فهرست مطالب

Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics - Volume:4 Issue: 3, Summer 2018

Journal of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Summer 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/03/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Shima Hadavi, Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo Page 1
    Objectives

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks aerobic exercises and resveratrol supplementation on oxidative stress markers in women with metabolic syndrome.

    Methods

    A double-blind study was carried out with participation of 32 overweight women with metabolic syndrome. The participants were randomly categorized into four groups of aerobic exercise, resveratrol supplement, and exercise plus the supplement and control. The exercise protocol was eight weeks long with three 60 min sessions every week. The supplement and placebo used in the study were 400 mg/day. The malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity serum levels were measured at the beginning and end of the study.

    Results

    The results of statistical analysis showed that the eight weeks aerobic exercise led to a significant decrease in malondialdehyde and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity in the exercise, exercise plus supplement, and resveratrol supplement groups compared to control group with greater effect in exercise plus supplement group.

    Conclusion

    Using resveratrol supplement along with aerobic exercises can be effective in attenuating oxidative stress. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm these results.

    Keywords: Aerobic exercise, Overweight, Resveratrol, Metabolic syndrome
  • Fery Widiany, Yuni Afriani, Abdul Rohman Page 2
    Objective

    One of the major problem contributing to haemodialysis failure is the problem of patient compliance. The support that can be given as a form of attention to patients can be carried out with continuous nutritional monitoring measures using a simple, effective and efficient method, namely Short Message Service (SMS) reminder. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of nutritional monitoring by SMS reminder to albumin levels of hemodialysis patients.

    Methods

    This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post with one group control design, involving 30 participants taken by purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were >18 years of age, willing to be a participant and follow the procedure, having a mobile phone and be able to operate it, can read and write. Patients with systemic edema and malignancy complications were excluded. The independent variable was nutritional monitoring by SMS reminder, while the dependent variable was albumin level. Univariate and bivariate data were analyzed using independent T-test.

    Results

    After the intervention, 100% of participants in the intervention group had normal albumin levels. However, the average difference between pre-post albumin levels in the treatment group was greater (0.87 mg/dL) than the control group (0.57 mg/dL) which was statistically significant (p-value = 0.04).

    Conclusion

    Nutritional monitoring by SMS reminder effectively affects the albumin level of hemodialysis patients.

    Keywords: Albumin Level, Counseling, Education, Haemodialysis Patients, Nutritional Monitoring, Nutritional Status, SMS Reminder
  • Seyed Ali Hosseini, Somayeh Norouzi, Najmeh Rafiee, Parvin Farzanegi, Omidreza Salehi, Fatemeh Farkhaie Page 3
    Objective

    Diabetes and obesity are closely related with each other. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of endurance training and crocin on aerobic capacity, weight and diet in high fat diet and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

    Methods

    In this experimental study, 49 adult diabetic rats (induced by high-fat diet and venous injection of streptozotocin) were randomly assigned to (1) high intensity interval training (HIIT), (2) low intensity continuous training(LICT), (3) HIIT and crocin consumption, (4) LICT and crocin consumption, (5) crocin consumption, (6) sham and (7) control. HIIT and LICT groups exercised on a rodent treadmill for eight weeks, three sessions per week, with an intensity of 80- 85, and 50- 55 percent of maximum speed, respectively, and crocin consumption groups received peritoneally 25 mg/kg of crocin each day for eight weeks. The data were analyzed by independent sample t-test, dependent sample t-test, two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests (p≤0.05).

    Results

    Eight weeks of endurance training had a significant effect on weight loss, dietary intake and increased aerobic capacity (p≤0.05). Crocin consumption and endurance training have interactive effects on weight loss (p≤0.05) However, this interaction is not significant in increasing aerobic capacity and dietary intake. (p≥0.05).

