مجله تحقیق در علوم دندانپزشکی
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 62، زمستان 1398)

One of the most common complications in the treatment of fixed orthodontics during treatment is periodontal problems. Different therapies such as mouthwashes, antibiotics and today laser therapy are used to treat periodontal problems in orthodontic patients. The aim of  this study, is that we evaluated the effect of the Diode laser on the number of four periopathogen microorganisms.

In this experimental study, 12 patients with fixed orthodontic appliance without gingivitis and periodontitis were selected. The left and right second premolar teeth were considered as case and control groups. After periodontal examinations, before and after the laser, were taken GCF sample and After 2 weeks and 6 weeks after laser irradiation, samples were re-sampled and transferred to the laboratory. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney statistical tests

The mean of the four kind of preopatogen immediately after laser radiation decreased significantly. (P<0.001)And this decrease continued after two weeks, but after six weeks only the mean of the number of Prevotella intermedia  (P=0.008) and porphyrpmonas gingivali (P=0.002) decreased significantly.

lasertherapy is effective in the reduction of the number of preopatogenic microorganisms in gingival crevicular fluid of fixed orthodontics patients without inflammation which this effect last for a shorter period in cases of Actinomyces comitans,Actinomyces odontolyticus

Given the prevalence of microleakage in composites and their known complications and lack of reporting of the influence of cavity depth and diameter on the same c-factor on the microleakage of composite cavities, this study investigated the effect of microleakage on composite cavities in identical C Factors.

In this experimental study on 40 specimen (4 group of 10 each ) Cylindrical cavities with different volumes were prepared using diamond bur no. 006 in buccal surface of teeth (c-factor = 5). Height and width of cavities, respectively: Group I: Height and diameter 2 mm. groupII: height 2 and diameter 4 mm. Group III: height 4 and diameter 2 mm. Group IV: height and diameter 4 mm. All teeth were then restored with the same procedure. The specimens were then placed in a thermocyclic machine.The microleakage was  evaluated using 50% weight silver nitrate findings were statishtically evaluated with kruscallwallis test considering significant level of 0.05.

There was no significant difference between Gingival leakages in 4 groups (p = 0.163). There was a significant difference between 4 groups in occlusal leakage and groups 1 with 2, 2 with 3 and 2 with 4 revealed differences significantly.(P=0.019) Comparing gingival and occlusal microleakage between groups 1,3,4. :there was not significant difference. (P>0.05)
 Group 2, there was significant difference between occlusal and gingival microleakage at p = 0.004 and gingival leakage rate was significantly greater than occlusal leakage. (P<0.05)

There was no significant direct correlation between C- factor and microleakage, but it seems, microleakage was increased with increasing the cavity dimention.

Regarding the prevalence of monolithic zirconia and glazed ceramics IPS-e.max, and inadequate research on the color change of chlorhexidine and listerine mouthwashes on these two types,  this study was aimed to compare the effect of  these two mouthwashes on the stability of the
The mentioned materials.

This experimental study was carried out in vitro. 38 samples of monolithic zirconia and glazed ceramics IPS-e.max were prepared. The primary color was measured by spectrophotometry. The samples were randomly assigned to chlorhexidine, listerine and water mouthwashes. Developments for 7 days, every 2 minutes, in chlorhexidine 0/0 0.2%, Listerine Zero Then the secondary color was again measured by spectrophotometry and (4) ΔE  ab were evaluated by Kruskal Wallis test.

Both types of ceramics after the immersion in two types of mouthwash and distilled water were changed as control. ΔE values ​​of the two substance after being placed in chlorhexidine (Monolithic zirconium (ΔE = 0.16 ± 0.11) and glazed ceramics IPS-e.max
(ΔE = 0.39 ± 0.14) showed a significant difference compared to the initial colorimetry (P<0.001).Also, the amounts of ΔE, two  substances after placement in Listerine (monolithic zirconium (ΔE = 0.26 ± 0.17) and glazed ceramics IPS-e.max (ΔE = 0.48 ± 0.29) compared to colorimetric Primary difference was not significant (p <0.06). Kruskal Wallis test showed that this difference ΔE was significant between the four groups (p <0.02). 

The color consistency of both monolithic zirconium and Ips.emax ceramics seems to be clinically acceptable.

With spreading orthodontic treatments and mouth flora change during orthodontic treatment and increasing of white lesions around orthodontic appliances in patients undergone orthodontic treatments and also controversial reports about the different brackets types and their effect on adhesion of streptococcus mutans, this study aimed to compare the effect of different orthodontic bracket (metal, ceramic, self -ligating) on growth and adherence of streptococcus mutans.

This experimental Invitro study was accomplished on 60 samples. Three types of brackets (metallic, ceramic and self ligating) related to premolars were used for comparison of streptococcus mutans adhesion. Each of the brackets were placed into tubes containing 15cc of sterile Nutrient broth with %20 sucrose. Then 5cc of bacterial suspension were added to each plates. Plates were incubated for 5 days at 37°C. Then, after removal of the nutrient broth liquid from plates, plates upside down and the number of colonies attached to the plate was counted by eye according to Colony forming unit (CFU) and. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test.

The study was done by 60 samples including three types of metal, ceramic and self ligating brackets. The results of the study showed that the maximum streptococcus mutans adhesion was belonged to self ligating brackets (51.25±15.01), metal brackets (21.8±7.1) and ceramic brackets (15.5±3.6), respectively and the difference between three gourps was significant (P<0.001).
 

