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سال پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 17، بهار 1398)

Illness acceptance, stress and how to cope with it, are some of the important issues playing a crucial rule in illness prognosis, physical and psychological wellbeing of chronic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on illness acceptance and coping strategies in Systematic Lupus Erythematosus patients. This quasi-experimental study was carried out with a pre-test, post-test , and follow-up with the control group. The sample was included 16 Lupus patients who were referred to the Rheumatology clinic of Alzahra hospital in Isfahan.The sample was selected by using the available sampling method and patients were assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group received 8 sessions of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction. Control group had not been received the intervention.Chronic Illness Acceptance Questionnaire and the short form of Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations were used to collect data. After the end of intervention, both groups were tested again in post-test and 30 days afterward in follow-up phases. The data were analyzed by using Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the intervention was effective in increasing activity engagement but it could not be effective for increasing willingness. The intervention was effective to increase the use of problem-focused coping and decrease the use of emotional-focused coping. The intervention was also successful in decreasing the use of avoidant coping. Overall, Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction can be a beneficial treatment to increase illness acceptance and enhancing coping strategies in patients with Lupus.

In recent years, causal studies have emphasized the role of biological, psychosocial, and spiritual dimensions in the emergence and exacerbation of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of spirituality and forgiveness in psychological symptoms in patients with coronary heart patients. The research method was a study in which 96 patients admitted to the hospitals and clinics of medical diagnosis of coronary heart disease in 1396, were selected by purposive sampling method. To collect information from questionnaires spiritual tendencies (Sharifi, Mehrabi), passed Questionnaire (Worthington, Hook & Witvliet) and a short form of Mental Indications (Dora) was used. Data analysis with statistical methods, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis to be performed. The results showed that therewas a negative correlation between the dimensions of spirituality and psychological symptoms. Psychological symptom subscales whit spiritual beliefs, a sense of achievement spiritual, and religious self-realization, spiritual and social activities had a significant negative relationship . Symptoms subscales as well as psychological and emotional dimensions of forgiveness decision had a significant negative correlation. Variables spirituality and forgiveness predict a significant role in reducing the symptoms were psychological. The Results can be inspired by spirituality and forgiveness-based training programs for mental health promotion in different patients benefited.

Abstract The purpose of the present research was investigating developmental trend of hope and its components in employees from 20 to 60 ages. Accordingly, the research was carried out in the form of a cross-sectional study and causal-comparative design. For this purpose, among the employees of Markazi Province Electeric Distribution Company 250 persons in 4 age groups from first half of young-age to second half of middle-age were selected based on convenience sampling, and Snyder Hope Scale performed for them. In order to create more age differentiation between under examination groups, people with 30, 40, and 50 ages were eliminated from examination, and finally persons between 20 to 30 ages (n=54), between 30 to 40 ages (n=52), between 40 to 50 ages (n=49), between 50 to 60 ages (n=48),were examined. The results of Multivariate Analysis of Variance indicated that there was significant difference in the liner composition of pathways and agency thinking of studied groups. Univariate analysis of variance also indicated that there was significant difference between groups only in pathways thinking and not in agency thinking. The pairwise comparisons of least significant differences (LSD) also indicated that second half of young-age and first half of middle-age have highest rate of pathways thinking, and second half of middle-age has lowest rate of it. In conclusion , empowering the hope and pathways thinking in second half of middle-age and terminal years of job period must be paid attention, and be applied necessary programs and educations in this field.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Self-Regulation strategies training on increasing students' happiness. The research method was quasi-experimental. It also utilized pretest-posttest and follow up design with control group. The sample consisted of 60 high school male and female students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instrument was Oxford happiness questionnaire which the students completed in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 45 minutes Self-Regulation strategies training. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures showed that the differences between mean score of happiness of the experimental group and the control group after training was significant (p≤0.01). The results of the post hoc test showed that the mean score of happiness in the post-test and follow-up stages was higher than the pre-test and the mean score of girls’ happiness in the post-test and follow-up stages was higher than boys in the same stages. According to these results, it is concluded that training Self-Regulation strategies can be effective in enhancing students' academic achievement.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in the present. Positive psychological states related to positive outcomes for cardiovascular health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of happiness training on general health and hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in coronary patients. The present study was a randomized design with a random sampling of 50 subjects from the statistical population of the coronary arteries in two groups of experimental and attention control. Measurements were performed in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Instruments included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28) and the hs-CRP quantitative detection kit. Data were analyzed using, analysis of variance for repeated measures was used. According to the results, general health outcomes, there were significant difference between two groups in measurement stages, but hs-CRP had no significant changes. Happiness intervention is effective on the general health of the cardiac patients and could lead to changes in subscales of this variable. Considering the importance of general health and its subscales, the findings of the present study can lead applicable implications for cardiac patients and specialists.

Development of changes in virtues and character strengths in Adulthood: Regarding gender differencesAbstractThe purpose of this study was investigating development of virtues and character strengths in adults during emerging adulthood through middle adulthood in women and men of Isfahan. Research was planned in the framework of cross-sectional research in the form of a comparative causal research design. Using available sampling method a sample of 340 (170 females and 170 males) was selected from four age groups (18-29, 30-39, 40- 49 and 50-59 year-olds) and completed the Valuse In Action Inventory of Strengths(Peterson and Seligman, 2003). Findings revealed that the majority of character strengths changed over time. In terms of creativity, perspective and love of learning, honesty, perseverance and zest, social intelligence, self-regulation, prudence and humility, hope, humor and gratitude, fairness and citizenship increased in the age group of 30-39, but decreased in the 50-59 year olds. Also, there was a significant difference between men and women; women had higher mean scores. The results showed that in all character strengths, women of all age groups scored higher than men. Independent t-test results showed that courageous, prosperity and judgment (critical thinking) were significant in 18-29 year olds, self-regulation in 30 to 39 year olds, bravery, perseverance, honesty, love and forgiveness in 40-49year olds.