نشریه نظریه های اجتماعی متفکران مسلمان
سال نهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 17، پاییز و زمستان 1398)

The pilgrimage and pilgrimage of domestic and foreign pilgrimages in Iran has been one of the religious activities and has been widely welcomed. The pilgrimage of Arba'in is one of the emerging forms of pilgrimage that Iranians have not paid much attention to before. The Arba'in walkway is a platform for a different religious pilgrimage experience, in which the entire path of the passage of Iman Hussein's pilgrimage experience AS). A ritual in which different nations and cultures are interacting and intercultural communication. This intercultural interaction, at the same time, will include a cognition of how Iranian and Iraqi identity are expressed in the context of this particular religious partnership during the Aryan era. In this research, based on the qualitative approach and through the analysis of the content of pilgrim's experiences, attempts have been made to examine the patterns of expression of Iranian and Iraqi pilgrims. The statistical population of the study was Iranian and Iraqi female and male pilgrims visiting Najaf and Karbala, as well as two cities of Najaf and Karbala as the source and destination, and 30 samples were selected by targeted method. Data were collected using interview and participatory observation methods. After analyzing qualitative data, three main themes were identified: 1) national identity, 2) Shiite identity, and 3) Arbaean identity. Also, the factors affecting the authentication patterns were: 1) background variables and 2) power.

The spirit of the supremacy of a society or a system of governance makes it possible for that system or state to be superior to other systems and governments, which, on this basis, permits itself to dominate itself in Different areas of intellectual, religious, cultural, military, economic and political affairs. Imam Khomeini is one of the thinkers and politicians who has used the concept of "Estekbar" in his political thought and, by specifying the case, has adapted this concept from a mental state to an objective state. Imam Khomeini is one of the thinkers and politicians who has used the concept of "Estekbar" in his political thought and, by specifying the case, has adapted this concept from a mental state to an objective state. Indeed, his domination of Islamic thought and jurisprudence has made it, in addition to explaining this concept and its dimensions, to focus on its objectification. The question of the research is that in the thought of Imam Khomeini (ra) the objective meaning of the concept of "Estekbar" and "anti-Estekbar" is the system or country? Findings of the research show that from Imam Khomeini's point of view, the objective meaning of the concept of the Estekbar of the capitalist system of the United States is that Iran is a symbol of anti-Estekbar. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytic.

Human dignity in the thought of an Islamic humanist philosopher, to determine the criterion of human dignity and to its follower, the determination of human right, is a problem that, by analyzing it, can give a different look at human rights in the present age. Human rights in modern period are issues that have led the debate over the discourse beyond the realm of action. Human dignity is a special feature of which human beings are human beings that are different from other beings, deserve the rights and lives of the dignity. In this sense, the concept of "dignity" is directly related to the concept of "right". If we take this meaning of dignity and then go back to the history of human thought, we can find reasons for human dignity in the mind of philosopher. The humanist philosopher of the fourth century looks differently to this issue. Therefore, in this research, we approach the texts of Ibn Meskoyi with the help of the text-commentator approach: "What is the criterion of human dignity in the thought of Ibn Meskoyi? What does this criterion relate to human right?" Meskoyi speaks of rational, moral and social human, and thus create the relation between the dignity and the human right.

Mate- selection is a process that is subject to rules of social values and norms.The purpose of this study is to understand the spouse's choice according to the social context of the Masoomin sira. The method used in this study is historical, probatory and descriptive, so the data are qualitative. The basis of data analysis is discourse analysis. Discourse is both a specific form of language and a particular form of social interaction; therefore, at three levels, social analysis, social cognition, and discourse dimensions, it describes the rules of spouse selection in the Masoomin sira and compares it with the pre-Islamic era.The change in the general social context, from the tribal system to the single political system with the comprehensive laws for all segments of society, and the change of racist and masculine ideology to humanistic across race, ethnicity and gender, and changing attitudes towards women and girls, and their right to choose the future of family life, and Maintain parental respect in the field of spouse selection, are central to Masoomin sira on the rules of marriage. Accordingly, prohibitions on marriage, types of marriage, marriage structure, As mentioned in this article, the criteria and the right to choose a spouse have changed radically in the Masoomin sira compared to the pre-Islamic era. As a result, the social context, the musts and shoulds, the type of social and cultural attitudes and values, are complex and multilateral concerning discourse and vice versa, and change or modification in each affects the other