The growth and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans is different in the presence of various orthodontics bracket material and bracket designs.  The most and the least  Adhesion of streptococcus mutans was in self ligating and the ceramic  brackets adhesion had least streptococcus mutans, respectively

Apical extrusion of debris is one of the reasons for flare-up(pain,swelling,or both). This study aimed to determine the apical debris extrusion of two rotary systems(RaCe and Komet F6 SkyTaper) in curved mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first molars.

Thirty mandibular first molars (with mesiobuccal canal curvature 25-35 degree) were included in this experimental study and divided randomly  into two experimental groups.Root canals in group 1 prepared with RaCe and group 2 prepared with Komet F6 SkyTaper system.The roots were fixed in preweighted vials in order that extruded debries accumulate in lower chamber, after desiccation of the chamber exact weight of debris were evaluated. The datas were analysed by T-test (p<0.05).

The mass debris extruded weight in RaCe group was 1.76±0.925 g, while in Komet group was 1.73±0.02909 g and the differences was insignificant ( p= 0.2). 

It seems, Race and Komet F6 systems have not singinficant differences considering the extruded debreis in preparation of dental canal procedures.

One of the method for studying nonmetric traits is intraoral photography pictures .The aim of this research is , Comparison of the power of the intraoral camera to a  Extraoral camera to diagnose of morphologic non metric traits.

In this diagnostic  research we selected eligible samples ,among them at least 40 were without traits and 40 had the traits. At first with intra oral camera photo was  taken. Then, we took photo with a extraoral camera with a mouth opener and a mirror in the mouth with a 45 degree angle. At the end, the images were simultaneously judged on the monitor and studied. At the end of the study, the intraoral and extraoral camera.Findings were evaluated simultaneously on the monitor and analyzed statistically using fisher test.

Negative and positive diagnostic vaule of nonmetric traits in intraoral camera was 100% and extraoral traits was 100, and 68% respectively and the related difference was significant. P<0.0001)

Intraoral camera has more preference  than extraoral camera in diagnosis of nonmetric triats.

The ability to communicate effectively with patients is one of the most important features of a clinician. Effective communication leads to the proper transfer of information from the sender (patient) to the recipient (clinician), enhances the recipient's knowledge and ability to perform tasks or influence his or her attitude and behavior. Therefore, considering the importance of communicating with the patient, which is certainly effective in treating the patient, in this study, we investigated the attitude of dental students about patient communication skills and its related factors at faculty of dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences , Islamic Azad University in 2017.

In this descriptive study, a researcher-made questionnaire containing various indicators of communication skills was used in 10 items, and these were formulated in accordance with the four-point Likert scale of these indicators. Their validity and reliability was thus ensured and its reliability was tested by Test-Retest and it was equal to 0.85. Then, their attitudes about the skills of communication skills classified as absolutely agree (good/positive attitude), agree (moderate attitude), disagree & absolutely disagree (poor/negative attitude). Finally, the role of factors related to attitude was determined using chi-square test.

The study was conducted on 123 senior year students with an average age of 30 years. 33.3% were male and 66.7% were female. 39% were married and the rest were single. 48% of people did not participate in communication skills training courses. 52% of people had communication problems with their patients. The good attitude was 40.6%, the moderate attitude was 59.5% and there was no negative attitude. There was no significant relationship between age, gender, marital status, participation in training course and communication attitude (P <0/2).

Regarding to given results , although negative attitude does not exist, but there was not positive attitude related to communication skills at to ideal level. So, related educational courses was recommended.

 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the scientific outputs of Iranian dental researchers in the ISC citation database during the years 2010-2017.

 This research is an applied research that has been done by using co-word analysis which is a kind of content analysis and scientometric methods. The statistical population of the study includes 1383 records in dentistry researches that indexed by Iranian researchers in the ISC during 2010-2017.

 The findings showed that most dental papers were produced by researchers at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Researchers in our country have also collaborated with US researchers in their papers. The survey of the most commonly used topics showed that the most focus of our researchers is on dental and oral Health. The topic of dental plaque has also been identified as an underdeveloped topic in the fields.

  According to the findings, it seems, scientific output of dentistry field in was ISC increased during 2010-2017. and Tehran Medical sciences, Shahid Beheshti medical sciences and Islamic azad university were applied as first to third scores.

Intrusive luxation is apical displacement of tooth into the alveolar bone due to bicycle accidents, sports accidents, falls, and fights. Intruded tooth is driven into the socket, compressing the periodontal ligament. Intrusion is considered as one of the most severe luxation injuries to affect permanent dentition. Intrusion injuries are often associated with severe damage to the tooth, periodontium, and pulpal tissue. The rare occurrence of this injury in the permanent dentition has resulted in limited studies to support suggested treatment regimens. Clinical treatment for intrusion is especially important because of the severe complications accompanying trauma.

This article reports traumatically intrusion of permanent maxillary central incisor which was followed by definite guidelines existed in management of traumatically Intruded permanent teeth. Also article is an overview of all available articles which are relevant with intrusion and provides all treatment modalities which are considered beneficial up today.

Instant care and root canal treatment for intruded tooth can play a major role in correcting the tooth position and subsequently improving function and appearance. Therefore, clinician's knowledge and skills has a crucial role in managing intrusive luxation.