مجله تحقیقات آزمایشگاهی دامپزشکی
سال هفتم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1394)

Parasitic infection of three species of Cyprinodonts was investigated during 2014. A total of 120 samples(40 of each species) including: Black Molly(Poecilia sphenops),Guppy( Poecilia reticulate) and Platy(Xiphophorus maculatus) were examined. 42.5% of samples were infected. Isolated protozoan parasite consisted Ichthyophthyrius multifiliis, Trichodina sp., Apiosoma sp. And metazoan parasite included Gyrodactylus bullatarudis, Urocleidoides reticulatus and Urocleidoides sp. Frequency of isolated parasites in Molly, Guppy and Platy were 57.5, 32.5 and 12.5, respectively.

Acrylamide monomer causes peripheral neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, clastogenicity, male reproductive toxicity, prenatal lethality, and endocrine-related tumors in rodents. The main purpose of this study was to determine the toxicopathologic effects of chronic low doses of ACR on the male rat serum testosterone concentration and its relation to neurological indices including body weight gain and LHF. For this purpose, 40 male rats (Wistar, approximately 250 g) were selected. Rats were housed in polycarbonate boxes as 5 per each. Randomly assigned groups of rats (10 rats per exposure group. total 3 exposure groups as A, B and C) were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10mg/kg per day×5 days/week × 12 weeks p.o. (gavage) respectively. The remaining 10 rats were housed in group (D) as control group. Control rats received daily i.p. injections of 0.9% saline (3ml/kg). As indices of developing neurotoxicity, weight gain and landing hind limb foot splay (LHF) were determined. Weight gains were measured daily prior to injection. The lowest percentage of body weight gain and the highest value of LHF were observed in rats belong to group C, which received the highest dose of ACR. In addition, serum testosterone concentration in Comparing with rats in control group D, significant decrease in serum testosterone concentration were observed in treatment groups and the lowest value in group C.Our results suggest that ACR adversely affect on growth, development and reproduction (serum testosterone concentration) of male rats.

In order to risk assessment of antibiotics residues in animal originated food, first, it is necessary to be measurement, survey and screen of meat products that man consumed. Presence of antimicrobial residues in animal originated food regularly greater than minimum residues levels (MRLs) cause adverse effect in human. In this study, 43 samples of poultry meat and liver collected from poultry slaughter in semnan city in the second half of the year of 1393 and use ELISA method in order to evaluate gentamicin residues.Limitation of detection (LOD) for gentamicin was 10 ng/g according to kit manufacture instruction. 21 and 22 samples of muscle, liver tissue, were contained, 50 and 71.42% of the samples gentamicin residues respectively. The minimum amount of residual in meat and liver is 100 ng /g according to Codex standards, which 78.57 % and 100% of the meat and liver samples had more than the standard levels respectively. Not respecting the withdrawal period (Withdrawal Time) will be the presence of residues in products of animal origin. Systematic and regular monitoring of veterinary drugs should be placed on the agenda by relevant agencies to avoid continuous exposure to residues of veterinary drugs, that deal with human health.

Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic protozoan parasite that can infect human and warm-blooded animals and is so frequent in the North of Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between environmental factors and T.gondii antibody frequency in rodents of Golestan Province. During winter 2015, a total of 124 Mus musculus were captured by handmade traps. Blood sample were collected from heart, and after separation of the sera, T.gondii antibody was analyzed by modified agglutination test (MAT). Relation between T.gondii antibody frequency with temperature, precipitation and humidity was surveyed with GIS in ArcGIS and Idrisi Selva 10.3 software. The highest T.gondii frequency was observed in Gorgan with a 78% the average humidity, 551 the annual average rainfall and 12.5°C average temperature. The GIS results showed that from the tree main factors that was analyzed, temperature and humidity had the must effect on the spatial distribution of the T.gondii antibody frequency in sampled rodents. The positive relationship between T.gondii frequency, rainfall, humidity and the negative relationship between temperature and T.gondii antibody frequency could be explained by the fact that oocysts have a longer viability in damp soil, and also the high population of T.gondii hosts in regions with high rainfall and humidity.

Blue-tongue is one of infectious, non-contagious and insect –born viral disease of ruminants. It is one of the major impediments in trade and free international movement of livestock and their products. It is also an important problem in the Middle East.In this study a serological survey was carried out to detect group specific blue-tongue virus antibodies in sheep serum collected in two regions (mountain and plain) of Chaharmahal-Va-Bakhtiari province of Iran in 2015. Blood samples were taken randomly. A competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(C-ELISA) was conducted to test the serum samples for blue tongue virus (BTV) group specific antibodies. BTV seropositive reaction were obtained in 462 (49.78%) out of 928 tested sera. Higher seroprevalence was observed in plain region (P<0.05). No significant difference was found within age groups (P>0.05).An association was found between seropositivity and sex, males had higher seropositive than females (P<0.05). An association was found between seropositivity and abortion history (P<0.05). Blue–tongue has been never before reported in Chaharmahal-Va-Bakhtiari and this is the first serological survey for blue-tongue in this region. The results support the conclusion that BTV was widespread in this area of Iran and suggest that it may be endemic and need for further investigation.

Leptospirosis is one of the most important contagious zoonosis diseases in Guilan province that caused by different serovars of Leptospira interrogans. The aim of the present study was conducted to determination of the prevalence rate of Leptospira pathogene serovars  in Guilan province  cows. Totally 450 serum samples were collected from Guilan cows and were tested by serology method (MAT).The prevalence rate was 31.7% positive against to Leptospira infections. 81.7% of serum samples were positive to only one Leptospira serovars and 18.3% more than one spp. The percentage rate of Leptospira serovars were including: grippotyphosa (17.6 %), icterohaemprragia (49.3 %), pomona (1.4 %), serjohardjo (26.1 %), canicola (5.6 %). Percentage rate of MAT titers were 1:200 (0.7 %), 1:400 (21.1 %), 1:800 (30.3 %), 1:1600 (29.6 %), 1:3200 (14.8 %), 1:6400 (3.5%). Prevalence rate to leptospirosis was evaluated in different seasons and ages, it was much in 3-4 years (29%) and spring season (37.5%).Seroepidemiological survey of Leptospirosis in rodents, education of rice field workers before agricultural seasons and monitoring of the Leptospira infection in Guilan province after educational programmes are recommended.

Considering importance function of trace element in animal feeding, recognizing the circumstance of mineral elements in feedstuffs seems to be necessary ,Between trace elements, Iodine has an important role .The main aim of this study is determination of Iodine concentration in blood serum of goats and sheep in Semnan province . For this purpose, blood sample were taken and after separating blood serums. Iodine concentrations were measured using Neutron Activation Analysis (N.A.A).This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) as a factorial experiment (4×2×2×3) including:season in 4 levels (spring,summer,Autumn and winter), type of livestock in 2 levels (sheep and goat),sex effect in 2 levels (male and female) and age factor in three levels(0-1,1-3 and more than 3 years).There was ten animals replicates in each treatments.  Data were Analysed with GLM procedure (General linear Model) where  was %5. Results showed that Iodine concentration in serum was different between seasons and maximum Iodine concentration was observed in winter (267.33 ppb) and the minimum was belong to summer (191.39 ppb). Iodine concentration in males (248.56 ppb) and female(211.05 ppb) was significantly different. Comparing between animal types, showed that, Iodine concentration was significantly different between sheep (250.35 ppb) and goats(209.26 ppb) ,while there  was not a significant difference for age factor  and iodine concentration were 210.78 and 229.34 ppb forelder and young groups respectively and except interaction effect between  genus  andanimal type , all other interactions were not differ significantly.