فصلنامه پرستاری، مامایی و پیراپزشکی
سال پنجم شماره 4 (بهار 1399)

Job stress is considered a major factor in disease development and job absence among nurses. In order to have high quality care, it is necessary to use strategies for the physical and mental health of nurses by identifying factors affecting stress. Given the unclear relationship between personality traits and occupational stress and psychosomatic symptoms among nurses, the study aimed to determine the relationship between personality type D and occupational stress with symptoms of mental disorders in nurses.

This descriptive, correlational research was performed on 320 randomly selected nurses working in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran (2016). Data were collected using the type-D scale, nursing stress scale revised, and SDQ-20 questionnaire. In addition, data analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression.

In this study, personality type D had a significant effect on the changes in the psychosomatic symptoms (P=0.001). Moreover, the level of job stress variable was able to predict a significant ratio of the variance of psychosomatic symptoms after controlling the variable of personality type D (P=0.001).

According to the results of the study, nurses with personality type D have high psychosomatic symptoms. Considering the important role and responsibilities of nurses in maintaining the health and well-being of patients, it is essential to reduce the stressors and improve the quality of life of nurses.

Cognitive flexibility and cognitive fusion and cognitive defusion are important and fundamental variables in clinical and diagnostic fields of treatments in the third wave of psychology. This study aimed to compare the cognitive flexibility, cognitive fusion, and cognitive defusion in male and female divorce applicants.

This comparative, descriptive-scientific study was performed on male and female divorce applicants, who referred to the Judiciary of Urmia in the fall and winter of 2018 and were introduced to justice-controlled counseling clinics through various branches of the family court. The subjects were screened using the criteria for entering the research. Ultimately, 100 participants (50 females and 50 males) were randomly selected. Data were collected through completing Denis Nederwall’s cognitive flexibility inventory and Gillanders’ cognitive fusion questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and one-way variance.

In this study, there was a significant difference between male and female participants in terms of cognitive flexibility since men showed more flexibility, compared to women (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between male and female subjects regarding cognitive fusion and cognitive defusion.

The obtained results can be considered in clinical and therapeutic applications. In addition, cognitive fusion and defusion are important variables in couples’ relations. Therefore, our findings can be used to improve marital conflicts.

Migraine is a neurological disorder, the onset and exacerbation of which are affected by several etiological factors. In this regard, one of the factors affecting this disease is psychological factors such as perfectionism. This study aimed to predict migraine headache symptoms based on the perfectionism components in nurses.

This correlational study was performed on 280 nurses selected by stratified random sampling in 2018. Data were collected using two questionnaires of Frost perfectionism and Najjaryan migraine headache symptoms. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

In this study, there was a significant correlation between the perfectionism dimensions and migraine symptoms (P<0.05). In this context, a significant association was found between concern about errors, personal standards, parental blame, hesitation, parental expectations and organization and migraine symptoms. According to the multiple regression results, perfectionism components explained 35% of the variance of migraine headaches in nurses.

Our findings became the basis for more assessments and conducting preventive and therapeutic interventions for individuals diagnosed with migraine, especially nurses. In this regard, protocols can be considered to reduce perfectionism, especially in nurses with migraine headaches.

Care in the intensive care unit (ICU) is always associated with errors for many reasons, and one of the methods to empower nurses is applying the error analyzing tools and assessing their impacts so that nurses would be familiarized with and prevents error modes before their occurrence. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of patient safety empowerment program with the technique of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) and its impact on safety culture in ICU nurses.

This clinical trial was performed on 72 nurses in Ayatollah Kashani and Hajar hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, during 2018-2019. The patient safety empowerment program with the FMEA technique was designed and implemented in the form of six one-and-a-half sessions. Data were collected using the demographic characteristics and safety culture questionnaires. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytical tests.

In this study, there was a significant increasing trend in the safety culture of nurses in the test group, which was indicative of a difference between the two groups in terms of safety culture (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the two groups before and after the safety culture follow-up (P<0.001).

According to the results of the study, the patient safety empowerment test had a positive effect on the safety culture. Therefore, it is recommended that the FMEA technique be used to improve patient safety and the safety culture of nurses

There are numerous challenges and tensions in the medical and clinical departments, which might have unfavorable physical and mental consequences for the staff. In addition, health care nurses have more psychological problems, compared to other staff in industrial or public environments. This study aimed to determine nurses’ understanding of psychological factors in the workplace.

This qualitative study had a content analysis method and was conducted on 12 nurses selected by purposive sampling from hospitals affiliated to Khoy University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected by conducting individual semi-structured interviews with the participants. Notably, all interviews were recorded and transcribed, and the results were analyzed by the constant comparative method and the Graneheim and Lundman method.

In total, three categories (stressful workplace, insufficient support of managers, and individual-social factors) and nine subcategories were extracted.

