Caspian Journal of Dental Research
Volume:9 Issue: 1, Mar 2020

The inclination of the occlusal plane (OP) is related to type of dental occlusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the inclination of occlusal plane in Class II patients treated with the upper first premolars extraction or non-extraction modalities.

Totally, forty 16-25-year-old patients (15 males and 25 females) with class II malocclusion, whose active phase of orthodontic treatment was completed using MBT with 0.022-inch slot size, were selected. Twenty patients were treated with extraction of upper first premolars and the rest were treated without any extraction. Pre- and post-treatment cephalograms were traced and several cephalometric variables were measured. The pre- and post-treatment changes of angles within each group and between two groups were compared via paired t-test and independent t-test, respectively. The statistically significant level was set at p<0.05.

After treatment, functional occlusal plane (FOP) angle to sella-nasion (SN) plane angle increased in both groups (0.5 degree in extraction group and 0.6 degree in non-extraction group), which was not statistically significant in both groups. Bisecting occlusal plane (BOP) angle to SN plane one in the extraction group enhanced by 0.8 degree, which was not statistically significant, but it decreased by 0.8  degree in the non-extraction group, which was not statistically significant.

Although the use of extraction and non-extraction protocols for the treatment of Class II patients did not cause significant changes in the BOP-SN and FOP-SN angles, small changes in these angles can have marked clinical changes in facial harmony and occlusal relationships. Extraction decision depending on factors such as amount of crowding, incisors protrusion, etc.

The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) in detecting the horizontal root fractures (HRFs) in teeth with and without gutta-percha.

This in vitro study was performed on 100 mandibular and maxillary single-rooted teeth. In 55 samples, the canals were prepared. Then, the horizontal fracture was induced randomly in 56 (29 with gutta-percha, 27 without gutta-percha) samples. The samples were mounted on a wax rim, and the CBCT scan was provided. The scans were examined by two endodontists twice with two-week interval. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, IL, USA). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), likelihood ratio (LR +, LR -) with 95% confidence interval were calculated.

The sensitivity and specificity were 72% and 100% for the group with gutta-percha as well as 89% and 100% for the group without gutta-percha, respectively. The coefficient of agreement for each observer within two observations was 0.940±0.034 and 0.960±0.028 (P<0.001). The inter observer agreement was 0.092±0.039 (P<0.001).

The CBCT scans have high accuracy in diagnosis of horizontal root fracture and gutta-percha although they reduce the diagnostic accuracy with no significant effect.

Biochemical markers play an important role in the growth and repair of bone and can be evaluated in different biological fluids. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the level of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in urine as a puberty index and to compare it with cervical vertebral maturational stages (CVMSs) in lateral cephalometry.

In this cross-sectional study, 50 8-18-year-old patients (males and females), referred to Faculty of Dentistry with CVMS of 2 to 6 and needed orthodontic treatment as well as lateral cephalometry were selected. All of these patients were healthy. The CVMSs were recorded based on lateral cephalometric radiographs and urinary levels of IGF-I was determined using a urine-based ELISA kit. Mean IGF-I values for each CVMS were analyzed by Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests in SPSS. P<0.05 was statistically considered as significant level.

In this study, the mean age of participants, ranged from 8 to 18 years was 12.96±3.82. There was no statistically significant difference in gender distribution between CVM groups (P=0.106). The level of urinary IGF-I had no significant difference between groups, except for CVMS3 group (P=0.073). In CS3, the mean urinary IGF-I level was 0.2727, representing a significant difference from other groups (P=0.000). IGF-I levels had no significant differences between males (0.03±0.04) and females (0.08±0.011), (P=0.492).

The highest urinary IGF-I level was found in both genders in CVMS 3 and 4, which coincided with peak growth spurt in patients.

Periodontitis is a common disease in patients with diabetes. There is a significant relationship between hyperglycemic degree and severity of periodontitis, but the base of mechanism of this relationship has not been fully defined. Considering the important role of cytokines in periodontal pathogenesis and considering that there has been no study on the comparison of interleukin 35 (IL-35) in these diseases, the aim of this study was to determine the level of this salivary cytokine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with generalized moderate chronic periodontitis.

