Journal of Clinical Research in Paramedical Sciences
Volume:8 Issue: 2, Dec 2019

Physical limitations in patients with heart failure (HF) affect their emotional functioning, and ultimately deteriorates their quality of life and decrease their self-esteem. Patient imagery and emotion regulation are two important components of cognitive and emotional processes that relate to patient's self-esteem. Therefore, a sensible way to improve the self-esteem of patients with HF is education through a group discussion.

Our goal was to obtain information about the impact of interventional education through a group discussion on the self-esteem of patients with HF attending Imam Ali Cardiovascular Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2016 with 80 eligible individuals selected using convenience sampling method, and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Clinical data of patients were collected from their medical information record. A demographic questionnaire and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used to collect demographic information and self-esteem data, respectively. All patients in the intervention group underwent 8 sessions of education through a group discussion. The statistical software R-3.2.3 was used to analyze the data.

There was a significant difference between patients’ self-esteem in the control and intervention group after the intervention (P < 0.001), and educational intervention through a group discussion improved self-esteem in the intervention group, as the mean level of patients’ self-esteem improved from 12.03 before intervention to 10.90 after intervention. Furthermore, the mean of the patient's self-esteem increased by 0.55, 0.23, and 0.25, respectively for value, individual ability, and satisfaction in the intervention group.

It is recommended that educational interventions through a group discussion be used to improve the self-esteem of these patients.

Performing exercises or playing sports with an incorrect technique can cause musculoskeletal injuries.

The present study was conducted to compare the hamstring to quadriceps activation ratio when landing in a two-way spike in female volleyball players.

In this cross-sectional study, 15 elite female volleyball players performed triple jump spikes (TJS) with their toe in and in a neutral ankle position. Electromyography (EMG) was used to measure the muscle activity of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, vastus medialis and vastus lateralis in two phases before and after the initial contact. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test at the significance level of P < 0.05.

The ratio of biceps femoris activity to vastus medialis (P = 0.04) and vastus lateralis (P = 0.04) activities in TJS with a toe-in ankle decreased significantly in the feed-back phase and the ratio of semitendinosus activity to vastus lateralis activity also decreased significantly in the feed-forward phase of TJS with a natural ankle angle (P = 0.02).

A lower muscle activity ratio for biceps femoris to vastus lateralis and medialis in the toe-in position may lower hamstring muscle support from the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) after landing, which might increase the risk of ACL injury when landing.

The aim of the present research was to investigate the effects of endurance continuous training (ECT), circuit resistance training (CRT), high intensity interval training (HIT) on fibrinogen and plasma viscosity in young obese men.

For this purpose, 44 young obese men voluntarily participated in the study, and randomly assigned into (CRT; n = 11), (ECT; n = 11), and (HIT; n = 11), and control group (Con; n = 11). ECT was done with 70% VO2max, while, HIT performed with 6 set of 3 minutes running at 90% of VO2max. Also, CRT was done at 11 stations with 20% 1RM, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Blood samples were gathered before and after training protocols and fibrinogen and viscosity were measured in the plasma. To analyze the fibrinogen and viscosity, the blood samples were taken before and 72 hours after the last session of exercises.

The results showed that there is no significant difference between, HIT and CRT in the fibrinogen and viscosity after training (P > 0.05). However, the fibrinogen decreased significantly in the CRT (P = 0.001), HIT (P = 0.001) and ECT (P = 0.035) than control. Also, viscosity significantly decreased in the CRT (P = 0.001), HIT (P = 0.002) and ECT (P = 0.002) than control.

Finally, it can be said that none of continuous endurance, circuit resistance and high intensity interval training is preferable to improve plasma fibrinogen and viscosity. Although, they can reduce the levels of these indicators after 12 weeks.

High prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and their control among personnel is one of the most important concerns for ergonomics experts across the globe. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders is among national priorities of many countries.

This study aimed to determine and compare the effect of educational interventions based on brochure and virtual education in compliance with principles of ergonomics in operating room technologist.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with experimental groups (brochures and virtual education) and a control group with pre-test and post-test design. One hundred operating room technologists of Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected with simple random sampling method and assigned randomly to three groups. Data were collected by REBA checklist, and analyzed using Wilcoxon and U Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests in SPSS V.20.

