نشریه روان پرستاری
سال هفتم شماره 6 (پیاپی 36، بهمن و اسفند 1398)

 Today, care giving is an important phenomenon and family members are at the forefront of providing care to patients with chronic illness, such as cancer. Care-giving can affect the mental health of caregivers; therefore, psychological interventions for caregivers seem necessary. This study was conducted to determine the effect of mindfulness-based intervention on perceived stress of family caregivers of cancer patients.

This was a clinical trial conducted on two control and intervention groups with before and after design, in which 55 family caregivers of cancer patients were selected through convenience sampling and they were randomly assigned to either intervention (n = 27) or control (n = 28). For the intervention group, the mindfulness program was performed in 8 sessions per week for 2 hours per session. Data were collected through perceived stress questionnaires before and after intervention and analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test at a significant level of 0/05.

After performing mindfulness program, the mean stress score in the intervention group decreased from (22/18 ± 2/09) to (18/29 ± 2/86), which indicated a significant reduction in stress in this group (p<0/001) while the control group had no significant difference before (22/07 ± 1/41) and after (21/92 ± 2/12) the intervention (p=0/68).

The findings of this study showed that the perceived stress in the intervention group decreased, meaning that the mindfulness program was effective in reducing the stress of caregivers of cancer patients. Therefore, this program can be used for educational content of other caregivers.

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe chronic mental disorders, which affecting all aspects of the patient's physical, psychological, and behavioral dimensions. This study aimed at the effect of education during discharge on social skills in patients with schizophrenia.

The present study was experimental, and the research community is of the patients at the Comprehensive Psychiatric Center of Yazd Province, Iran. In this study, the patients (two experimental and control groups, n = 32 in each group) with schizophrenia were admitted to the Comprehensive Psychiatric Center of Yazd Province. For the experimental group, in addition to routine programs, the discharge program was performed for 6 hours in the hospital, and a regular schedule was presented for the control group. The social skills were measured with the inventory in both groups before the intervention and one month after discharge. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16 software.

Results showed that the mean and standard deviation of patients' communication skills score in the experimental group were before and after the intervention were 107.55 ± 17.21and 124.53 ± 18.31. The paired t-test showed a significant difference in improving communication skills in the test group (P = 0.001). Mean and standard deviation of patients' communication skills score in the control group before and after intervention were 105.23 ± 11.14 and 102.22 ± 13.14, respectively. The paired t-test showed a significant difference in decreasing communication skills in the control group (P = 0.001).

Increasing social skills is one of the benefits of intrauterine education that affects many aspects of social skills including verbal and nonverbal skills, communication skills with patients, communication with ward staff, self-reported behavior, and general social behavior And due to the chronic course of schizophrenia, it is essential.

Chronic renal failure is a stressful condition, and patients with this condition are faced with the fear of death due to their stressful physical and mental conditions. Studies have shown that prayer is associated with greater relaxation and reduced levels of anxiety and stress in patients. This study aims to investigate the relationship between attitude and practical commitment to prayer and other predictive variables with death anxiety in chronic renal failure patients.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 180 patients with chronic renal failure admitted to hospital with a dialysis unit in Kashan, in 2018 were evaluated by convenience method sampling. The research tools included a demographic questionnaire, attitude, and practical prayer questionnaire and a Templer death anxiety questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis.

The mean age of the studied samples was 55.95 ± 13.66 years, 83% of the patients lived in the city, and 72% of the samples had underlying diseases in addition to renal failure. The mean score of death anxiety in the patients was 7.56 ± 11.3 (Moderate). There was a negative correlation between age, attitude, and practical commitment to prayer with death anxiety score (r = -0.166, r = -0.148), respectively. In the univariate data analysis, living in the village, higher age, absence of other diseases, and attitude and commitment to prayer significantly were associated with lower death anxiety, respectively. In multivariate data analysis living in the village, the absence of other diseases and higher age was associated with lower death anxiety, respectively.

However, some determinants of death anxiety such as age cannot be changed, but interventions such as more support and care about some determinants, especially in patients who have other illnesses, as well as encouraging patients to pray, can reduce the anxiety of dying of kidney disease.

Nurses due to rotational shifts and job stress face to health problem and relationship with spouse, and of the ways to improve health and psychological characteristics is positive thinking training method. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effect of positive thinking group training on psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality in nurses.

Present study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was female nurses of Shahid Mofatteh and 15 Khordad hospitals of Varamin city in the spring of 2019 year. The research sample was 30 persons who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes the positive thinking group training and the control group no received training. Data were collected by the questionnaires of psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality and in SPSS version 19 analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method.

The findings showed that in pre-test stage there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality (P>0.05), but in post-test stage there was a significant difference between the groups in all three variables (P<0.001). In the other words, positive thinking group training led to significant increase the psychological well-being (F=129.645, P<0.001), positive meta-emotion (F=118.679, P<0.001) and couple relationship quality (F=112.320, P<0.001) in nurses.

The results indicated the effect of positive thinking group training on improving the psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality in nurses. Therefore, it is recommended to use positive thinking group training to improve the health-related characteristics, especially the psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality.

Impulsivity is one of the problems which Individuals with borderline personality characteristics suffered from them. According to this point, the aim of this study was to comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy and integrated schema oriented therapy on impulsivity and their components among individuals with borderline personality characteristics.

