نشریه اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی
پیاپی 30 (بهار 1399)

Without government intervention, grow and achieve high levels of economic wealth is not achievable. Communities where a relatively high level of economic activity has been monopolized by the state, due to bureaucracy, rent-seeking, corruption and inefficiency, have failed to achieve significant economic growth. Easier to say that the involvement of zero or one hundred percent of the state's economy each different reasons to restrict economic growth. Today, unlike in the eighties, economists on issues such as the size of the optimal size of government and small government are concentrated.This study aimed to measure the effect of government size on yields and stock prices in the Tehran Stock Exchange has been done. For comparison, Italy has also been studied. The results show that the size of government in Iran, the stock also increases efficiency and size of government in Italy although higher stock return is negative.

The Stimman rule is one of the jurisprudential rules of dealing with transactions. The concept of Stimman's rule speaks of non-guarantees. This rule has specific implications for transactions and provides for rules that violate the contract's legitimacy.The main question is what is the application and application of this rule in banking contracts? The research method in this paper is a descriptive-analytic one based on Imamieh jurisprudence sources and seeks to investigate the hypothesis that there are instances of trust rule in banking contracts.The results of the study indicate that, in accordance with the Stimman's rule, in bank-secured contracts, customers are not liable for loss of facilities in the assumption of non-compliance and over-provision unless they are bound by the conditional acceptance. In fact, after converting iodine to iodine, the recipient of the facility is responsible for any defects or defects, even if caused by coercive events.A case study of some of the banking contracts such as civil partnership, Mudarabah and Marabah, which are of the contractual nature of the contract, shows that although the effect and function of the trusteeship rule are accepted in the contract, but by using the conditional capacity of the underwriter, the recipient of the facility becomes the iodine trustee. Has been. Accordingly, customers of the banking system who, according to Stimman's rule, were trustworthy and trustworthy, are obliged to compensate for possible losses even on the assumption of non-compliance. The same thing, that is to say, the guarantee of a person who is trustworthy, contradicts some jurispruden’:ts with the materiality and function of some contracts such as the Mudarabah contract.

Economic growth and income distribution are among the most important variables reflecting the economic status of a society, and much of the economic literature is devoted to studying the variables affecting these two economic criteria. One of the factors influencing these two variables is the financial system. Although many studies have been conducted on the impact of different indicators of financial development on economic growth and income inequality, the impact of the Islamization of financial sytem on these two variables has not received much attention. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Islamicization of financial markets in Iran and some Islamic countries on economic growth and income distribution of these countries. The results of this study can be used in the economic planning of Islamic countries to advance the goals of economic growth and income distribution. To this purpose, we propose a theoretical framework using a regression model of panel data in selected Islamic countries in the period 2012-2017 and by appling the FGLS method to estimate the effect of Islamization of financial sytem index on Gini coefficient and GDP per capita. The results show that this index has a positive effect on improving income distribution but its effect on GDP growth is not significant.

The role of government in influencing economic activity is undeniable, although it varies widely in economic systems. Productivity is one of the variables affecting government interventions and it greatly affects the overall competitiveness of the economy. This    study investigates the effect of government size on labor and capital factor productivity  in Islamic countries of OPEC during 2018 -2000 using panel data method in both linear and nonlinear methods in Cobb Douglas and Translog mode. So, two models were estimated. In nonlinear  models ,  it shows that labor market and capital productivity   are not moderated by two variables of size of government and capital . In both models, the size of the government has a negative effect on labor productivity and capital markets.  comparing the results of the two   models,  it show that the linear model is preferable to nonlinear and among the linear model states of the Cobb Douglas function based on the significance of the model coefficients and the likelihood and chi-square test statistic is more advantageous. Therefore, considering the estimation results on the influence of state size and other variables, can be it suggested that It can be done by providing facilities to the private sector and facilitating the business climate   , reduce  government  size, it  increases the productivity of the private sector.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the sociology of neoliberal policy during the Reformation. This research is a library, descriptive and documentary study and the period under review was the Reform Government (Seventh-Eighth Government). The findings of the study showed that during the reform period of the government's liberal economics approach, regardless of the consequences of its policy making, it has taken over a set of state-owned companies that can be rented out in an underdeveloped economy; Political development somehow got off the economic scene and was not so successful in privatizing it, as people and the private sector really did not get the opportunity to be on the scene. Privatization reform in the government was another form of state-owned monopoly, with managers of the units assigned to the private sector being selected from the heads of state apparatuses and somehow continuing the path of government under the name of privatization. Large loans were made available to specific individuals during this period, and in short, the reality of rentier government and privatization under the banner of "privatization" came to light, while privatization in the Iranian economy remained unaffected by the presence of the private sector. What the researcher has achieved is that there is a direct relationship between privatization in Iran between the seventh and eighth governments and the rent-seeking one.

