فصلنامه سلامت و مراقبت
سال بیست و یکم شماره 4 (زمستان 1398)

Background & Aim:

Collaboration and teamwork are essential elements of nursing. Increased collaboration among nurses is critical for maintaining an effective and safe therapeutic environment. Therefore, checking the status of nurse-nurse collaboration is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of nurse-nurse professional collaboration from nurses’ viewpoint in critical care units of Ardabil educational hospitals in 2017.

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The statistical population consisted of all nurses working in intensive care units of Ardabil educational centers (216 persons). Of them, 171 nurses were selected by total sampling method, considering exlusion and inclusion criteria. Data collection tools included a demographic form and a 35-item nurse-nurse collaboration scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson test) using SPSS 20 software.

Mean of nurses’ collaboration was 95.36±6.93. Among the cooperation sub-scales, the highest levels were related to the three dimensions of professionalism (3.12), coordination (2.89) and collaborative processes (2.69) and the lowest to the dimensions of conflict management (2.51) and interaction (2.50). There were significant and positive relationships between nursing work experience (r=0.194, p=0.011), work experience in intensive care units (r=0.165, p=0.031), age (r=0.284, p<0.001), hospital workplace (F=2.83, p=0.026), workplace unit (F=5.044, p<0.001) and work shift (t=2.25, p=0.024) with nurses’ professional collaboration.

Due to the low scores of conflict management and interaction dimensions among nurses, holding workshops on how to improve communication, training the conflict resolution skills, teamwork practice in student time, organizational support and quality improvement of nursing work environments can be effective steps in increasing nurse-nurse collaboration.

Background & aim:

Spiritual health can play an important role in lives of cancer patients because of its impact on quality of life and patient’s adjustment to illness. This study has been performed to determine the relationship between spiritual health with social adjustment and quality of life in cancer patients of comprehensive center of cancer in Mazandaran.

This was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all cancer patients of comprehensive center of cancer in Mazandaran, affiliated to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari city in 2018, which among them 360 patients were selected by stratified random sampling. Research tools were included the Spiritual health Scale of Pulootzin and Ellison (1982), Social adjustment of Bell et al, (1961) and quality of life of Weir and Sherborne (1992). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests in SPSS-21 software.

The results showed that there was no significant relationship between spiritual health and social adjustment (r=0.011, p>0.83), while there was a significant relationship between spiritual health and quality of life (r=0.277, p<0.001). In the predictive model, the components of spiritual health were able to predict 77% of changes in quality of life in cancer patients (R2=0.077).

According to the findings, spiritual health and its components are important variables in quality of life of cancer patients, thus it is recommended to provide the cancer patients with necessary training in spiritual health excellence and attitude and understanding of God as well as moral development.

Background & aim:

Lifestyle diseases kill 41 million people yearly, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally. Studies have shown that increasing level of inappropriate nutrition, substance abuse, physical inactivity and stress in lifestyles underlies these diseases; This study aimed to identify the effective factors on increasing level of risk factors and unhealthily of Iranian lifestyles and then to provide a strategic model to prevent their occurrence and prevalence.

The research method was qualitative grounded theory which conducted with participation of 14 experts from different disciplines who were purposefully selected. The data were collected based on theoretical sampling by in-depth interview and were analyzed by continuous comparison method and theoretical coding in strauss and corbin's systematic paradigm (1998). Its validity and reliability were obtained by referring the findings to data and the results to specialists.

Socio-pathology of Iranian lifestyles from the experts' point of view provided 216 concepts and 37 sub-categories, and finally the following 10 main categories, explaining the weaknesses of society in establishing healthy lifestyles were obtained: Education, Upbringing, Propagation, Financing, Facilitation, Prescription, Gathering, Obedience, and Assurance dimensions. The "unhealthily of lifestyles" was selected as the central phenomenon and ten categories were related to it in two groups of contextual and interferer conditions, and finally decuple strategic model was presented.

Prevention of lifestyle diseases requires attention to structural and individual aspects of lifestyle. The first seven strategies focused in the macrolevel on social structures, the eighth strategy in the Intermediate level on family, and the ninth strategy in the microlevel on human factors. The tenth strategy represents a research proposal to establish an organization between structure and agency to measure and monitor the health status of Iranian lifestyles toward healthy lifestyle.

Background & aim:

Considering the increasing trend of elderly population in recent years and the fact that oral health is an integral part of general health, this study aimed to assess the oral health status and its related quality of life among elderly people living in hospices under support of Ardabil’s welfare organization.

In this descriptive-correlational study, 144 elderly people over 60 years old, living in hospices, were included in the study. A questionnaire was used for data collection with three parts: Demographic form, World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment Form, and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14Per). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one sample T-test, ANOVA and linear regression in SPSS version 24.

