نشریه آبزیان زینتی
سال ششم شماره 4 (زمستان 1398)

The coral reefs of the Persian Gulf are among the richest coral reserves systems in the world. These valuable habitats have a remarkable diversity of aquatic species, especially fish. One of the important ecological groups living in coral reefs of the Persian Gulf is surgeonfish (Family: Acanthuridae), which have been considered by researchers in many studies. These fish can be introduced as breeding options to the ornamental fish industry because of their colour variation and aesthetic values. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics and breeding potentials of some species of surgeonfish inhabiting the Persian Gulf for exploitation in the saltwater ornamental fish industry. The study showed that surgeonfish species of the Persian Gulf such as Acanthurus blochii, A. sohal, A. nigrofuscus, A. triostegus and A. xanthopterus have significant potential for introducing to the ornamental fish industry. Hence, it is recommended to take the necessary measures to provide suitable conditions for production of these ornamental fish species in the country.

The production and trade of ornamental fish is one of the most profitable sectors of aquaculture and is growing and developing in Asia and around the world. Tiger barb is an interesting fish that has long been in Iranian aquariums and has attracted the attention of enthusiasts. The barbs are a subfamily (Cyprinidae) of freshwater fishes native to Southeast Asia. The natural geographical range of Tiger Barbs has been reported from Sumatra, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia and possibly Cambodia. Large scales, bright colors, social behavior, community life, and ease of keeping and breeding have made tiger barbs popular in the aquarium fish trade. Well over 70 barb species are currently commercially important. The life of all barbs is similar to each other. Obtaining Egg from tiger barbs and their cultivations are easy and they are also resistant to environmental conditions. It is economically profitable if the principles of cultivation of tiger barbs are right. The present study will provide an overview of the biology, reproductive behavior and reproduction of this fish in the aquarium.

Sea cucumber is an important component of the food chain in temperate ecosystems and coral reefs and plays an important role as a poultry eater and has antiviral, anti-cancer and anti-tumor properties in addition to oral administration and in the pharmaceutical industry. It has many uses. This creature swallows sediment on the bottom of aquaculture ponds and is in fact considered as a natural pond for ponds, so it can be grown on shrimp farms individually, thereby accelerating its growth and shrimp and Increasing production per hectare, and ultimately, further boosting the shrimp industry in the region and the province. The study and study of species diversity among marine resources, especially for species that are artificially reproduced or reared, such as sea cucumbers, will be of particular importance in the stabilization of their natural reserves. Color variation in sea cucumber varieties that include green, black and red affects their taste quality and market value, so the need to study and study the biodiversity of these species, especially genetic diversity studies. There are areas where reservoir restoration activities are being undertaken in the field of sea cucumber reserves.

The growing growth of the aquatic industry has caused the problems for the industries, including infectious diseases and damages caused by them, frequent use of some antibiotics, chemicals, and disinfectants that resist bacteria, and in addition to creating immune problems in ornamental and edible, it is worth the risk of healthy consumers of consumer aquatic. The and implementation of comprehensive long-term programs such as vaccination and quarantine measures, as well as the use of safety agents to promote the safety of fish against infectious diseases is considered important. Infectious agents are an important factor in causing economic losses in commercial aquaculture. prevention of the disease by vaccine is the most economical, environmentally and legally appropriate method for controlling the pathogen that is currently available to  aquaculture production.

Undoubtedly having lush and interesting plants in the aquarium, in addition to beauty, has a favorable effect on fish. These plants, in addition to create beauty in the aquarium space, provide an environment close to the natural habitat of ornamental fish. The benefits of using aquatic plants in the aquarium include adjusting the water hardness and pH, increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water, and ultimately maintaining the relative health of the fish. The plant Cryptocoryne is a member of Araceae family and having more than 50 different species distributed throughout Southeast Asia. More than 20 species are being used for aquarium decorations in the world. Due to the reddish brown leaves, the plant has high value as an aquarium herb and has a very high export potential. The present study investigates morphological, ecological characteristics, distribution, propagation, cultivation and also introduces several species of this plant.

In the nature, ornamental fish have a variety of beautiful colors that becomes pale or dull colored in conditions of intensive culture in breeding halls. Feeding these fish with algae can improve their color. For this purpose, rainbow trout larval stage feed was used as the base feed. The treated foods obtained from the powdering of the basic food were impregnated with different percentages of algae, which because of the high fat content of the food, this impregnation was done efficiently. They were then boiled in semi-cooled boiling water and passed through the pelletizer and crushed with cramplers to reach the ornamental fish's mouth .In this study, feeding on carotenoid-rich microalgae Spirulina platensis and 1% of Hematococcus pluvialis significantly improved body color of swordfish, ornamental trout and Cichlid in 1.5 to 2% for 3 weeks.