فصلنامه پرستاری دیابت
سال هفتم شماره 4 (پاییز 1398)

Appropriate dietary pattern plays a leading role in the control and treatment of diabetes. The recent studies have linked specific foods, such as fruits and vegetables, and the quality of carbohydrate intakes, such as high fiber, low glycemic index, and whole-grain intake, to lower risk of type II diabetes. The current research aimed at determining the dietary patterns in patients with type II diabetes and its relationship with body mass index (BMI) in Zabol, Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 patients with type II diabetes referred to Diabetes Clinique of Zabol. The participants were selected by simple random sampling and the data were collected using a questionnaire, including demographic and anthropometric information. Lipids profiles extracted from files of patients. A semi-quantitative FFQ questionnaire was used to collect the food items consumed by the participants. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19).

As evidenced by the obtained results, three major dietary patterns, including healthy, traditional, and high-protein dietary patterns were identified in the present study. Healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower weight and BMI (P<0.05). Nonetheless, no association was observed between traditional and high-protein dietary patterns with anthropometric indices (P>0.05).

The results of the present study indicated that dietary pattern is associated with the risk of increased weight and BMI. Moreover, the modification of dietary patterns and following a healthy dietary pattern can exert dramatic effects on anthropometric indices and can be used to control type II diabetes.

The incidence of diabetes disrupts the regular flow of life and affects the quality of life in different aspects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the quality of life and physical indices of patients with diabetes. 

This semi-experimental study was conducted based on a pre- and post-test design. The statistical population consisted of all patients with diabetes who referred to Alzahra Hospital and Kourosh Clinic in Isfahan during 2018. A targeted sampling method was used to perform the sampling. In total, 24 patients with diabetes were selected and assigned randomly into two groups of control and experimental. The experimental group was subjected to acceptance and commitment therapy during eight 90-min sessions. The data were collected before and after the intervention using a questionnaire, physical indices, and urine samples. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 23) through  analysis of covariance, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Fisher's F-test.

The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on the quality of life, physical and mental health, and physical indices of patients (P<0.05).

According to the results of this study, acceptance and commitment therapy can be used to improve the quality of life and physical indices among diabetic patients.

The current study aimed to answer the folloeing question: Did we manage to do this effectively? In so doing, it presented the threefold results of an action research: 1) how did this research affect participants? , 2) how did it affect the researcher? , and 3)  did the power allocation which is the prerequisite for a participatory research take place?

This action research with Kemmis and McTaggart’s approach has started in Isfahan since 2011 and numerous people and organizations have gradually participated in its different stages.

The obtained data indicated the effectiveness of the program for the main participants (people with diabetes) and for attracting the participation of other groups which demonstrates the success of the program. The effects on the researcher and power distribution that must be taken into account in each action research have been also addressed.

As evidenced by the results of the current study, with the available facilities and in the current conditions, the implementation of an appropriate approach could reduce stigma at a large scale.

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases, which also affects individuals' mental and psychological characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the effect of well-being therapy on reducing depression, improving self-management, and controlling the blood glucose level in females with Type II diabetes.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with control and intervention groups. The participants were selected from females with type 2 diabetes referring to Parsian Diabetes Clinic in Mashhad, Iran, during 2018-19. Subsequently, the patients were randomly divided into intervention (n=26) and control (n=26) groups. The intervention group received eight 90-minute sessions of group therapy based on the Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale for three months. On the other hand, the control group received no therapeutic intervention. The data were collected before and after the intervention using Beck’s Depression Inventory, Thompson and Toobert’s Self-Management Inventory, and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24).

The results revealed that well-being therapy had a significant effect on depression, self-management, and HbA1c in patients with type II diabetes. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups (P<0.05) in this study. 

According to the results, well-being therapy is effective in improving self-management, as well as reducing depression and HbA1c levels in patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended that this treatment approach be used to help improve the psychological well-being of these patients.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and one of its treatments is adherence to a diet. Numerous studies have shown that the most effective training programs are according to theory-based approaches. Extended parallel process paradigms are among health education models on the basis of fear, sensitivity, and self-efficacy of patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of the extended parallel process model on diet adherence of type II diabetic patients.

This experimental study was performed in two randomly divided intervention (n=30) and control (n=30) groups at Gonbad Kavous Diabetic Clinic in Golestan, Iran, in 2019. The control group received routine care education for diabetic patients, and the experimental group received six sessions of 45-60 min training with the extended parallel process model. The data collection tool was a 34-item diet adherence questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS  software (version 21) using paired t-test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

The results of ANCOVA after the removal of the pretest showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of dietary compliance (P<0.01; Eta=0.28). Accordingly, 28% of posttest changes could be due to the extended parallel pattern training.

Extended parallel process pattern increases diet adherence in diabetic patients. Therefore, based on the results of this study and effectiveness of the extended parallel process model on diabetic adherence of diabetic patients, it can be concluded that self-efficacy as a predictor of diet adherence is predictive of disease control and complications.

One of the most common complications of diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the loss of balance, postural control disorder and falling down. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of resistance and aquatic exercises on balance in DPN patients in 2019, in the Shahbazi pool, Kermanshah, Iran.

This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 30 women inflicted with DPN who referred to Diabetes Research Center in Kermanshah. The subjects were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups, including aquatic exercises (n=10), resistance exercises (n=10), and control (n=10). Resistance and aquatic exercise groups had a training program of 8 weeks which included 40-minute sessions three times a week. The static and dynamic balance, simple reaction time, and choice reaction time of the subjects were evaluated before and after the exercises. Finally, ANCOVA and paired t-test were used for the data analysis. A p-value of less than 0.5 was considered statistically significant.

Both resistance and aquatic exercises resulted in improvement regarding simple reaction time, choice reaction time, and static and dynamic balance, compared to the control group (P<0.001). Aquatic exercise protocol resulted in significant improvement in static balance with the eyes closed (P<0.001) and choice reaction time (P=0.001), compared to the resistance and control groups.

Based on the results, it seems that aquatic exercises are more effective regarding balance and simple and choice reaction time in comparison to resistance exercises, in DPN patients

Since lifestyle affects one’s health, health-promoting activities and a healthy lifestyle are major strategies to facilitate and preserve health. Nowadays, gestational diabetes is one of the most prevalent complications of pregnancy affecting maternal and fetal health.  The present study aimed to determine the impact of the consultation on the promotion of healthy lifestyles in women with gestational diabetes referring to educational-medical centers affiliated to Zabol University of Medical Sciences in 2018.

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 70 mothers with gestational diabetes admitted to educational-medical centers affiliated to Zabol University of Medical Sciences. The study participants were selected based on convenience sampling and were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group received 7 counseling sessions.  Data collection tools included demographic form, and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II questionnaire.

Based on the obtained results, the intervention and control groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics and mean score of health promotion behaviors and did not differ significantly before the intervention (P>0.05). However, a significant increase was observed in the total score of health promoting behaviors in the intervention group 153.48(7.52), as compared to the control group 113.57(5.14); P <0.001).

Midwives can improve the lifestyle of mothers with gestational diabetes and reduce the complications of gestational diabetes with proper care and health promotion lifestyle counseling in health centers