The results of one-sample T-test showed that the elderly in Ardabil have an inappropriate status in all aspects of oral health-related quality of life (p<0.05). In addition, regression analysis found a significant relationship between oral health status and oral health-related quality of life in elderly people (p<0.05).

The results of this study showed that the elderly people living in hospices under the supervision of Ardabil’s welfare organization are in a poor status regarding oral health and oral health-related quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary for healthcare providers to pay more attention to this group regarding their oral health and quality of life.

Background & aim:

As elderly in each community are more exposed to stress and anxiety as a result of physical and psychological problems, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Meta-cognitive based-training on emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity in elderly with cardiovascular disease living in elderly care home in Tehran city.

The statistical population consisted of all elderly with heart disease living in elderly care homes with cardiovascular disease in Tehran city in 2018, with total number of 119 elderly among them 50 were selected by random sampling and divided into two groups with pre-test and post-test design (25 cases in experiment and 25 in control group).
Interventions based on metacognitive training on elderly with history of heart disease were performed for 8 sessions of 60 minutes, one session per week. Research tools included the Gross & John (2003) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-10) containing 10 items and two subscales of reassessment (6 items) and subdue (4 items) as well as Taylor & Cox's Anxiety Sensitivity Scale (ASS) (1998) with 36 self-report materials. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results indicated a significant deference between two groups (control & experiment) (p<0.001). Also, the results of single-variable using SPSS-23 software showed a significant deference in two variables (p<0.001).

The results showed that training based on meta-cognitive can be effective in emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity in elderly with cardiovascular disease. So, it is suggested to health professionals to pay special attention to it.

Background & aim:

Addiction is rooted in the unconsciousness of individual, family and society, so, increasing the knowledge and understanding of addicts about this disease is effective in treatment of addiction. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to investigate the role of individual, familial and social awareness in the permanent drug abandonmentin in drug addiction treatment centers in Kashan.

This research was carried out using mixed-method and semi-central interview and survey techniques. The statistical population of study included addiction treatment centers in Kashan. The sample size, in qualitative section, included 31 therapists, recovered addicts and their families and in the quantitative section, contained 343 patients and recovered addicts. Data analysis was performed through coding types using MAXQDA and SPSS softwares.

In the qualitative section, using analysis of interviews, the following indicators were extracted: 1) individual awareness of addiction and signs of consumption, outcomes and the future of addiction, 2) family awareness before addiction, during addiction and during treatment, and 3) social awareness of addiction, the consequences of non-treatment and etc. The quantitative results also showed that those who were in a state of sustained abandonment had more personal, familial and social awareness in the area of addiction and treatment than others.

Addiction has signs, symptoms, consequences, unique and fragile treatment process and the lack of awareness of individual, family and society at different stages of life has a wide negative impact on its incurability, resulting in its more and wide promotion in the society. Therefore, increasing awareness and improving social cognition about addiction treatment can be an effective step in preventing and correcting it.

Background & aim:

The first step in improving patient safety in hospitals is to evaluate the safety culture in medical units. Nurses can help promote a patient safety culture through a sense of responsibility and professional commitment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' professional commitment and patient safety culture in teaching hospitals of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive correlational study was performed in three hospitals of Shahrekord and Borujen. The sample consisted of 359 nurses who were selected based on multistage sampling. Data collection tools were demographic information form and hospital survey questionnaires about patient safety culture and professional commitment of nurses. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and liner regression.

The mean scores of patient safety culture and professional commitment of nurses were 123.23 ± 16.15 and 85.65 ± 15.04, respectively. The results of regression test showed that there was a significant relationship between different dimensions of professional commitment and patient safety culture (p<0.001).

Based on the findings of the study, nurses with a high level of professional commitment have a higher safety culture. Therefore, an effort to improve the level of professional commitment of nurses can promote a patient safety culture. Authorities can also improve the quality of service and patient safety through dedicated empowerment.

 Children are among the most vulnerable groups in society who are always threatened by the danger of being abused by various people. Mothers are the most important reliable source of information for children. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two methods of group education and education by multimedia compact disk (CD) on mothers’ knowledge and attitude about child sexual abuse.

 In this clinical trial, 100 mothers of children under 18 who had a medical record at health centers of Isfahan province were selected. Participants were allocated into two groups of group education and education with multimedia CD and trained about the definition, prevalence, diagnosis, prevention and management of child sexual abuse. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire which completed before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS19 software.

 The mean score of knowledge and attitude of mothers about child sexual abuse had a statistically significant increase after the intervention in group education and also in the multimedia CD group compared to before the intervention (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between two groups in the mean scores of knowledge and attitude of mothers about child sexual abuse after intervention.

 Group education and education with multimedia CD were effective in improving the knowledge and attitude of mothers about child sexual abuse. Therefore, considering the benefits of educating with multimedia CD including its affordability and the possibility of using at any time, it is recommended to be used for mothers’ education programs.