This article deals with Allāmeh Tabātabāī’s views on the type of society’s existence. I will demonstrate that there is a contradiction and inconsistency in his views regarding this issue. While, explicitly, maintained in his philosophical work, Osool-e Falsafeh va Ravesh-e Reālism, that society has an abstract, conceptual, and non-concrete nature, Tabātabāī insists in his theosophical book, al-Mizān, of concrete, factual and real existence of society. Clearly, these two views are totally different, and incompatible with each other. This article deals with Allāmeh Tabātabāī’s views on the type of society’s existence. I will demonstrate that there is a contradiction and inconsistency in his views regarding this issue. While, explicitly, maintained in his philosophical work, Osool-e Falsafeh va Ravesh-e Reālism, that society has an abstract, conceptual, and non-concrete nature, Tabātabāī insists in his theosophical book, al-Mizān, of concrete, factual and real existence of society. Clearly, these two views are totally different, and incompatible with each other.

Ibn Khaldun seems to be the first Muslim thinker to look at the phenomenon of war from the sociological-anthropological point of view. This article raises the following questions: 1- What explanation does Ibn Khaldun give of war? 2. What are the most important factors in the sociology-anthropology of Ibn Khaldun's beginning and end of the war? 3) What factors influence the outcome of the war?. The findings of this study show that Ibn Khaldun regards war as a natural phenomenon in human relations. He divides wars into legitimate and illegitimate on the basis of primitive or civilized; in Ibn Khaldun's view, wars based on primitive values are illegitimate and wars that order Are civil, legitimate. Ibn Khaldun considers the most important elements of sociology-anthropology as the initiator of illegitimate wars as the natural excess of mankind, the struggle for mere power, and the most important factors of sociology-anthropology as the initiation of war, tribal loyalty social order and the spread of religious beliefs. At the same time, he focuses on the sociological-anthropological factors of legitimate wars and illicit wars with realistic factors (such as military might) and extraneous factors (such as fortunes and secrecy);. The present paper uses text-based reading method.

Abstract Abstract Abstract In the field of the possibility, necessity and quality of the production of religious science, different perspectives and opinions have been presented, one of the most important and most important of these views is related to Ayatullah Javadi Amoli, which is reformed as an ijtihadi approach It is remembered. Considering the scientific status and the importance of his theory among various approaches to the production of religious science, this paper seeks a thorough and comprehensive examination of his approach. Therefore, using the discourse analysis method of Laclau Mouffe, the discursive elements of his approach are identified and presented in a semantic-communicative system. Based on discourse analysis, the element of "religious comprehension" and its maximum look at it, as the superior sign, are at the center of its theory, and other elements identified as sliders in connection with this sign are defined. And with articulation, they have been linked with each other.

Human being is a social being, in the light of social interactions and interpersonal relationships whose material and spiritual needs are fulfilled. Strength and durability of social relationships require mutual trust. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role and place of trust in human social relationships and states that trust in the Quran is a kind of risk that is formed with goodwill to others and necessary for the establishment and sustainability of social relationships The Holy Quran introduces benevolence and honesty, devotion, trust, and the right to justice as well as the components of trust that their realization is necessary for creating trustworthiness. From the point of view of the Qur'an, one can not trust anyone in any circumstances. Trust must be wise and based on wise criteria. This research is an applied and applied research and has been written using descriptive-analytical method based on Quranic verses.