Psychologically, stressful and challenging workplaces can jeopardize nurses' mental health and adverse professional outcomes. Therefore, proper measures must be taken by nursing managers to improve the psychological conditions of the workplace and help maintain the mental health of nurses and increase patient safety and care quality

Parenting styles are effective factors for children's personality formation. However, single-child and multiple-children mothers might adopt different parenting approaches. This study aimed to compare single-child and multiple-children mothers in terms of parenting style and mental health.

This descriptive, correlational study was performed on 70 single-child and 70 multiple-children mothers, selected by random sampling, in Isfahan, Iran during 2018-2019. Data were collected using Baumrind parenting style questionnaire and Goldberg mental health questionnaire. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using descriptive statistics, as well as the independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

In this study, the scores of the authoritarian parenting style were higher in single-child mothers, compared to multiple-children mothers (P=0.02). In addition, there was a significant relationship between indulgent (r= -0.47, p <0.001) and authoritative parenting style (r= -0.35, p <0.001) and total mental health score of mothers. In other words, mothers who adopted the indulgent and authoritative parenting style had a higher mental health level (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the single-child and multiple-children mothers in terms of the level of general health.

Given the effective role of parenting styles on parents’ mental health and the difference observed in the approaches adopted by single-child and multiple-children mothers, it is suggested that related educational programs be designed by policy-makers to raise parents’ awareness of this issue.

Quality is the most important issue in the field of healthcare services provision, especially the nursing field. Since one can never achieve an absolute level of quality, it is imperative to constantly review this issue. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of nursing care from the perspective of nurses and patients.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 210 hospitalized patients and 210 nurses working in Shahid Beheshti health care centers selected by convenience sampling in 2014. Data were collected using the valid and reliable 72-item questionnaire of QUALPACS nursing care competed by all nurses and patients. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U.

In this study, the mean age of the nurses and patients was 34.14 and 50.69 years, respectively. Moreover, 37.4% of patients and 84% of nurses considered the quality of nursing cares in the psychosocial dimension to be suitable. In addition, 38.8% of patients and 79% of nurses mentioned that nursing care quality was suitable in the physical dimension. Finally, 41.3% of patients and 68.5% of nurses considered the quality of nursing care in the communication dimension to be suitable. According to Mann-Whitney U results, there was a significant difference between the viewpoints of patients and nurses regarding the quality of nursing care (P<0.001).

According to the results of the study, patients and nurses had different perceptions and viewpoints about quality of care due to having various intellectual backgrounds and life experiences. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically reassess the quality standards of care with a client-centered approach.

Increasing elderly population has led to increased attention to the concepts of health and quality of life in the past decades. The present study aimed to determine The Relationship of Socioeconomic Factors and quality of life among elderly living in nursing homes in Shahrekord.

The present research was a descriptive-analytical study which was conducted on 254 elderly of living in nursing homes in Shahrekord. The participants were selected using Convenience sampling. The required data were collected through a two-part questionnaire (demographic variables, LEIPAD questionnaire) and then statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests (Pearson correlation and ANOVA analysis) in SPSS-18.

The age of 43.3% of the elderly was 60-70 years. Based on the results, the mean score of quality of life for men was 64.25±17.05 and women 46.23±17.64. There is a direct and significant relationship between the mean score of quality of life and sex and economic status (p=0.001).

The results showed that the elderly had a medium of quality of life. it is necessary to have a approach to help elder people to advance and maintain public health and quality of life.

The main goal of the present study was to investigate the impact of preinjury intake of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), warfarin, and antiplatelet on clinical and radiological neuro-deterioration of patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

We investigated 224 consecutive patients more than 50 years old with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the Taleghani hospital, Kermanshah, Iran, between Jul 2014 and Jul 2019, retrospectively. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were retrospectively reviewed using the electronic medical records of all patients. Patients were categorized into four groups: nonuser patients, patients on platelet inhibitors, patients on warfarin and patients taking any DOACs. Clinical outcome was evaluated with the Glasgow Outcome Scale.

95 patients (42.4%) received no anti thrombotic drugs before the trauma. However, 69 patients (30.8%) were receiving platelet inhibitors, 42 subjects (18.8%) were on the warfarin, and 18 cases (8.0%) were on the DOACs before their trauma. There were 41 cases (18.3%) with in-hospital mortality. Our results showed that, 108 patients (48.2%) had a favorable outcome and 116 ones (51.8%) had an unfavorable outcome. Patients on Warfarin and those were receiving DOACs were associated with higher mortality as well as a more unfavorable clinical outcome (p<0.005).

Preinjury use of DOACs and warfarin is associated with higher mortality and worse clinical outcome. However, preinjury antiplatelet therapy did not contribute to in-hospital mortality and poor clinical outcomes.