The research method was semi-experimental, and research design was three groups with two stages of pre-test and post-test. In order to carry out the research, from 70 persons with borderline personality characteristics in Isfahan in winter leading to summer of 2018, 45 persons were selected based on criteria of entry and exit and then randomly assigned in two experimental groups and a control group (each group with 15 person). Barratt impulsivity scale was used to measure the dependent variable in the pretest and post-test. The group of integrated schema oriented therapy and schema therapy received 15 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferouni post hoc test using SPSS 21 software.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the integrated schema oriented therapy and schema therapy and control groups in impulsivity, cognitive impulsivity and motor impulsivity in post-test after controlling for pretest (p<0.001), but there is not a significant difference between integrated schema oriented therapy and schema therapy with control group in non-planning subscale (p>0.05).  Also, there is not a significant difference between integrated schema oriented therapy and schema therapy in impulsivity and their components (p>0.05).

Based on the findings of this study, schema therapy and integrated schema oriented therapy can be effective treatments for reducing impulsivity in individuals with borderline personality characteristics. It is recommended that these two treatments be used for people with borderline personality traits in therapeutic centers.

Staying away from the family in student environment associated with pressures such as sense of poverty, lack of social support and compatibility issues. This study examines the relationship between family function and self-differentiation with homesickness of dormitory girl students.

The statistical Society of this study included all non-graduate students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. The sample group included 180 female students who were randomly selected. The research method was descriptive and correlational. Family Assessment questionnaire (FAD), homesickness questionnaire (Zare, Aminpoor 1390) and differentiation questionnaire was used to measure the variables of this study. The data was analyzed by the methods of correlation and stepwise multivariate regression analysis.

Analysis of the data showed a significant correlation between family function and differentiation with homesickness. Based on regression analysis, about 40% of the homesickness variance were defined by self-differentiation, roles, problem solving, general family function, emotional involvement and emotional support variables. Problem-solving, differentiation, roles, affective involvement, general family function and emotional support were the most powerful variables that predict respectively the homesickness of the dormitory girl students.

Since the parenting style and family functioning have vital role in the incidence of children's homesickness, it is necessary that counselors and psychologists familiarize families with more efficient parental models and also features of an efficient and balanced family.

Dialysis is a type of medical treatment in which the blood is filtered using special equipment that helps maintain the balance of liquids and the body’s electrolytes. Non-compliance with the treatment regimen is one of the obstacles to successful dialysis in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the integrated approach of spiritual-cognitive counseling on adherence to the treatment or therapy regimen and its components in hemodialysis patients.

A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and control group was used. The statistical population of the study included all hemodialysis patients who needed and used hemodialysis in Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad in the spring of 2019. For this study, 30 individuals were selected through convenient sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (each group 15). A pre-test with a questionnaire about adherence to therapy regimen was given at the same time and conditions. Then, the intervention was performed using the combined method of spiritual-cognitive counseling for eight ninety-minute sessions on the experimental group. At the same time, the control group did not receive any interventions. After completing the courses, the post-test was administered for both groups.

The results of multivariate and one-variable covariance analysis showed that the intervention of the combined approach of spiritual-cognitive counseling was effective in compliance with the regimen and its components in hemodialysis patients and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01).

According to the results, the combined approach of cognitive-spiritual counseling can increase compliance with the treatment regimen and its components in hemodialysis patients. So, this method can be used to adhere to the hemodialysis treatment regimen.

Abstract

Given the importance and necessity of marital life and the need to improve its quality and satisfaction, applying psychological interventions such as narrative therapy and imagotherapy can be an important step in facilitating this important process.

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the combined approach of narrative therapy and imagotherapy on marital expectations in marriage volunteers.

The research method is experimental with pre-test, post-test with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study was all girls and boys volunteering for marriage who were selected by convenience sampling method from referring to counseling centers in Borujerd in 2018. The intervention lasted 3 months. Therapeutic interventions were administered to the experimental group during 12 training sessions. The Omidvar Marital Expectations Scale (2009) was used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24 software.

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance on the mean post-test of marital expectations (P < 0.01 and F = 115.22) in the experimental and control groups after the pre-tests were significant. Combined approach therapy based on narrative therapy and imagotherapy is significantly effective on marital expectations of marriage volunteers.

According to the findings, it can be stated that the integrated approach based on narrative therapy and imagotherapy will have a positive effect on the level of attitudes and expectations of girls and boys volunteering for marriage.

Feeling lonely is one of the most important concerns of the elderly that can affect the mental health of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive role of loneliness in mental health of elderly people in Bushehr in 1397.

In this cross-sectional correlational study, 318 elderly people registered in Bushehr comprehensive health centers were randomly selected. Demographic information form, Russell standard of feeling loneliness questionnaire and Goldberg general health questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 at the significant level of 0.05.

The results showed that the mean age of participants was 66.74±5.87. Mean score of feeling alone was 32.37 ± 8.60 and mental health was 50.42± 7.97. The results showed that there was a direct and significant statistical relationship between feelings of loneliness and mental health (β = 0.380, P <0.001). In addition, loneliness and demographic variables were able to significantly predict 38.1% of mental health changes. Also, the share of feeling lonely in explaining the variance of mental health was 12.3% (P <0.001).

The findings of this study showed that the elderly who felt lonely did not have good mental health. Therefore, it is necessary for health authorities to plan and act consciously on the factors affecting mental health, and especially on the sense of loneliness in the elderly.