the area LLQ and Rightward stomach and in the middle position (Cetus Inversus) And an Photo of the echogenic mass، It suggests hemangioma in the medial and hepatic region. The size of the hemangioma in this ultrasound is unchanged from the pre-pregnancy ultrasonography. Also, NT ultrasound and anomalies of normal scans and embryos have no abnormalities or displacements.

Despite the rare incidence of dextrocardia, if you suspect such cases Full physical examination and ultrasound should be performed.