    Conclusions

    It seems that endurance training and crocin consumption have interactive effects on weight loss in high fat diet and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

    Keywords: Training, Crocin, Aerobic Capacity, Diet, Weight, Diabetes
  • Hashem Yavari, Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh, Fatemeh Ranjbar Kermani, Mostafa Qorbani Page 4
    Background

    Food insecurity is defined as the limited or uncertain availability of enough food for permanent active and healthy life. Attention Deficit and Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood, presenting with pervasive and impairing symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, or a combination. There is scientific evidence that some dietary strategies and socioeconomic factors may be useful to improve the symptoms of ADHD and benefit the social, cognitive and academic performance of children and adolescents with ADHD. This Study is aimed at determining the association between food insecurity and ADHD in newly diagnosed patients.

    Methods

    This case-control Study was conducted in Iran in 2017 among 146 patients with ADHD as cases and 146 healthy children as controls, who referred to health and medical centers under the supervision of Tehran universities of medical sciences, while, age, sex and location of living had matched. The general and United States Department of Agriculture household food security questionnaires were completed. A structured questionnaire was used with a wide range of questions for the evaluation of Socioeconomic Status (SES) and the presence of ADHD was diagnosed using the questionnaire of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition.

    Results

    The food insecurity prevalence was 68.5% and 40.4% in cases and controls, respectively. Food insecurity, low economic level and ethnicity were significantly associated with this disorder (P<0.05).

    Conclusion

    Food insecurity was one of the important risk factors for Children with ADHD that health care providers should consider it.

    Keywords: Food insecurity, ADHD, Socio-economic status, Tehran
  • Azimeh Izadi, Foad Asjodi Page 5
    Objective

    The prevalence of eating disorders at young adults is rapidly increasing. However, a few studies have examined the risk of eating disorders and psychological factors including body dissatisfaction and stress in females of non-Western societies. The current study was designed to assess the prevalence and correlates of eating disorders risk among Iranian females.

    Methods

    The participants were 221 females from Tehran participating in sports clubs. The 26-item Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), Photographic figure rating scale and the Beck depression test were used. An eat-26 score of 20 or more was considered as eating disorders risk cutoff.

    Results

    The overall prevalence of disordered eating attitude was 49.8%. Additionally, 62.4% reported the history of overeating and 43% reported the experience of being unable to control their eating and food intake. In simple Spearman correlation, there were significant associations between eating disorders risk with depression, body dissatisfaction, and anthropometric indices. In addition, weight control behaviors were prevalent in subjects, 43.0% and 31.2% for dieting and over-exercise, respectively.

    Conclusion

    This study found a high prevalence of disordered eating. The findings revealed poor psychological state may increase eating disorders risk. This warrants awareness improvement and developing appropriate interventions targeting depression and satisfaction with body among females.

    Keywords: Eating disorders, Eating attitude, Weight management, Young adults, Women’s health, Body satisfaction, depression
  • Somaye Fatahi, Zahra Aslani, Kurosh Djafarian Page 6
    Objectives

    Existing research on the association between dietary acid load and blood pressure is not conclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to combine findings of evidence regarding the association between dietary acid load and blood pressure.

    Methods

    MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies published up to November 2016. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was tested using Cochrane Q test. Subgroup analysis was done according to the method used for estimating dietary acid load.

    Result

    Of 7033 papers, eight articles (seven cross-sectional and one longitudinal studies) were eligible for inclusion. Higher dietary acid load was associated with high systolic blood pressure (mean difference (MD)= 0.840 mm Hg, 95%CI:  0.043 , 1.637; I2=98.4%; p=039) and diastolic blood pressure ((MD)= 0.754 mm Hg, 95%CI:  0.273 , 1.235; I2=75.1%; p=002). Subgroup analysis showed that population type and sex for both of SBP and DBP and also basic blood pressure and age only for DBP were the potential sources of heterogeneity. 

    Conclusion

    Analysis suggests that high dietary acid load was associated with greater blood pressure. Further studies are needed to explore the precise impact of low dietary acid load on blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

    Keywords: Dietary acid load, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure