مجله تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی
سال یازدهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1398)

Main purpose of this study was to survey comparative study of the attitudes of rural people and dehyaran in relation to dehrari’s activities in hadi plan. The research method is descriptive and analytical approach. This study consisted of two groups (rural people and dehyaran). The population of dehyaran was 100 individuals and rural people was 303 that by Cochran formula selected randomly. The main tool of data collection was questiounire. The evaluate of reliability questionnaire obtained 0.86 with Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that the charactristics of rural people and Dehyaran were significant correlation with participation in relation to dehrari’s activities in hadi plan. The attitudes of rural people and dehyaran were significant correlation with social aspect and physical expension aspect in relation to dehrari’s activities in hadi plan but no significant correlation with economic aspects.

The purpose of this study was to present a social media-based marketing model for organic food and beverages in Iran. In the qualitative section, with a review of the research background, the semantic concepts and burdens associated with marketing organic products in general as well as social media were extracted through the thematic analysis method. In addition, in order to elicit the opinions of social media experts and organic products, interviews were conducted with 12 people with experience and expertise in producing and selling organic food products in Iran and social media experts. Snowball shooting was selected. Finally six main themes are: "Infrastructure", "Stimulants", "Facilitators", "Obstacles and Challenges", "Mediators" and "Consequences" and 18 sub-themes and 114 codes and 574 key concepts were identified, and at the end a comprehensive social media marketing model for organic products is presented.

In this study, mixed integer programming data envelopment analysis (MIP-DEA) and basic model of DEA (DEACCR) as well as the cconventional methods were used to determine water use efficiency ranking of some agricultural products. The required information was collected from statistical sources of Agriculture Jihad organization of East Azerbaijan province for 2015. Based on the results, the ability of DEACCR to differentiate efficiency rankings of products was not enough. At the best, DEACCR model was only able to identify the score and rank of the two products which in the both, wheat and barley located in third and fourth places, respectively. Also, to improve the revenue and profit efficiencies of wheat, it was necessary the use of all inputs by 6.7 and 27.9 percent to be reduced, respectively.

Development of financial infrastructure as an efficient tool to increase invariably economic growth, poverty reduction and equitable distribution of income in society is crucial the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of financial development on rural and urban inequality in Iran using panel data of 31 provinces, in the years 1385 to 1394. For this purpose, the data on the average income of urban and rural households, government spending (indicate the size of government intervention), per capita gross domestic product , the rate of urbanization and percentage of GDP as an indicator of financial development, collected and organized and then, a model using panel models (both static and dynamic), it is estimated.The results show that the Kuznets inverted U-curve hypothesis is not confirmed in Iran's provinces. It can also be said that the effect of government size is negative and it reduces the inequality of income between rural and urban households

Willingness to pay (WTP) of environment users, determines the value of those resources. But WTP values for environmental goods tend to display heterogeneity among individuals and spatial heterogeneity. The downward trend in the environmental status of Lake Urmia during last years expresses the fact that its functions will not continue without collective measures and activities. Thus in this paper, partial ranking (best-worst) data analyzed using multilevel latent class model which provides the possibility of classifying individuals based on personal preferences and geographic location. Results showed to better fit the data, a heterogeneous model with three classes and two grand classes is required. Calculating prediction errors for best-worst choices suggests a reduction in the estimated model than the usual homogeneous model. Estimating willingness to pays diagnosed climate regulation and prevention from salt storms as the most important attribute for the respondents.

The main purpose of this paper is to reveal the short and long run effects of agricultural production growth on biomass production for Middle East countries and especially for Iran. This study employs panel data from 11 Middle East countries, from 1980 to 2013, in order to fulfill two aims. First, to test whether or not there is an EKC type relationship between biomass and economic growth in the Middle East and Iran. Second, to investigate the impact of agricultural sector growth on biomass production. Also, in this study, the area of arable and permanent crops was used as an agricultural sector production growth index and Panel unit root analyses and panel cointegration analyses were used to examine the relationship. The results showed that in both the statistical society of Iran and the Middle East, there is the Kuznets environmental curve hypothesis between biomass production and economic growth. In addition, the results confirmed the growth hypothesis in which agricultural sector production growth has positive effects on biomass production of Middle East countries and Iran.

