نشریه سیاست های راهبردی و کلان
پیاپی 28 (زمستان 1398)

in this study, we try to examine the interrelationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel energy consumption in the short and long run, Without prejudging the endogenous or exougenous nature of each one. Also, the effect of foreign direct investment and exports and imports on each of the variables of economic growth, energy use and carbon dioxide emissions was investigated separately. For this purpose, gross domestic product per capita, per capita carbon dioxide, foreign direct investment, energy use (oil equivalent) export and import levels were used during the period from 1970 to 2015. The results of impuls response functions indicate that there is a two-way relationship between each of the variables of energy consumption and GDP and carbon dioxide emission. Also, the results of variance decomposition indicate that in the long run, among the variables studied, last year's economic growth, export and direct foreign investment have the greatest impact on GDP. and The amount of last year's CO2 emission, economic growth and export will have the greatest impact on carbon dioxide emissions.

According to the fifth item of statement by supreme leader which was released after the publication of the basic Islamic-Iranian Model of Progress document that was requested from universities, hawzah and researchers to evaluate this document deeply and participate in promotion of this document to plat road map of country progress, by presenting clear proposals This research has been done to respond to above-mentioned request . In this article, we first review critiques of the process of document compilation and then critiques of the result and its results in three sections: at first shortcomings and defects in the pre-codification of the model, second the errors and the ongoing errors in the pattern and pattern of the model, and third the feasibility of implementing of the model. The result of the survey shows that at least forty-nine defects, errors in the three above-mentioned stages in preparation of Process model. Therefore, it seems that the published document still needs to work on and its realization will not be simply feasible, and it is necessary to consider it during the two-year's time which has given to eliminate the shortcomings and defects to correct and complete the model with the help of the elites and intellectuals.

Security and development are two important and crucial issues for governments in the current world and for this reason, thinkers have made lots of efforts to explain the nexus between them. Establishing this relationship is difficult in developing countries like Iran, due to the overcoming of security approaches and security priorities on development. Considering the importance of the issue, in this study we have examined the impact of security discourses on development plans in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question of the research is how have national security discourses influenced development plans in the Islamic Republic of Iran? In response to this question, it is emphasized that the contradiction between identity-based security discourse and developmental security discourse has caused inconsistency in content and lack of achievement to goals of the development plans in the Islamic Republic of Iran. To examine this hypothesis, using discourse analysis method, the first attempt was identifying identity-based and developmental security discourses and those attitudes toward security and development through the historical and theoretical reviews. In the next step, by analyzing the content of development plans and considering their performance, we have shown that the reason for not achieving the goals of development plans was the contradiction between those and the security discourses.

Living in today's world with the appearance of communication and information technology caused the development of competitive advantage and in the meantime the Electronic Government is the most striking example of it from which the state institutions and organizations are going to use in order to facilitate the services and obtain the customer's satisfaction.In spite of the entire endeavor made to implement the Electronic Government in recent years, the complete establishment of it has faced many challenges and obstacles.This survey has been done to identify the obstacles of the establishment of the Electronic Government in Tehran municipality in which after assessing the theoretical basis of survey, ten effective factors (from past researches) in different organizations have been identified and evaluated in Tehran Municipality.Present research is semi-exploratory and without assumption.The questionnaire designed according to ten questions of the survey and distributed among the personnel of Tehran Municipality and the examination of the model has done by SPSS and AMOS software (kolmogorov-smirnov, confirmatory factor analysis and T-Test).The results confirm the effects of all these ten factors included: human factors, management factors, environmental, financial, social, cultural, organizational, security, technical and political factors. The results show that these 10 factors are the most important and powerful obstacles in establishment of the Electronic Government in Tehran Municipality.

The World Bank annually ratings "Doing Business" in terms of improving the business environment of 190 countries, surveying private sector activists in each country, indicating ease of starting, maintaining and expanding business. The overall policies of the system, such as employment general policies, general policies of national production, support for the Iranian labor and capital, and Sixth Development Plan General Policies have emphasized the improvement of business conditions and the promotion of Iran's position. In this regard, this paper, by documentary method and based on World Bank's 2020 Doing Business Report, Iran's position in each of its sub-indices and components is compared with the first world countries and region in the same sub-index. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the major problem of Iran is related to the time and the number of stages of obtaining business licenses and the legal force of business rights. Based on the results of the research ، the proposed strategies are presented in two areas: reduction of administrative bureaucracy and legal changes.

Entrepreneurship education in childhood encourage kids choosing entrepreneurship as job career, it will develop entrepreneurial culture and will have next generation of entrepreneurs. While, inappropriate education in entrepreneurship can fade entrepreneurship characteristics in this age. So, benchmarking of the leading countries in the field of entrepreneurship education of children in this matter is very helpful. This article aims to examine the goals, content and teaching methods of entrepreneurship education in elementary schools in some selected countries and presents a model for Iran by using comparative analysis. The statistical sample is leading countries in entrepreneurship education of children. The sample of study is based on GEM reports (2014) with high rate of entrepreneurship education include United State, Norway and Portugal. With study of leading countries, we present a pattern of entrepreneurship education program in elementary school in Iran. Findings help policy makers to deduct entrepreneurship education program and planners of text books to implemented in text books of students in elementary school.

Education and education are essential as one of the key pillars of economic development that boosts talent and improves the quality of manpower. Against gender discrimination in education and training can be a serious obstacle to the achievement of societies for economic growth and development. Accordingly, one can consider the study of women's education and its role in economic development from this point of view. This research analyzes the role of women's education in economic development in 13 selected Islamic countries including Iran, Turkey, Indonesia, Pakistan, Qatar, Algeria, Lebanon, Egypt, Morocco, Tajikistan, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia and Kyrgyzstan between 2000 and 2014) Using the dynamic data panel model and modified least squares estimation methods (FMOLS) and dynamic least squares (DOLS) methods. Our criterion for choosing these countries is the availability of statistical data. According to the results, women's education has had a positive and significant effect on GDP growth in these countries. Therefore, in view of the theoretical and statistical descriptions of this study, it is necessary to adopt appropriate policies for the development of science in order to promote economic growth in these countries.

Within the world of tourism development, it is indisputable for strategic planning of tourism, especially for defining and existence of a development strategy for tourism. The implementation of the development strategy for tourism is determined by the functioning of strategic management in tourism. Strategic management is a proactive process of achieving long-term compatibility of the corresponding field in planned tourism environment. This management is a profitable way for implementation of priority development goals in tourism, set by the national economy, which is affected by tourism development. Strategic management basically has all the necessary features that promise efficiency and effectiveness in achieving development goals in tourism. This study emphasizes the role of strategic management in development tourism and Analysisthe current state of tourism in Iran, andPays to status of tourism in the age of globalization. And expressed that the use of strategic management can take steps to better future for the tourism industry And relying on the capacities, capabilities and current strengths, we look to the future with a better insight and building on the strengths of the tourism industry' re designed, organized and polished, The results show that tourism is essentially integrated with other economic sectors and therefore Cannot be individually taken into consideration of tourism Process with other indicators shaping the future of the world..