فصلنامه توسعه ی آموزش جندی شاپور
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 33، بهار 1399)

The purpose of this study was to identify the barriers of internationalization with organizational adaptation approach and then to present a model of exposure in Golestan University of Medical Sciences. The research was an applied study in terms of purpose and in terms of methodology, descriptive survey. The statistical population consisted of 373 managers and faculty members of Golestan University of Medical Sciences those were selected by stratified random sampling method based on Cochran formula. Afterwards, 190 members were selected as study participation.  Data collection was perforemed thorugh a researcher made questionnaire of barriers to internationalization with 69 questions, a researcher made questionnaire of facilitators of internationalization with 71 questions and a researcher made questionnaire of organizational adaptability with 40 questions. The validity and reliability of the instruments were confirmed. Moreover, tests, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations were used for data analysis. The results showed that the three barriers to internationalization included thirteen components: "cultural, teaching, content, human, equipment, structural, managerial-political, financial, technological, support services, international cooperation, internal barriers to the organization, and curriculum". Fourteen Components of Facilitating Internationalization: Document Accreditation, Knowledge Production, Access to Various Learning, Educational, Communication, Cultural, Political Resources, Higher Education Major Policies, Creating Professional Development Opportunities for Managers and Professors , scientific and cultural relations, current laws and their transparency, development of financial resources, development of resources, the origin and development of technological infrastructures. Barriers to university internationalization with standard coefficient (-0.431) had a significant negative impact on organizational adaptability,in addition,  internationalization facilitating factors of university with standard coefficient (0.503) had a positive and significant effect on organizational adaptability; and therefore, the proposed model revealed an acceptable conformity.

Learning conceptions and Study methods of students play an important role in learning, educational achievements and finally in their profession. Hence, present study aimed to compare the learning conceptions and study habits in talented and normal students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2018. In this descriptive-comparative study, 508 students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences participated. Three questionnaires were used for data collection, demographic characteristics, learning conceptions, and study habits. Then, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18, central indexes and dispersion tests, independent t-tests. Data analysis revealed the significance level in this study that it was considered 0.05. In comparison of learning conceptions and learning habits between two groups, there were significant differences; learning conceptions in talented group was more than the normal group (P= 0/001). In term of learning habits, there was significant difference between two groups in some of the learning habits (P<0/05). According to the findings, the evaluation of learning conceptions and habits in admission time can be helpful, and therefore, interventions to modify or  promote leaning conception and study habits should be done.

The main aim of the present research was the analysis of opportunities and challenges of internationalization of higher education at Al-Zahra University. The research method was qualitative and its strategy was content analysis. The participants of this research indicated all professors and managers of Al-Zahra University. Afterwards, 22 faculty members were selected by use of a purposeful snowball sampling method. Data were analyzed using semi-structured interviews and data analysis was conducted based on content analysis. Challenges to curriculum internationalization were considered into two main categories: external and internal organizational factors. External factors included contextual and pressing factors, and intra-organizational factors contained the categories of educational process, administrative and executive process, and services and support. Opportunities for internationalization of the curriculum included "disciplines derived from rich Iranian civilization and culture", "common courses", "graduate courses" and "virtual and electronic courses opportunities for internationalization of the curriculum". In conclusion, the results showed that internationalization at Al-Zahra University offers a range of opportunities and constraints, therefore, it is suggested  that the use of these  opportunity to improve international relations.

The purpose was to propose the internationalization roadmap in the University of Medical Sciences. Hence, a qualitative study was conducted to extract the components required to this purpose. The research field was one of the universities of the medical pole in the country. The qualitative phase was conducted through interviewing with the internationalization executers, educational executers and research executers. Then, the interviews were analyzed by using the content analysis method and MAXQDA10 software was used to analyze the qualitative data. Next, the content of the interviews was categorized into 3 categories, 8 concepts and 75 codes. The three main categories of study were as follows: 1) SWOT analysis; 2) Pivotal topic/Domain; and 3) Actions/Plans. The SWOT analysis included 43 codes and 4 concepts as follows: 1) Threats: 5 codes, 2) Weaknesses: 13 codes, 3) Strengths: 13 codes, 4) Opportunities: 12 codes. Moreover, the pivotal topic/domain included 23 codes and 2 concepts; and the goals included 5 codes; the prerequisites of the goals included 18 codes; the actions/plans included 9 codes and 2 concepts. Finally, developing the international affairs included 6 codes and explaining and developing the internationalization included 3 codes. According the dramatic changes affected the world of the medical education, it is imperative that the goals, the programs and the orientations of the universities be more in focus today.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of documentary training and cognitive resilience methods on learning approaches and academic emotions in pharmacy and nursing students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Method was executed semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with a control group. Moreover, the statistical population of the study consisted of all pharmacy and nursing students in the first semester of the academic year in 2019 those were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups with 36 members in each group. Then, attributional retraining program and Cognitive Resilience were conducted on the experimental group within 7 sessions. Before and after starting educational intervention, the research data were collected using Abdollahpour University Academic emotions Questionnaire (1394) and Miller's Learning Approach Questionnaire (1999). Afterward, data analysis was performed using descriptive methods and covariance analysis in SPSS software Version 23.  Accordingly, the findings of the covariance analysis indicated that the cognitive resilience program showed more effectiveness on learning approaches and academic emotions than the attribution retraining program (p <0.05).  In conclusion, cognitive re-training can be useful as an academic approach to help students regard learning approaches. Cognitive resilience also can be used as a re-training intervention method to help students in improving their learning approaches and academic emotions.

