فصلنامه بازی جنگ
پیاپی 4 (پاییز 1398)

This article examines the detection of objects (targets) as well as the damage assessment caused by combat operations. Object detection using imagery in military operations is widely used to discover the commander's important objectives at the scene to prevent the threat of attack. One of the important applications of object recognition in battle scene imagery is to detect the target to counter it. In this paper, in order to assess the damage, we first identify the objects in the images using the Haar cascade classification method. After identifying the objects, the damage assessment operation is described by matching the images and obtaining the differences in the images. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is illustrated by a practical example.

One important problem in strategical planning is about defense management of the silos, including continental ballistic missile. Various tactics are employed in order to increase the possibility of successful protection of such silos in response to the first attack of the enemy. In addition to new technologies, management of technologies is far important in success and less important in failure. Wargaming is regarded as one of the defense management methods. Decision-maker uses different mathematics and Artificial Intelligence methods besides the experiences of military intellectuals. Game theory is a method of modelling and solving the problem of decision-making in military terms. For example, how decisions are going to allocate to defense and attack sectors is one of the application of technology management. In anti-ballistic missile defense, it is possible to allocate the optimal number of wayfounder missiles toward the defensed silos, increasing the protected silos. In this research, the way of employing game theory in order to analyze and model this problem is used, that is, the defender how to allocate way-founder missiles, and the attacker how distribute the multi-headed ballistic missiles. This problem is considered as a constant-sum game, which is a type of the zero-sum game. Finally, by using min-max and max-min methods, the solution and the equilibrium are presented.

Security is one of the most important concerns around the world. In most fields of security, accessibility to security resources for protection is limited. Some important issues, including universal threats of terrorism, drug-smuggling, has increased our requirement of settling limited security resources in order to maximize the efficiency of resources. Game theory provides a logical method in order for allocating security resources to prevent enemies’ targets. In addition, it helps us to analyze a competitive situation using a mathematical approach. The aim of this paper is to study Stackleberg games model and its applications in allocating limited security resources. In this model, first, the defender chooses its strategy and then the attacker, with information of what the defender chose, chooses its strategy. Now, the defender has to make its decision. In most security problems, the defender maybe confronts two or more different attackers which they have their own targets. These games are called multi-objective Stackelberg Games which is formulated as multi-objective optimization problem. For determining the payoffs of each player, the experts’ opinions are employed and also for modelling the uncertainty due to the experts’ opinions, the theory of uncertainty is used. Then the method of weighted summation for this type of games has been used. Finally, an application of this model for providing security in borders is expressed.

This study examines capital accumulation, military spending, arms accumulation, and output growth in a stochastic endogenous growth model. The analysis shows that higher (lower) growth in foreign military spending leads to faster (slower) economic growth in the home country if the home country’s intertemporal substitution elasticity in consumption is smaller (larger); but more volatility in foreign military spending can lead to higher economic growth in the home country when its intertemporal substitution elasticity is large. In addition, shocks to output production may stimulate economic growth.

Wargaming is one of the methods of training for military commanders in field of decision taking and decision making. Game theory is used as one of the techniques of wargaming in modeling problems with conflict situations. The aim of this article is to introduce readers about games of Colonel Blotto and Colonel Richard. In these games, the two blue and red commanders are competing in a single battle position on several fronts. Proper allocation of forces according to the rules of the game by the players will lead to victory in the game. After introducing the introductory version of Colonel Blato's game, a special type of game, Colonel Richard's, is discussed and a solution is presented.

Terrorism is undoubtedly one of the most important issues in today's society. Given the relationship between terrorist acts and targeted governments, we can use game theory as an appropriate way to investigate terrorist and anti-terrorist operations. In this study, we show how game theory helps us understand terrorism and counterterrorism policies. Then, using game theory, we take a hostage model. Finally, we are faced with an asymmetric information game, given the lack of full information between governments and terrorists. In this situation, we analyze the game using the marking game.