Systemic risk is the risk beared by an economic system because of a special organization. This means that a liquidity problem or a financial crisis in one company could trigger a chain of reactions that puts the whole market into trouble. This kind of risk was underestimated until 2008 financial crisis. Now federal regulations exist for controlling this risk of financial institutions. Among diversified methods of systemic risk evaluation, centrality measures have the most accuracy. In this paper, we apply a combined method of systemic risk evaluation using semi-central centrality and Markov clustering method. Results show outperformance of proposed method over classic criterion CoVaR.

While Islamic banking and finance has started in more than 75 countries globally, unfortunately, a few studies have been conducted about its role in contributing to the real economy in these countries. A developed Islamic financial system will mobilise more investment funds and allocate to real economy, thereby enhancing investment and real sector growth. A healthy and profitable real sector will led to more yield and grater performance of the Islamic banks. Therefore, Islamic banking should be considered as a potentially progressive monetary structure. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Islamic Finance on real economy (Industrial Production Index) using the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) approach to cointegration for 2005:Q4 to 2015:Q4.The results show that a long-run relationship exists among variables and short-term and long-term effects of independent variables on the real economy is coordinated. The results show that the impact of Islamic banking deposit volumes and trade openness on the real economy (industrial production Index) in Iran has a negative and positive respectively.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors affecting self-control and its evaluation in the operational supervision system of  participatory contracts. In this study, by combining the Herzberg theory and the belief system, a conceptual model consisting of five stages in the four supervisory levels of the bank is presented. In this research, a survey method is used to measure self-control and investigate the relationships of self-control variables. The results of this study show that each of the health factors, motivational factors and beliefs of the individuals have a direct relationship with self-control for commitment to the organization. Another result of the questionnaires is that the level of self-control among inspectors is highest, followed by the assessors, branch heads and finally the credit officers respectively.

Theoretical studies show that religious capital is the most important capital of a society. Today, communities need direct focus on religious capital to grow and develop its economy. Because the religious capital, the origin of which is the heart faith, makes the trust between people increases, risk and uncertainty, and individuals gain greater utility from performing religious recommendations. Over time these religious recommendations are established in the form of a new law and norms in society, which consequently accelerates growth and economic development in society. in this research, according to its theoretical basics, first to examine the religious capital and its indices in the DELPHI method, then using AHP method, religious capital indices have been made using Expert choice software. the three indices of religious capital, which have the highest characteristics from the perspective of experts, Qarzulhasanah deposit, the amount of Zakat and the number of Martyrs in the first to third, respectively. then, according to the data collected by 2015 using TOPSIS model, the ranking of Iran provinces has been done. the first to third of which includes the most religious capital is Yazd, south Khorasan and Qom

Whe the Bank is obliged to apply certain contracts as specified in the Law on Banking Operations to finance its economic activities, first to attract monetary resources as investment funds from the community and then as Advocate applicants from these resources. In note 23 of the Law on Continuous Improvement of the Business Environment Act, 2011, the Central Bank is required to regulate uniform banking contracts to maintain contractual fairness, as one of the objectives of banking and credit-based banking is to establish fair and equitable banking. The correct flow of money and credit has been in the health, growth and economy of the country. The central bank has done its job. The purpose of this article is to study these contracts in order to measure the level of achievement of justice and progress of the Iranian economy. The findings of this article indicate that in these sample contracts, contractual justice was not respected and the bank maintained its dominant position and that there were some conditions that were incorporated in the interest of the bank in any way to the benefit of the bank and the wisdom of usury sanctions. It hurts. The usury of all profits comes from the overruns and abuses that the sacred law of Islam and the laws of Iran have forbidden. They need to be truly equitable in order to achieve the economic progress of uniform bank accession agreements.

Social health is affected by the social conditions of society. One of the important issues in development today is social health, which along with physical, mental and spiritual health has found a wide role and importance. Health has a broad meaning and its definition is influenced by the level of awareness and attitude of societies with different geographical and cultural conditions. The theoretical approaches of this research are based on Keyschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) theories of social health, Durkheim and Billy Grahamchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s theories of religiosity. The method, survey and data collection tool were standard Keys and researcher-made questionnaires. The research data were analyzed with SPSS software and the final test of the model was performed with LISREL software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between independent variables and womenchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s social health. Also, the result of the structural equation model was that Economic and social status, womenchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s social capital increases, and as the level of economic and social status increases, their social health increases.