فصلنامه آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 51، پاییز 1398)

n recent years, special attention has been paid to insulin resistance mediators, such as adiponectin, that is produced and expressed during conception in placenta tissue, thereby inducing its effects on the growing embryo and the health of the mother. In this study, for the first time, Twenty four-month pregnant ewes within the same age were selected randomly. During the 21 days leading up to birth, oral administration of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) with dosages of 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg B.W. and sodium selenite with dosage of 0.1 mg/kg B.W. was carried out. At the same time the control group was fed distilled water in equal volume. With sampling of the placenta during childbirth, transcription amount of adiponectin gene was determined by RT PCR Real Time based on a comparison assay of 2-ΔΔCt. The results showed that the addition of selenium supplements to the diet of ewes of pregnant caused a significant decrease in the amount of adiponectin gene transcription, and the selenium nanoparticle suppression was significantly superior to sodium Selenite.

Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus are the most common protozoa causing small intestine abnormalities of dogs in different parts of the world including Iran. This study was designed to generate updated information about the presence and effect of some epidemiologic parameters on the prevalence of these protozoa. For this aim, 200 fecal samples of herding and guard dogs were collected randomly from different rural areas around Mahabad city and were referred to laboratories after stabilization with formalin and polyvinyl alcohol solutions. Samples were microscopically studied using concentration method followed by the trichrome-Gumurian and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. In general, 9 (4.5%) and 31 (15.5%) dogs were infected with Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus, respectively. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was observed in dogs less than 6 months (10.43%) and the lowest incidence was in the age group more than 4 years (1.54%). The highest levels of Giardia infection were found in the 6-12 months age group (25%) and the lowest in the 1-4 years age group (8.62%). The prevalence of infection with cryptosporidium and giardia in male dogs was 4.67% and 14.95%, respectively, and 4.30% and 16.13% in female dogs, respectively. The prevalence of both protozoa in male and female dogs as well as in different age groups was not statistically significant. There were no significant relation between age and gender with prevalence of both parasites. However, the level of infection with both Cryptosporidium and Giardia protozoa in dogs with inappropriate sanitation was higher than those with proper health status, but this difference was not statistically significant.Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus are the most common protozoa causing small intestine abnormalities of dogs in different parts of the world including Iran. This study was designed to generate updated information about the presence and effect of some epidemiologic parameters on the prevalence of these protozoa. For this aim, 200 fecal samples of herding and guard dogs were collected randomly from different rural areas around Mahabad city and were referred to laboratories after stabilization with formalin and polyvinyl alcohol solutions. Samples were microscopically studied using concentration method followed by the trichrome-Gumurian and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. In general, 9 (4.5%) and 31 (15.5%) dogs were infected with Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus, respectively. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was observed in dogs less than 6 months (10.43%) and the lowest incidence was in the age group more than 4 years (1.54%). The highest levels of Giardia infection were found in the 6-12 months age group (25%) and the lowest in the 1-4 years age group (8.62%). The prevalence of infection with cryptosporidium and giardia in male dogs was 4.67% and 14.95%, respectively, and 4.30% and 16.13% in female dogs, respectively. The prevalence of both protozoa in male and female dogs as well as in different age groups was not statistically significant. There were no significant relation between age and gender with prevalence of both parasites. However, the level of infection with both Cryptosporidium and Giardia protozoa in dogs with inappropriate sanitation was higher than those with proper health status, but this difference was not statistically significant.Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus are the most common protozoa causing small intestine abnormalities of dogs in different parts of the world including Iran. This study was designed to generate updated information about the presence and effect of some epidemiologic parameters on the prevalence of these protozoa. For this aim, 200 fecal samples of herding and guard dogs were collected randomly from different rural areas around Mahabad city and were referred to laboratories after stabilization with formalin and polyvinyl alcohol solutions. Samples were microscopically studied using concentration method followed by the trichrome-Gumurian and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. In general, 9 (4.5%) and 31 (15.5%) dogs were infected with Cryptosporidium and Giardia genus, respectively. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was observed in dogs less than 6 months (10.43%) and the lowest incidence was in the age group more than 4 years (1.54%). The highest levels of Giardia infection were found in the 6-12 months age group (25%) and the lowest in the 1-4 years age group (8.62%). The prevalence of infection with cryptosporidium and giardia in male dogs was 4.67% and 14.95%, respectively, and 4.30% and 16.13% in female dogs, respectively. The prevalence of both protozoa in male and female dogs as well as in different age groups was not statistically significant. There were no significant relation between age and gender with prevalence of both parasites. However, the level of infection with both Cryptosporidium and Giardia protozoa in dogs with inappropriate sanitation was higher than those with proper health status, but this difference was not statistically significant.

The goal of this research was to clearly elucidate the effects of centrifugation and cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) on a soy lecithin-based extender on post-thaw ram sperm quality. Sperm samples of 5 adult ram of Ghezel were collected for 3 weeks. After the initial assessment, the approved semen samples were combined and divided into 8 equal parts in the Falcon tube. Four samples were combined at 30°C and the seminal plasma was then removed by centrifugation. The semen from the other four tubes was not centrifuged and was diluted with Tris buffer + different concentrations of CLC (0, 0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg / 120 x 106 spermatozoa) and 7% glycerol, similar to the first group.The sample was then cooled to 5 ° C and frozen in a 0.25 ml of straws. After thawing, total motility (TM) and PM, VSL, VCL, BCF, TAC, SOD, MDA, GPX, the integrity of the acrosome membrane and the integrity of the plasma membrane were significantly (P

