نشریه اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی
پیاپی 28 (پاییز 1398)

Equipping and allocating resources to economic activities is done through the financial market where the bank credit market is part of that market. The high reserves of banks and the refurbished or overdue facilities indicate that the banking system does not use credit risk management tools well and that there is no proper model for managing credit risk in the banking network. The present study analyzed Islamic credit risk management tools using AHP method by analyzing the opinions of 32 Islamic banking experts including banking managers and university professors selected based on snowball technique. Using Expert choice software has prioritized. The results of the hierarchical analysis based on two measures of coverage and efficiency show that they are in the first to fifth rank as collateral and guarantee instruments, validation, commitment, credit derivatives and loan loss reserve respectively. From the subdivisions of Guarantee and Collateral, cash collateral is ranked first and employee collateral is ranked second. From the sub-categories of validation, capacity comes first and certifications come second. Of the financial and non-financial penalties, financial penalties are first and foremost, saving is first among the subdivisions of loan loss than collateral-dependent storage.</span></font></span>

One of the innovations of the last decade in the field of Islamic monetary and financial debates is the distribution of various types of Islamic securities called sukuk; these papers, which are mainly intended for government financing, government agencies and economic enterprises, are designed according to the Islamic treaty and are an appropriate alternative Bonded securities are especially classified as bonds. The issuance of securities (sukuk) based on the holy decrees of the Islamic Sharia is one of the most important achievements of Islamic banking and finance, and is one of the most prominent tools for the development of Islamic economics, provided that in its mechanisms all the fundamental principles that distinguish Islamic economics from other economies are observed To be The emergence and development of various types and classes of sukuk is mainly due to market demand. Sukuk can be classified in different ways. The division of sukuk can be based on agreements and contracts that are issued on the basis of the bonds or based on the nature and type of assets of the issue of publishing sukuk or its technical and commercial properties. In this paper, different categories of sukuk have been investigated based on various criteria. Based on these categorizations and with the comparison between the market of sukuk of Iran and the world, the present situation has been analyzed and policy recommendations for the development of the Sukuk market have been presented.

Urban and house management are two branches of practical wisdom which have complex sides thus in order to understand and accomplish in each point, special knowledge is required. Economy is one of the urban and house management sides witch had a great magnitude in the beliefs of senior scientists such as Ibn-e-Sina. Even so his opinions on the matter are few compared to his philosophy inscriptions but still significant. Social requirements and economical tensions of today’s rational world is a cause to review the Muslim philosophers opinions specially Ibn-e-Sina who is considered the leader of rational philosophers.The purpose of this article is to review his “resalat-Alsiasah” opinions descriptively which contains important economical point of views.The world economy in “resalat-Alsiasah” means moderation although writer uses the modern definition and overlooks Sinai’s

The present study regarding the serious struggle of religion with the phenomenon of poverty and the importance of an intergenerational transmission of poverty and its close relationship with increasing poverty level, has investigated the transmission among households coverd by Abdanan relief comittee(as  a group  of poor family). The research method was descriptive-analytic in the time period of 1393. The required information is collected through library resources and the combination of both fieldwork and Delphi methods. Depending upon research findings, the lower the income of parents, the more likely the children to grow poorer. Also, the lower the level of parents' literacy and the number of their children, the more poverty among their children will be. Children's high level of education was associated with their high income. Being woman as the guardian o family increases the possibility of a poor child. 79 percent of respondents in the Delphi method believed that government policies have increased the probability of reproduction of poverty.

For any science, apart from the issues and subjects that arise, there are goals and ultimates. Islamic economics is not excluded from this inclusive principle as a new science. Some of the experts in the field of Islamic economics have shown their goals, but so far no research has been done on the ultimate goals and functions of Islamic economics in the Qur'an, with emphasis on the views of Allamah Tabatabai. Therefore, in this article, by searching for ijtihdi and conceptual in the commentary system of Al-Mizan and other books and his works, as well as other works of Islamic thinkers, we seek to answer the question of what is the purpose and functions of Islamic economics in the Qur'an and from the perspective of Allāma Tabatabai? Findings of the research show that, firstly, considering the views of Allamah in credit and real sciences, it can be said that Islamic economics does not fully fit into any of the two categories, and it is with these two generality and peculiarity in some respect. Secondly, the documentary on Allameh's views can draw the attention of Islamic economics to the three ultimates of the final, intermediate, and preliminary levels, and the function is the intermediate goals which are the means to achieve the ultimate goals and are at the same level of objectivity and solidity, which is in fact the explanation, description and anticipation of the present situation (such as the theory of employment and the theory of the originality of society), the desirable situation (the economy of justice, the fair distribution of wealth, combined with growth, security and corruption, Beneficence of all), the pathology of the status quo and its analysis, and the prediction of the future (economic traditions in the Quran), as well as the ways of changing from the existing to the desirable (use of shari'a with reason, the simultaneous use of ethical capacity, jurisprudence and government).