Dry and desert natural ecosystems play an important role in helping animals, humans and the environment. In this study, economic indicators of the profitability of traditional farmers in the southern area of Khorasan Razavi Province are examined. At first, types of rangelands, animal farming activities, and exploitation conditions were identified. Then using Stratified random sampling method 200 local farmers were selected for filling the questionnaires. The data includes Investment costs, current costs and revenues of product sales variables for the 1390-1395 period. With applying net present value (NPV) and the benefit-cost ratio (BC) methods, economic evaluation has been done. Finally, the results showed that the farmers are not in a financial profitability state, so, if the costs and incomes are included in this evaluation, the farms would not be profitable at all. Furthermore, their activities will lead to serious damages to the rangelands and grasslands as valuable natural resources.

In the complex and dynamic world of today, without enough attention to organizational entrepreneurship, we can not achieve to growth and development indicators in the economic realm. Because organizational entrepreneurship is a strategic and acquiring process that organizations by choosing the right model, lead to its sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to explain the indicators and select the appropriate entrepreneurship model. The research method is descriptive survey and the statistical population is the managers of rural cooperatives in South Khorasan province. Data gathering tool: library studies and a questionnaire that has been done through Analytical Hierarchy Process ( AHP). Expert Choice software (EC) is used to analyze the collected data. The results of this research show that the ranking of indices are: behavioral, culture, entrepreneurial, structural, Background, individual characteristics and entrepreneurial skills and the patterns are respectively Sahlman, Antonic & Hisrich, Bulut & Alpkan, Lampkin & Dess, Echols & Neck, Ahmad Pour Dariani and Kooratko & others.

In the present study, the cross sectional data of 2013-14 were from 201 irrigated-wheat producers in Fasa applying multistage random cluster sampling to investigate the effects of energy carriers’ price rising on welfare producers of wheat in the region.The results showed that an increase in price of electricity has stronger impact on increasing the production costs, decreasing production and benefit, and as a result on the welfare of wheat producers than is expected to have from increasing price of gas oil. Therefore, targeted electricity subsidy should be implemented with further considerations. Moreover, to keep the producers welfare unchanged, a 100 percent increase in the price of gas oil and electricity, should be compensated with increasing wheat price to 13340 and 16223 rials per kg. Finally, with increasing returns to scale characteristics of wheat production in Fars province, the government can grant credits to provide conditions for farmers to adopt technology change for optimizing consumption of energy in order to reduce costs or maintain the welfare and as a result to increase production of wheat.

Of The most important commodity groups on food security supply are basic agriculture commodities. Unfortunately, in recent years in some items on these commodities, we have witnessed some insufficiencies, prices rising and too import that their main reasons back to weakness in production of products. One of the major pillars in shaping of basic agriculture commodities production that is investment. Thus, to strengthen it, it is needed to know investing barriers to basic commodities production. By removing them, it would be provided suitable background for investment in basic commodities, self – sufficiency and independence on foreign countries. This study is in response to this problem, besides, recognition of various economic obstacles which is affecting basic agriculture commodities , also along with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) refers to prioritize and weighting these barriers .in the following , it would be investigating of existing food security situation within investigating investing , production and basic agriculture commodities situation .

Developing the export of industrial goods as one of the strategies for economic development is a major determinant for the provision of foreign exchange earnings. One of the factors affecting exports, exchange rate and the risk of unexpected volatility is the study of the effect of exchange rate Volatility on exports of Iranian food industry as a supplementary chain of the agricultural chain during the period of 2001-2015 using the panel data approach. The ARDL panel technique has been used to examine the effect of exchange rate Volatility on the export of food industry. The results of the study showed that the exchange rate Volatility in the long run with a coefficient of 96/6 had a negative effect on the export of food industry. It is recommended that monetary and fiscal instruments be used to assure exporters' exchange rate risk.

According to debates and concerns about environmental changes, land use coverage changes have been taken seriously in recent decades. One of the most popular approaches to the simulation is Agent-Based Modelling (ABM). ABM is a set of computational models for simulating the actions and reactions of autonomous agents. The purpose of this research in 2016, is to simulate the status of agricultural land use cover changes in Babolsar over the next 30 years using the mathematical programming based-multi agent system (MP-MAS). The results showed that rain fed products would eliminate from the cultivation pattern of the region, and the development of mechanized Rice cultivation will occur. The area under cultivation of the horticultural products of the region will grow from 3,959 hectares to over 5585 hectares. The results will help managers with a strategic insight at the future of agricultural land use cover changes as they can simulate feedback on their policies and economic decisions.