International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

The preset study aimed to develop and standardize the psychometric criteria of attitude toward adoption questionnaire and its relation to prosocial behavior and character strengths.

The method of this study was descriptive survey. The research population included all citizens living in Behshahr (N = 156195). The sample size of the study was 500 subjects of whom 50 subjects were selected through pre-investigation study by available sampling method and 450 subjects were selected by multistage cluster sampling in the final study. The research tools included the attitude toward adoption questionnaire, Prosocial Tendencies Measure Revised (PTM-R) by Carlo et al (2003), and character strengths questionnaire by Seligman and Patterson (2004). The research analysis method was exploratory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient.

The results of exploratory factor analysis by main components with varimax rotation indicated two components of attitude toward adoption being named respectively cognitive as the aspects of attitude toward adoption and behavioral-emotional aspects of attitude toward adoption. These two components explained 43.25% of the variance of the total sample. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.709 for the whole questionnaire, 0.71 for the first component, and 0.713 for the second one. In addition, there was a significant positive relationship between desired social tendencies and the cognitive aspect of attitude toward adoption as well as the behavioral -emotional aspects of attitude toward adoption (P ≤ 0.01).

As a conclusion, the attitude toward adoption questionnaire has a desirable and appropriate validity and can be used as a useful tool for measuring the attitude toward adoption. Declaration of Interest: None

A large number of people are afflicted with major depressive disorder, leading to high societal costs. In addition, the treatment remains one of the most challenging and controversial issues in mental health. The main purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), pharmacotherapy, and a blend of the two methods in treating major depressive disorder.

A sample of 60 subjects was selected randomly from the middle-aged patients suffering from major depressive disorder (based on DSM-V criteria) with illness duration of one year that referred to all outpatient clinics of the Modares hospital in Isfahan. The patients were divided into four experimental groups including: acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), Drug Therapy, blend of the two aforementioned methods and control group. Statistical analysis was conducted using analysis of covariance.

Findings showed a significant difference in terms of depression among the three treatment groups. While the mean scores of depression in the posttest were 44.60 for the control group, the results for pharmacotherapy, ACT and combination group were 17.66, 26.53 and 15.13 respectively (p˂0.05).

Although, Pharmacotherapy and combined treatment are more effective than ACT alone, the combination of ACT and pharmacotherapy is the most effective with longer-lasting results in the treatment of adults with major depressive disorder in middle-aged Iranian patients. Declaration of Interest: None.

Considering the lack of knowledge in the field of infidelity and its consequences in the country and the insufficient familiarity with the expressions of infidelity behaviors, the present study aimed at investigating the phenomenological experience of infidelity in married women.

The present study used a qualitative method with a descriptive phenomenological approach. Population of the study included women engaged in infidelity visiting one of the consultation centers in the city of Tehran in the year 2017. Sampling of the population was carried out using the targeted snowball sampling method. Size of the sample was increased up to saturation point and, overall, 10 married women with the experience of infidelity were subjected to investigation. Semi-structured interview method was used to gather data and the data were analyzed through the Colaizzi's method.

The results demonstrated that infidelity occurs due to several factors including deficiency needs, the perpetrators' psychological qualities, marital compatibility, consequences expected from infidelity, and etiology of starting infidelity.

There are several factors involved in women's inclination to infidelity. Based on the findings of the present study, the practical proposition is to arrange therapy sessions and instructional manuals based on the concepts and axes extracted from the analysis of the interviews with people who have shared their phenomenological experience of infidelity with us. Declaration of Interest: None

The type of human attitude toward death, as an unavoidable event, can affect the human approach to the themes of the worldly life and the afterlife. This study aimed to identify the factor structure of Persian version of Death Attitude Profile.

In this descriptive survey research, 444 students of Jamia al-Zahra Seminary and Khomein Azad University, were selected by convenient sampling method. They responded to Persian version of the Death Attitude Profile.

Analysis of the findings indicated the Persian version of this profile, while deleting some items, supports the same 5-factor structure of the original form. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.79 in the research sample.

The obtained psychometric properties indicated the validity and reliability of this scale in Iranian society. Therefore, It can be used to measure the attitudinal properties of individuals to death. Declaration of Interest: None.

Internet addiction among adolescents is a growing problem in every society. The present study aimed to investigate the role of anticipation of anxiety and emotion regulation in Internet addiction among adolescents.

263 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 (121 boys, 142 girls) were selected using available sampling method and participated in this study. The participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (CERQ). Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.

The results of this study showed that there is a significant positive correlation between maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety with Internet addiction. There was a significant negative correlation between adaptive emotion regulation strategies and Internet addiction (P<0.01). Based on the results of regression analysis, Two variables of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety explained 38% of the variance for Internet addiction (p<0.01).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that it is necessary to emphasize the role of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety in designing interventions for the prevention and treatment of Internet addiction in adolescents. Declaration of Interest: None.