فصلنامه محیط زیست جانوری
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1398)

Asiatic Cheetah, which is critically endangered subspecies has survived only in arid habitats of the central plateau of Iran to less than 40 populations. The species population in the center of Iran, which mainly includes Yazd Province, has had the highest population decline and has lost the population dynamics. Hence, 2.9 million hectares of Yazd province’s habitats in which the species has been extinct locally were investigated for climate change over a 14-year period, from 2001 to 2014. In this study, firstly, we used the Maximum Entropy method to model the Asiatic Cheetah suitable habitat. Then, by using the Modis time series method, we identified the maximum land surface temperature and the weather stations data were used to finding the total annual precipitation changes. Assessment of the maximum temperature changes in the cheetah habitats showed that the average temperature increased by 24 percent of the study area during this period. Also, some parts of the southern part of the study area had an obvious reduction of the total annual precipitation. However, the study results showed that climate change factors, including changes in the maximum land surface temperature and total annual precipitation variations, during the study period, were not significant. Therefore, the most important reasons for the reduction of Asiatic cheetah population dynamics in the study area, during the study period are non-climatic factors.

Today, as population growth has caused extensive destruction of wildlife habitats, conservation and extension of habitats has an important role in preserving wildlife and, consequently, biodiversity. And by assessing the habitat, the quality of the habitat can be achieved easily. The protected area of Sangemes is one of the best and safest habitats of Jebir in Kerman province. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors on Gazella bennettii 's visibility using the HEP method during the years 2016 to 2017 for spring (The promise of forgiveness), summer (heat and dehydration) and autumn (mating period). The main variables used to evaluate the habitat of the Gazella bennettii species are slope, elevation, aberration, geochemistry, distance to the water source, middle valleys. At first, the habitat was divided into three stations (mountains, hill and plains), then the variables of the index were determined using the HEP method. The results of the region's assessment were shown using the HEP method; Hill habitat in spring-summer season with HSI index, 0.89 is more desirable than other parts. Among the variables used, the biomass variability in all seasons was higher for both stations, which indicates the region's richness for species nutrition. From the results of this study, conservation and management measures can be used to increase the level of desirable habitats in Kerman province.

The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricate) is important species and a critically endangered species. In present study reproductive ecology and biology of hawksbill turtle from Ommolgorm Island in Mond Protected Area investigated in 2017. During monitoring period, 110 turtles were biometry that 41 of them have been successful nesting.  The results showed that mean of nest length, width and depth were recorded 110.76±16.65, 99.45±11.90 and 55.3±8.5cm. Carapace curved length and width were 70.25±3.75 and 64.72±3.08cm, mean of total number eggs was 108±11.5, mean of normal and abnormal eggs number, diameter and weight were 74±3.9, 37.9 ±2.1 mm and 28.85±3.82gr, and 26.9±6.25, 20.6±2.6mm and 11.1±3.85gr, respectively. Mean of hatchling length, width and weight were recorded 38.1±1.97mm, 29.95±1.45mm and 12.4±0.97gr. Incubation period, egg hatching percentage and death embryos were calculated 62.5±14.9 days, 52.45±14.9% and 19.4±6.4 embryo, respectively. Results showed that the hawksbill turtles in ommolgorm Island are similar to other area of the Persian Gulf in some reproduction characters, while they are smaller than other hawksbill turtles in the world. The mean of total number eggs in this island was more than other coastal in the Persian Gulf and close to global mean.

This study aimed to identify and determine the species diversity of fish in the Arizin creek in the east of Hormozgan province for one year in 1395. Sampling of fish by trawls boat and was done seasonally. In this study, 41 species belonging to 30 genus and 26 families were identified. The greatest abundance and diversity were related to Leiognathidae and Clupeidae families with 19.2 and 15.3 percent respectively. The most frequent species in the spring season, Thryssa vitrirostris 45.8 %, Summer leiognathus fasciatus 36.3 %, autumn, Gerres filamentosus 20.8% and in winter leiognathus fasciatus13.2 %, respectively. The abundance of fish in the spring with other seasons, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) planktonic feeder species were the most frequent in the spring. In other seasons, fish with small carnivorous diet and Hunter were more abundant. Families Leiognathidae, Platycephalidae, Gerreidae, Sillaginidae and Haemulidae samples were collected in all seasons. Shannon diversity index was highest and lowest values in winter and spring with 1.33 and 0.86, respectively. Also the highest richness index was 4.5 and 2.64, respectively, in the winter and spring and maximum value evenness were 0.42 and 0.31 in the winter and spring.