The results showed that statistically significant differences among the three groups of control, brochures and virtual (P = 0.0001). Education was more effective in the virtual group in comparison to the brochure group (P = 0.0002). There was a statistically significant difference between control and brochure groups (P = 0.0001).

This study showed the effectiveness of teaching interventions based on brochure and virtual methods in compliance with ergonomics principles, therefore, it is recommended to use these methods instead of conventional methods to prevent complications of musculoskeletal disorders.

 The purpose of this study was to investigate the research framework on the effect of physical activity on cardiovascular markers (C-reactive protein (CRP) and Homocysteine (HCY)), and to conduct an optimal compilation to present better information from previous studies.
Evidence Acquisition: In this study, a number of articles were searched in specialized databases and 30 articles were selected based on entry and exit criteria. Then the responses to one bout of aerobic activity and one bout of resistance activity and adaptability with aerobic training and resistance training were studied.

Various studies have shown a reverse and significant relationship between regular physical activity and inflammatory indices, and reported that those who are physically more active and have better physical fitness have lower levels of inflammatory indices.

The present study showed that regular physical activity has a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of physical activity, regular exercise and regular physical activity play an important role in reducing inflammatory indices, and aerobic exercises can be a useful and appropriate strategy for coping with inflammatory and cardiovascular risk factors.

Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension are global health concerns.

The purpose of this study was the effect of intensive aerobic training with vitamin C supplementation on myeloperoxidase (MPO), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), and blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive men.

Forty hypertensive men (age: 44.6 ± 3.5 y, body mass index: 28.2 ± 1.2 kg.m-2) volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly divided into four groups of aerobic training with vitamin C (ATV; N = 10), aerobic training with placebo (ATP; N = 10), vitamin C group (VC; N = 10) and control (Con; N = 10). The exercise training consisted of running training, which was done three times a week for 10 weeks, with the intensity of 75% - 85% HR max, and the duration of 20 - 45 minutes. ATP and VC groups consumed daily 500 mg of vitamin C or placebo. Fasting blood samples were measured before the start training protocol and 24 hour after last training sessions to measure MPO and ADMA in the serum.

The results of present study showed that ADMA and BP were significantly decreased only in ATV and ATP (P ≤ 0.05). However, MPO did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Also, were seen that no significant difference between ATV and ATP groups (P > 0.05).

It can be concluded that, aerobic training caused to decrease of dimethyl arginine, that can be a good strategy for control or decrease of blood pressure in hypertensive subjects, however intensive aerobic training with vitamin C may have better efficacy.

Depression is one of the most probable side effects of myocardial infarction (MI) besides its sudden occurrence, and is affected by various factors, such as personality traits.

Hence, the present study was conducted to compare 10-item and 60-item big five inventories in explaining the symptoms of depression in patients with acute MI.

The study population in this cross-sectional study comprised 250 patients with MI in Iran. The patients responded to 60-item NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), 10-item Big Five Inventory- Short Version (BFI-SV), and depression subscale from Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) from April to September 2018. Data was analyzed using chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis.

Patients’ mean age (69.2% males) was 62.1 ± 11.1 years. The results showed a significant relationship between depression and factors of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness in BFI-SV and factors of extroversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness in NEO-FFI (P < 0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that BFI-SV explained 6.7% and NEO-FFI explained 5.8% of the variance of depression score (P < 0.05).

BFI-SV explains the symptoms of depression in patients with MI as much as NEO-FFI. Thus, the researchers can use the 10-item version to assess the personality traits of patients with MI in future studies.

Aging, if accompanied by a sedentary lifestyle, can result in different diseases including cardiovascular diseases. Klotho, a protein found in the kidneys and other tissues of the body, is influenced by age and level of physical activity. In this paper, using 66 papers published in PubMed and SID between 1997 and 2018, we examined the mechanism of action of Klotho on cardiac hypertrophy under senescence conditions. Studies have shown that aging results in the development of oxidative stress as well as increased MAPK and TRPC6. These factors push the heart towards pathological hypertrophy, where deficiency of Klotho accelerates this trend. Nevertheless, exercise training causes enhanced Klotho levels. This protein is able to inhibit oxidative stress as an upstream factor in the activity of MAPK and TRPC6.