The purpose of this study was to identify the components of intelligence in order to provide a suitable model for Islamic Azad University that it was conducted using exploratory research in both qualitative and quantitative sections. In the qualitative part, the thematic analysis method with the deductive approach as well as in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The qualitative research environment consisted of 29 documents including books and articles in reputable databases and websites in the field of higher education, both within internal sector in 1998-2001 and within external sector in 2000 - 2019, indexed in valid databases. The documents in the qualitative section were selected through census sampling and their themes were extracted. Moreover, the statistical population in the quantitative section consisted of all national faculty members in Azad University that based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, finally 373out of 13119 were selected. The sampling method used in this non-random part was quota type. In addition, the study instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings. The validity was confimed by face validity, content (CVR) and confirmatory factor analysis constructs. Factor analysis approach was also used to analyze the data. According to the results of data analysis, the reliability values ​​(Cronbach's alpha coefficient) were higher than 0.7 for all themes indicating a high level of correlation between the themes.

Emotional intelligence is one of the most influential subjects in learning and intelligence, and it can also be learned through education and increases the chances of success.  The overall aim of this study was to determine the effect of teaching emotional intelligence components on emotional intelligence of students of medical and non-medical groups of Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2016-2017. Hence, research method was pre-test and post-test semi experimental with 179 subjectsthe quotas were selected from medical students and non-medical students of Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences. Moreover, they were divided into two groups of test and control. To collect the information, the Bar-Anne 2002 Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire was used. After the completion of 8 sessions training components of emotional intelligence, two groups had post-tests. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and appropriate inferential tests. Finally, the results indicated that mean of emotional intelligence in all components of emotional intelligence was higher in training group (p = 0/000) and this was higher within non-medical group in comparison with medical group, although there was no significant difference between the students of medical and non-medical groups (p> 0.05). Therefore, results of this study indicated that the training of emotional intelligence components increases emotional intelligence among students. Thereupon, curriculum planners can create syllabuses designed to teach students emotional intelligence in medical sciences.

The purpose of this study was to present a model of managers’ professional development with a futures research approach in Mazandaran province. The research method was consecutive exploratory mixed. According to the forward-looking approach in the research, the normative method of scenario writing was used. Hence, the statistical population in the qualitative phase of the study was educational management experts in the academic units of Tehran and Mazandaran provinces who were selected for conducting the qualitative research. The sampling method in quantitative phase was a random cluster sampling with 15 samples to determine the adequacy of the data for modeling. The statistical population in the quantitative section was 6100 principals of science and elementary and secondary schools in Mazandaran province in 1997-98 that 364 people were participated according to Cochran formula. Based on the analysis of qualitative data from in-depth interviews and coding of the interviews, according to the participants’ point of view, 54 open codes and 8 categories and 4 codes were identified. In the quantitative phase of the research, moreover, a researcher-made questionnaire with 54 design components whose questions were based on the criteria extracted from the qualitative phase. Consequently, the findings revealed the four dimensions consisted of skills, capabilities and the function of social responsibility required of managers and the function of organizational development and improvement. In the other word, managers and organizational development and improvement functions were formed. Then they were formulated using the two-way interaction analysis matrix for the future.   Key Words:

Educational system in Kermanshah Universities. The aim of this study was applied and in terms of the nature and method was a descriptive survey. The population consisted of 330 university members in Kermanshah province using quota sampling method. Questionnaire was used for data collection, and also the validity (face) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) of the questionnaires were confirmed. The results of the hypothesis testing by SMART-PLS software, using t-test and path coefficients (β) indicated that the contextual conditions had the most impact on educational system scaling (0.732) and the causal conditions scaling 0.556 had the least effect. Hence, it is proposed to enhance the links between academia and industry of educational and applied courses for the community and families and engaging in the depth of social life as scientific leaders of society.