فهرست مطالب
Nephro-Urology Monthly
Volume:11 Issue: 4, Nov 2019
- تاریخ انتشار: 1398/11/23
- تعداد عناوین: 5
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Page 1Background
Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is an autoimmune disease affecting renal glomerulus, characterized by autoantibodies aggregation on podocytes and subsequent epithelial thickening. Therefore, rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is used to treat patients with the deteriorating condition.
ObjectivesAssuming that rituximab demolishes a considerable number of B-lymphocytes and causes transient immunodeficiency, we aimed to identify B cell subsets involved in PMN pathogenesis to facilitate specific targeting.
MethodsUsing flowcytometery, 25 PMN patients including 15 on standard treatment and 10 on standard treatment plus rituximab were enrolled to compare with healthy controls. Rituximab-receiving patients were studied before and two months after administration.
ResultsNeither total CD19+ nor memory B cell percentages showed significant differences between the study groups. However, the number of B regulatory cells (Breg) was lower in both standard-treatment and Rituximab-receiving patients than in controls. Moreover, the percentage of naïve/mature B cells dropped after standard treatment.
ConclusionsPMN patients seem to possess an insufficient percentage of Breg cells, which are involved in immunomodulation. Furthermore, the standard-treatment group showed a reduced count of naïve/mature B cells, which constitute a substantial proportion of normal B lymphocytes population.
Keywords: Glomerulonephritis, Membranous Nephropathy, B Lymphocyte Subsets, Rituximab -
Page 2Background
Based on the evidence, the correction of zinc deficiency in patients with nephrotic syndrome may improve the prognosis of these patients.
ObjectivesSo this study aimed to investigate the serum zinc level in children with nephrotic syndrome.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in 102 children with nephrotic syndrome. After obtaining informed consent, we collected data regarding age, gender, the severity of nephrotic syndrome (mild, moderate, and severe), and serum zinc level.
ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 6.2 ± 3.2 years. The serum zinc level was normal in 12 patients (11.76%), lower than normal in 86 patients (84.31%), and higher than normal in 4 patients (3.92%). Also we observed that, the serum zinc level was significantly lower in patients with severe nephrotic syndrome (31.48 ± 6.8) than in patients with moderate (59.12 ± 5.4) and mild (78.82 ± 4.1) nephrotic syndrome.
ConclusionsWe can improve the nephrotic syndrome condition of children by correcting their serum zinc levels.
Keywords: Zinc Level, Recurrent Nephrotic Syndrome, Children -
Page 3Background
The growing prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents is commonly associated with hypertension in adulthood and various long-term complications.
ObjectivesSince previous studies have found that vitamin D deficiency is responsible for hypertension in some individuals, this study was conducted to evaluate blood pressure levels in children suffering from low levels of vitamin D.
MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted on 65 children under the age of 11 suffering from vitamin D deficiency. The blood pressure of children was measured by the digital blood pressure monitor citizen (REFCH-311B) after obtaining informed consent, according to the standards of blood pressure assessment in children and was then plotted on blood pressure graphs.
ResultsIn this study, 50.8% of the children were girls, and 49.2% were boys. The mean age of these children was 6.16 ± 2.51 years. Systolic blood pressure were pre-HTN in 3.1% of children, HTN grade I in 1.5% of children, and normal in other patients. Diastolic blood pressure was pre-HTN in 4.6% of children and normal in other patients.
ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, it seems that the blood pressure status in children with low levels of vitamin is not linked to the level of this vitamin.
Keywords: Blood Pressure, Vitamin D, Child -
Page 4Background
Montelukast as an anti-inflammatory drug has a protective effect on the kidney’s tissue and also on children with pyelonephritis.
ObjectivesTherefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of montelukast on the pyelonephritis symptoms in children.
MethodsIn this study, 100 children with pyelonephritis were divided into two groups, including the intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Patients in both groups received routine antibiotic therapy and in the intervention group, montelukast (5 mg/day, oral) was prescribed (for 14 days). Finally, the clinical manifestations of the patients were evaluated and compared between two groups.
ResultsThe mean age (± SD) in intervention and control groups was 7.2 (± 0.43) and 7.18 (± 0.43) years, respectively. Analysis of the results showed that the duration of fever (P < 0.0001), dysuria (P < 0.0001), abdominal pain (P < 0.0001) and urgency (P = 0.003) were significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group.
ConclusionsMontelukast lead to rapid improvement of clinical manifestations in children with pyelonephritis and may can be used as an effective auxiliary treatment in these patients.
Keywords: Montelukast, Symptoms, Children -
Page 5Background
Nephrotic syndrome is a condition which can be influenced by pregnancy conditions.
ObjectivesBased on this, aim of this study was evaluation of perinatal and prenatal indices in nephrotic syndrome.
MethodsA case control study was done in 100 children with nephrotic syndrome. Perinatal and prenatal data were obtained, and for patients’ outcome determination, they had taken prednisolone for 4 weeks and syndrome types were determined based on responses to drugs as steroid responsive, steroid resistant, frequent relapse, and steroids dependent. At the end, information was entered into SPSS and analyzed.
ResultsRemission type children had a better outcome (No: 25) compared to others (No: 75) have a better status in prenatal and perinatal factors (P < 0.05). Gestational age (P value = 0.387), delivery type, diabetic nephropathy (P value = 0.007), passive smoking and neonatal jaundice have significant differences in groups.
ConclusionsSome of these factors have a significant effect in nephrotic syndrome outcomes that evaluated in this study.
Keywords: Nephrotic Syndrome, Prenatal, Perinatal