Today, e-banking has opened up a new field in terms of speed, efficiency, cost savings and the use of fleeting opportunities. Obviously, the application of e-banking in the banking industry is useful when the investments made by banks in this field increase and improve their profitability and improve customer satisfaction.This research designed to investigate the relationship between e-banking and customers satisfaction Sirjan Township Melli Banks branches.This inquiry is an applied-base objective and  a correlative-base nature/ methodology. The  population comprises all the employees of the  above enterprse  The number of them addes up to 32178 individuals in 2017.The sample includes 380 subjects based upon Krejcie & Morgan Table (1970) which appointed in proportionate stratified random sampling.The data gathering tools have been 2 standard questionnaires.The findings show that the e-banking (also its components) are  positively and significantly related to customers satisfaction. Mean while ،in order to improve the e-banking and promoting customers satisfaction ،some constructive recommendations offered to the relevant authorities.

After more three decade of perform regulation of islamic banking, this question consider that why despite proof of role of interest rate in growth of inflation and existence doubt of juridical in method of payment of loan’s with interest, the wages loan ,just trivial measure of total loan in my country banking system and this group of convenience is not available for everyone. in this article with discussion a boat reason of confirmed this condition by definition a new legal  relation present a suitable alternative method for resolving this limitation for pay loan base wages and with using discursive juridical we show pay loan with this procedure is coincident with requirement facilities of Islamic banking and profits of people entrusted with new legal relation(proposal) is legitimate

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic factors on the ratio of non-performing loans of accepted banks in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the data of 8 banks and credit institutions from 1391 to 1396 in Tehran Stock Exchange and data panel regression method were used. The results of the study showed that the inflation rate and GDP have a negative and significant effect on the bank's outstanding claims. Moreover, the results indicated that the interest rate of the facility had a positive and significant effect on non-performing loans.

Banks are financial institutions that must create resources and expenditures through their activities that can continue to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their financial resources and expenditures. The main motivation of banks in the optimal allocation of resources and varietal services providing to customers like other economic institutions is income creating and profit earning. The aim of this study is to present a mathematical model according to mathematical programming models also to weave the Keshavarzi bank and in the year of 2016 which is the best year of combination of Resources (deposits) and Consumption (facilities) that while customer satisfaction, the most profitable for banks are to be followed. In this research, the sample size is equal to the statistical population and including all branches of Agricultural Bank of Kerman province. In this paper, the model is estimated by using of goal programming method.To collect data, we used the available information in Keshavarzi bank of Kerman province and some Win QSB software was used for analyzing this data. The results of the research showed that the profit from the goal programming method is 10.88% (288790 million Rials) more than the profit allocation in branches of agricultural bank of Kerman province. Therefore, it is recommended to use the results of this method to maximize bank profits.

Trading Opportunity is one of the most appropriate tools to reduce investment risk and return on trading is one of the most reliable tools for investing in risk and is an artist's tool for investors. The results of the research show that the deal deals can be less risky for investors. Because it exposes the investor to less financial liabilities than stocks, they also have less risk of trading because of their relative strength against issues such as the sudden daily decline in stock prices that are sometimes very disastrous.

Usury is one of the explicit prohibitions of the Islamic religion, which is sometimes even sanctioned by religious law, so the most important principle underlying the Islamic banking system is to sanction usury and eliminate usury from the system, so after the Islamic Revolution in Iran, the first step in To Islamize the bank's activities, the adoption of the Law on Banking Operations was useless. In this study, we were able to investigate the knowledge of Zahedan public bank employees regarding the credit conditions and the conditions of the loan usury. Invalid data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods in spss software. The findings of this study, after examining the validity and reliability, show that the mean of knowledge of public banks employees is higher than the average, without any difference in age and education from loan officers, but organizational position and bank training courses have significant effect on people's awareness. As a result, the greater the awareness, the more positive it has had a positive impact on the performance of the staff.