فصلنامه پژوهش های حسابداری مالی
سال یازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 42، زمستان 1398)

Reliability of information and information content of companies are two indicators of information transfer at annual reporting level. These two indices reduce the cost of capital by reducing information asymmetry and it plays a key role in the efficiency of the capital market. Accordingly, this study investigates the effect of information transfer on the impact of abnormal returns on corporate strategy by estimating two models using the data presented in the financial statements of 120 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2017. The research method is rational in terms of practical purpose and causal in nature, because it tries to evaluate the impact of several variables on one variable, and in terms of retrospective execution time, in terms of logical execution, in terms of quantitative logic and in terms of the length of time it is a combination. Multivariate regression models are used to test the hypotheses using pooled data and Stata software. The results indicate that abnormal returns have a positive and significant impact on corporate business strategy and that information transfer has negative moderating effect on the impact of abnormal returns on business strategy choice.

Due to the expansion of business activities in the world and the importance of sustainability in the organizational, academic and professional levels, sustainability is among the first goals of countries and companies. But Iran has paid less attention to this issue. In other words, there are currently causal, intervening, and context conditions, the strategies and consequences of this type of reporting have not been investigated. Therefore, in this research, we have attempted to design a coherent corporate sustainability reporting model based on the grounded theory. This research is qualitative and exploratory. This study is conducted through profound interviews with experts in the field of theoretical literature of financial reporting and social sciences, capital market, organization, industry, mining, trade, and environmental protection organization. By conducting 23 interviews in 2019 using snowball sampling. The results of the research show that the main Causal conditions that lead to sustainability reporting are environmental requirements, environmental incentives, environmental pressures, country’s cultural and social characteristics, the country's political characteristics and the international environment’s characteristics. Research findings also show that in order to achieve sustainability reporting, strategies should be developed such as identifying the entity responsible for sustainability, formulating principles and sustainability standards, establishing a sustainability and social responsibility committee in companies, familiarizing and training sustainability, establishing an internal control and effective reporting system and use new technologies are being adopted. Finally, a coherent research model show that corporate sustainability reporting could have implications such as increasing social trust, increasing the human life quality, preserving the environment for future generations, increasing capital markets, and increasing reporting quality. The findings of this study could help to develop this kind of report in Iran.

Investors are interested in the analysis of cash flows and investments in companies and consequently the factors influencing them are important.The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence on the effect of conditional conservatism and agency costs on the relationship between cash flow and investment and whether the intensity of impact in firms with high agency costs is stronger or weaker than in low-agency cost firms. The sample consisted of 151 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2008-2018. The research hypotheses are tested using multiple regression with panel data. The results show that conditional coservatism, decreases the severity of the impact of cash flows on investment and the interactive effect of conditional conservatism more reduces the severity of this relationship, in high agency cost companies. The results also show that the explanation power based on GMM is better than the conventional OLS method. These findings can be incorporated into investor decision making to analyze corporate cash flows.

This study seeks to examine the impact of the financial expertise of audit committee members on the relationship between business strategy and corporate tax avoidance. To assess the type of companies' applied strategy (aggressive or defensive), the Ittner and Larcker (1997) scoring system was used. For this purpose, effective tax rate (ETR) and book tax differences (BTD) were used for assessing tax avoidance and the ratio of financial experts to the number of audit committee members was used to calculate the financial expertise of audit committee members. The sample consists of 154 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2015 - 2019. Collected data were analyzed using panel data multivariate regression model. The results showed that audit committee financial experts play only advisory role (tax avoidance promote) for defensive companies. Moreover, results indicate that accounting experts do like role of audit committee financial experts and they don’t play their supervision role in the tax planning for aggressive companies.

Timeliness of financial reporting is one of the most important elements of the companies’ financial information quality and is related to the speed of financial reporting. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of corporate strategy, political costs, and management power on the timeliness of financial reporting in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, hypotheses were developed and data were analyzed for 105 listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange during 2009-2018 using an integrated panel data approach. The Results showed that regarding the impact of company strategy, only competitive strategies and company strategy with respect to future information increase the financial reporting timeliness. On the other hand, the findings suggested that a more systematic risk and size of the company, respectively, reduce and increase the Financial reporting timeliness. In addition, according to the findings of the research, it can be claimed that the Management ability as one of the power management indicators has a significant impact on the timeliness of financial reporting and higher ability will increase the financial reporting timeliness.

Tax is one of the most important sources of government revenue that Provides financial resources needed by the government and helps to better distribute income and wealth. The combination of tax revenues and tax rates from total public revenues differs due to economic, cultural and historical factors from one country to another. Tax avoidance and tax evasion make the tax revenues of countries always lower than estimated. Therefore, this issue and the factors affecting it and its results are considered as a matter of concern in society. The community is interested in knowing corporations pay their fair taxes in return the social costs? The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of selected dimensions of social responsibility on avoidance and tax evasion. The purpose of this research is to study selected dimensions of Social Responsibility Impact on Avoidance and Tax Evasion. The instruments used in this research are documents and financial information of the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical sample consists of 164 companies admitted to the stock exchange during the period from 2004 to 2015.Findings of the research show that social responsibility has a significant effect on Avoidance and Tax Evasion.