The establishment of the Islamic Republic in Iran, as an unprecedented form of government, and its quality and effectiveness has absorbed many critics in recent years. Islamic feminism is one of those approaches that emerged in response to this revitalization of the political Islam in late 1970s and has become popular since 1990s. The present study uses Margot Badran's theory of women's citizenship in Islamic states and addresses two pioneer Islamic feminists, Leila Ahmed and Saba Mahmood, to examine their approach toward the possibility and quality of women's social and political participation in an Islamic form of state. It, then, puts their ideas in a comparative framework with Ayatollah Khomeini's, as the main founding father of the Islamic Republic. The results indicate two absolutely distinct approaches as Ahmed and Mahmood reject even the assumption of women's social and political rights and participation in an Islamic form of state due to its religious metanarratives with the embedded discrimination and misogyny. In Ayatollah Khomeni's view; however, achieving women's social and political rights and participation is not only possible, but also, an essential of the Islamic state. For him, women also make the cultural identity of the Islamic society, so, their consensus and participation warrants the existence and the continuity of the Islamic state.

Growth ideological Islam has an important role in mobilizing the masses And led to the dominance of traditional Islam in Iran is political Islam And political and cultural consequences of this can be seen in the years after the Islamic Revolution. Has been criticized by some contemporary intellectuals. The method used in this study is a documentary-analytical method. The findings suggest that Daryush Shayegan is one of the most Iranian intellectuals the critic Ideological Islam. This process has seen his ideology tradition And believes that the tradition of ideology than with Eastern spirituality is lost And through the reproduction of tradition in a modern form of internal logic is accepted modernity without knowing it. Ideological traditions can not provide facilities for the production spirituality And purely political function will have to compete with modern ideologies. He sees ideology as false consciousness as false consciousness And believes that religion becomes ideology negative reaction to the collapse of the Eastern traditions in the face of the onslaught of secular rationality and modernity Myth busting. That the tradition has turned into a political tool for historical alienation And spiritual capacities for the sake of political mythology of the modern world is customary. Shayeganbelieves,Transform religion into ideology caused the collapse of the deep meanings of religions in the modern age.

The new mission of the Iranian people in the "second step of the revolution" and the new chapter in the life of the Islamic Republic, is the culmination of the fifth decade after the victory of the Islamic Revolution. The stage after the systematization and state-building of the introduction of Islamic-Iranian civilization in its new form and knowledge is due to the rising sun of the great province and affects the social life of human beings in the current millennium. But this socialization is based on the slogans of the Islamic Revolution, the morale and revolutionary movement, the question which is worthy of studying is whether it is between the "revolutionary boom" that requires mobilization, mobilization, jihadism, continuous movement and change And there is no contradiction between "socialization" for social order and stability? By answering this question, by a descriptive and analytical method, the leadership of the Supreme Leader came to the conclusion that there was no contradiction between revolution ism and social order, and even the political order, but, incidentally, from the requirements for shaping the desired society in The social thought of Ayatollah Khamenei is the revolutionary process of the Islamic system in its true sens.

The urgent need of today's housing planning is not only the newest theories and techniques but also the localization of the above approaches in order to develop favorable housing in Iranian society. The "Hedonic" valuation method associated with identifying the housing value, has been used for numerous reasons. This paper, which is based on a comparative research strategy and logical reasoning method, is to examine the value concept of a Western-style housing "hedonic" model, compared to the "Allamah Tabatabai's" Value Regards. Tabataba'i, among the Islamic thinkers, with the Mental Understandings idea and the particular opinions that he provides about Mental Understandings and Practical Reason, has made it possible to achieve the concept of value in an Islamic society. Research findings shows the individual-based look in the "hedonic" model has led to the fact that value is actually the result of individual preferences, which are the most frequent, and a feature with more important coefficient, should be considered as a public interest; what, according to Allama's view, can't necessarily guarantee the perfection and ultimate Prosperity of Man. similarly, some of the values identified in the model are physical and environmental characteristics that have become popular in our cities as a model. In Allamah's value regards, the identification of the value in urban housing planning of Islamic societies, combined with thoughts derived from Islamic philosophy and the ethics, besides collective values governing the community and affecting the structure, can be a key factor in refining, supplementing, and adapting the "Hedonic" value model to the prevailing Islamic ideology.