Totally, 88 subjects (44 female, 44 males) with a mean age of 42.5±10.5 years old participated in this case control study. The subjects were divided into four groups and each group included 22 subjects: Group 1: generalized moderate chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes, Group 2: generalized moderate chronic periodontitis patients without diabetes, Group 3: diabetic patients with normal periodontium, Group 4: healthy periodontium and non-diabetic group (control) Then saliva were collected and centrifuged, the amount of IL-35 was determined with commercial ELISA kit. Data were analyzed . ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests were used to compare the groups.

The Mean±SD of IL-35 was significantly higher in the control group (22.59±8.36, p<0.05) than other groups (Group1: 13.12±5.62, Group2: 14.27±8.55, Group3: 15.12±8.13). Mean comparison of IL-35 in other groups had no significant difference (P>0.05).

The salivary IL-35 level is decreased in both periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. However, diabetes mellitus does not exacerbate this decline in patients with periodontitis.

The frontal sinus is the most variable part of the paranasal sinuses in terms of symmetry, anatomical features and degree of development. The aim of this study was to assess the morphometric changes of the frontal sinus in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

In this cross-sectional study, 200 CBCT images were examined for anatomical variations such as the presence of frontal sinus, sinus symmetry, lateral frontal sinus extension (LFSE) to orbital roof, scalloping, septum and type of septum. Moreover, Crista Galli (CG) was divided into three equal segments of anterior, middle and posterior in order to have a precise criterion for determining the location of the frontal recess in coronal plane. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with T-test and Chi-square at significant level of P<0.05.

Of 200 cases, 113 and 87 ones were male and female with the mean age of 18‒88 years. The results showed that frontal sinus was bilateral in all cases and symmetric in 113(57%) cases. The LFSE to orbital roof had a significant relationship with gender, so that at the external one-third, the LFSE was less frequent in women than men (P <0.001). The most frequent location of the frontal recess was in the posterior one-third of CG (85 (43%)) with significant difference (P=0.012).

In this study, frontal sinuses were rather symmetric, and the use of the anatomical CG marker in multiplanar (MPR) images was not feasible method for rapid detection of the frontal recess location in coronal plane.

Evaluation of the position of anterior teeth in the alveolar bone for planning implant treatments is so important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thickness of buccolingual/palatal bone at anterior teeth roots and the angle between the tooth root axis and alveolar bone axis.

In this cross-sectional study, the position of root apex, angle between the tooth root axis and alveolar bone axis as well as thickness of buccolingual/palatal bone in 2,4,6 mm from alveolar crest and root apex areas were evaluated in the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 360 maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. The data were then analyzed by ANOVA and t-test.

Twenty eight females and 27 males with the mean age of 43.13 ± 10.91 participated (181 female teeth and 179 male teeth) in the current study. In maxillary anterior teeth, the buccal bone thickness was thinner than the palatal bone and was significantly smaller in females than males (p≤0.0001). The thinnest area in buccal bone was in 4mm from alveolar crest in female’s lateral incisor of maxilla (0.09±0.02). The thickness of the palatal bone in the maxillary lateral incisors was significantly thicker in females than males. The thickness of lingual bone was thicker in mandibular lateral incisors and canines than in buccal bone and the lingual bone thickness was significantly thicker in males than females. The apex position of anterior teeth was predominantly buccally in the maxilla (%94), while it was middle in the mandible (%44).

Due to the small thickness of buccal bone, evaluation of the position of implant fixtures in maxillary anterior teeth is of great importance.

The aim of this study was to determine satisfaction in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in the orthodontics department of Babol Dental Faculty.

Totally, 76 participants answered to a self-administrated questionnaire, categorized into 4 sections: "physician- patient relationship”, “social – mental improvement”, “admittance and environment-related factors”, “patients’ overall experience of treatment”. The answer to each question was scored in 5 levels from “completely disagree” with -2 scores to “completely agree” with +2 scores. Positive scores (+1 and +2) to questions were considered as high satisfaction.

Generally, 90% of participants reported high scores of satisfaction with “patient-physician relationship”, 75% with “environmental factors”, 72% with “overall experience of treatment” and finally 60% of them had high satisfaction with “social-mental improvement”.

A high level of satisfaction was reported by orthodontic patients in orthodontics department of Babol Dental Faculty.