Peste-des-petits ruminants, is an important viral contagious disease of sheep and goat. Considering the importance of PPR in Sistan region, its economic disadvantages consequence of mortality and treatment expenses, the high consumption of animal meat in the traditional way of slaughter in this area and lack of adequate supervision on animal health, present study was conducted with the aim of histopathological investigation of this disease in sheep and goats of Sistan region. Tissue specimens from mouth, lungs, intestines and lymph nodes of 30 cases from suspected flocks were collected and after tissue processing were microscopically examined. In microscopic investigation, lesions were observed in 9 specimens. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and Kappa test. The incidence of infection in sheep and goats was %33.25 and% 38/88, respectively and significant association was observed between species and lesions such as multinucleated inflammatory cells accumulation and syncytial cells formation (p

Listeria monocytogenes is a short bacillus, Gram-positive, spore-free and optional intracellular parasite, which transmitted through contaminated vegetables, milk, cheese and meat to human. Obtained immunoglobulin Y (IgY) from immunized egg yolk is a great and cheap source for polyclonal antibodies. These antibodies can be an appropriate replacement for other antibodies that produce by the other laboratory animals. Recent years in human medicine researches, IgY is applied to diagnosis, preventing and treatment of disease. In current study12 Hy - line laying hens were divided into 2 groups: Control group (2 hens) and Treatments (10 hens) and Treatments immunized with Listeria monocytogenes antigens in 3 steps once a week. Then, after collecting eggs and measuring total protein and yolk globulins at weeks 9,10 and 11 after the first injection, it was observed that there was no significant difference in both parameters at 9 and 10 weeks, while they showed a significant difference compared to the control group (p

Sialic acid (SA), an acetylated derivative of neuroaminic acid, is widely distributed in mammals’ tissues. Since SA is usually bound to glycoproteins, glycolipids, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, small amount of it is free in the body. Moreover, SA is an important structural component of biological membrane. It was also widely found in bacteria and animal tissues. Sialic acid concentration increases rapidly following the inflammatory and injury process. The mechanism inducing SA increase is not clearly understood. However, investigators have reported that SA localised at the end chain of many acute phase proteins can be used as marker for the determination acute phase protein concentration.

The effect of retained fetal membrane (RFM) on plasma Sialic acid activity was studied on 60 postpartum Holstein dairy cows with ELISA from 3 weeks before calving to 1 week after calving as named transitional period, weekly.

There was a significant between the RFM and healthy groups in the amount of Sialic acid in two weeks to calving and also after calving. There was a significant difference in the trend of variation of Sialic acid concentration during different weeks in each group.

The results indicated that upper plasma Sialic acid activity is associated with RFM in the early postpartum period and can use as a RFM diagnostic parameter beside other diagnostic parameters in dairy cows.

Induced lipolysis by negative energy balance causes an increase in milk fat, a decrease in milk protein, and also as a consequence an increase in milk fat to protein ratio (FPR). The objective of this study was to evaluate available data in each milk record such as fat, protein and their ratio, somatic cell count (SCC) and the history of dairy cows in order to determine pregnancy risk (PR) till 120 days in milk (DIM). Therefore, the information of 1,279 primiparous and multiparous Holstein dairy cows was collected on days 30 and 60 of DIM and near the first artificial insemination (AI) postpartum. The results illustrated the amount of milk fat, protein and FPR on day 30 of DIM in non-pregnant and pregnant groups were (2.67±1.2, 2.62±1.04 and 1.01±0.4) and (2.87±1.16, 2.76±0.95 and 1.03±0.36), on day 60 of DIM were (2.87±1.06, 2.7±0.86 and 1.06±0.35) and (2.97±1.15, 2.73±0.9 and 1.08±0.36), and near the first AI were (2.62±1.2, 2.53±1.04 and 1.03±0.4) and (2.8±1.24, 2.63±1.01 and 1.06±0.5), respectively, in which their effects on PR till 120 DIM were significant at two sampling times (p<0.05). The effect of SCC at day 60 of DIM on PR till 120 DIM was also significant (p=0.023); but none of the milk constituents and SCC had constant effect when analyzed by Logistic regression. Seasons of calving (p=0.02) and AI (p=0.00), previous DIM (p=0.001) and milk production (p=0.016) were analyzed by COX model and it was demonstrated that only previous DIM (p=0.021, Odds ratio=0.985) and season of AI (p=0.040, Odds ratio= 7.5) had significant effect on pregnancy till 120 DIM. The result of the present study shows that the effect of previous DIM and season of AI are significant on pregnancy till 120 DIM, but milk constituents had no effect on it.

Borago officinalis L. is a plant of Boraginaceae family, which commonly can be applied in medicinal uses. The oil of this plant is rich in essential compounds, which can likely to change the ruminal fermentation pattern. Hence, the oil of borago officinalis L. (after flowering) extracted by Soxhlet apparatus, were investigated at four different levels (0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mg/ml) on some ruminal fermentation parameters in an in vitro batch culture. After oil addition, there was no change in gas production parameters (with exception for constant rate of gas production), microbial mass yield, efficiency of microbial mass synthesis, partitioning factor and protozoal population of the culture medium, but pH was significantly (linear, p=0.04) decreased compared to the control group, and total volatile fatty acids increased (linear, p=0.0006) subsequently. Also, methane yield decreased significantly (linear, p=0.0005) when level of oil increased in the medium, but in contrast, the degradability of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber increased. The overall results showed that the oil extracted from Borago officinalis L. can modify the ruminal fermentation pattern responsible for animal performance and reduce the emission of methane gas. Also, it seems that 0.45 (mg/ml) of oil has the most effect on the fermentation pattern.