فهرست مطالب

Multidisciplinary Cancer Investigation - Volume:3 Issue: 4, Oct 2019

Multidisciplinary Cancer Investigation
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Oct 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/07/09
  • تعداد عناوین: 3
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  • Akram Sajadian*, Elham Razmpoosh, Farshid Alaeddini, Maryam Bassiri Pages 5-12
    Introduction

    The diagnosis of cancer involves the patients, their caregivers, and families. Caregivers should obtain guidance from health care professionals to promote care facilities. The current study aimed at investigating the economic, socio-individual, informational, and psycho-spiritual problems of caregivers in post-treatment phase of breast cancer.

    Methods

    The present descriptive study was conducted on 251 subjects using a ques- tionnaire consisted of demographic part and the caregivers’ difficulties. Answers were estimated based on a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.

    Results

     Totally, 42% and 37% of participants were spouses and close relatives, re- spectively; 97%, 89%, and 74% of caregivers had psychological, economic, and spiri- tual problems, respectively. All of the caregivers had individual, emotional, physical, economic, and informational problems with care giving (P<0.0001). Significant rela- tionships were observed between the employee group and individual, emotional, infor- mational, and economic problems (P<0.0001). There were significant negative relation- ships between either of the occupational, educational, relationship, caregiving duration, and marital status with spiritual problems (P<0.0001). Significant correlation was ob- served between the duration of caring and the socio-individual, physical, informational and economic problems (P<0.0001).

    Conclusions

    Although the current study reported insignificant relationships between the socio-individual, informational, and psycho-spiritual problems of caregivers and some demographic variables, related positive trends were observed. Future studies with powerful strategies are needed to alleviate the observed concerns.

    Keywords: Caregivers, Spouses, Breast Neoplasms, Iran
  • Naser Safdarian*, Mohammadreza Hedyezadeh Pages 13-24
    Introduction

    In this paper, a method is presented to classify the breast cancer masses according to new geometric features.

    Methods

    After obtaining digital breast mammogram images from the digital database for screening mammography (DDSM), image preprocessing was performed. Then, by using image processing methods, an algorithm was developed for automatic extracting of masses from other normal parts of the breast image. In this study, 19 final different features of each image were extracted to generate the feature vector for classifier input. The proposed method not only determined the boundary of masses but also classified the type of masses such as benign and malignant ones. The neural network classification methods such as the radial basis function (RBF), probabilistic neural network (PNN), and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) as well as  the Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy classification,  the  binary  statistic  classifier,  and  the  k-nearest  neighbors  (KNN) clustering algorithm were used for the final decision of mass class.

    Results

    The best results of the proposed method for accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity metrics were obtained 97%±4.36, 100%±0 and 96%±5.81, respectively for support vector machine (SVM) classifier.

    Conclusions

    By comparing the results of the proposed method with the results of the other previous methods, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm was reported.

    Keywords: Classification, Breast Neoplasms, Electronic Data Processing, Image Processing, Computer- Assisted, Pattern Recognition, Autom- ated
  • Mahboobeh Akbarizare, Hamideh Ofoghi*, Mahnaz Hadizadeh Pages 25-32
    Introduction

     Microalgae  are  known  for  their  bioactive  compounds  with  potential applications as antimicrobial, antiaging, and anticancer activities. Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) is a filamentous and photosynthetic microorganism that has 25 kinds of vitamins and minerals that contain many compounds with biotic activity such as alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and saponins. Saponins are mainly present in plants; while there are few studies about their role in microalgae. This study aims to investigate the anticancer potential of extracted saponins from S. platensis.

    Methods

    Saponins were extracted; using distilled water and n-butanol. The total extracted saponin was dried and weighed. The cellular viability of HepG2, MCF-7, and MDA- MB-123 cell lines was evaluated; using MTT assay after 24 h treatment with 0.02-2 mg/ ml of saponins extracted from S. platensis.   Morphology of cell lines was evaluated by invert microscopy.

    Results

    Total saponin extracted from S. platensis was estimated at 28±0.0005 mg/g dry wt. Thin-layer chromatography profiles showed four bands for saponins with Rf values of 0.44, 0.48, 0.50, and 0.55. The cytotoxic activity after 24 h treatment with 0.02-2 mg/ml of saponins was a concentration-dependent manner. The highest toxicity of saponins with IC50=0.22 mg/ml was observed in MDA-MB-123 cells. In HepG2 and MCF-7 cells IC50 value was obtained in 0.35 mg/ml and 0.4 mg/ml, respectively.

    Conclusions

    This is the first report to evaluate the anticancer effects of saponins from S. platensis in liver and breast cancers. The result showed that saponins from Spirulina decrease cancer cellular viability. Therefore, these compounds can be a candidate for anticancer  agents.

    Keywords: Microalgae, Antineoplastic Agents, Saponins, Spirulina, Chromatography, Thin Layer