فهرست مطالب

Archives of Medical Laboratory Sciences
Volume:4 Issue: 4, Fall 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1399/01/09
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
|
  • mohammad reza rezvani* Pages 1-5
    Background

     Regarding the role of vitamin D3 as a steroid hormone in regulating the metabolism of minerals and bone homeostasis, its antitumor role has been confirmed in epidemiologic and empirical studies. Accordingly, this investigation conducted on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients to understand whether vitamin D3 has role in increasing the risk of getting ALL or not.Materials and 

    Methods

    In this study, 40 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were included after confirmation of cytological tests in Hamedan, Qazvin and Tehran. Moreover, 40 healthy persons without any hematologic diseases in both themselves and their immediate relatives were selected. The level of vitamin D3 in blood serum of patients and control group was measured with Chemiluminscence method.

    Results

    Ninety percent of the subjects in the experimental group and 75% of the control group suffered from severe vitamin D3 deficiency. 10% of the experimental group and 20% of the control group had a mild to moderate vitamin D3 deficiency and range from 10 - 19 ng / ml. Among ALL patients, none of them had the desired level (20- 50 ng / ml) of vitamin D3, while two persons in the control group had a desirable level of vitamin D3 with a range of 20- 50 ng / ml. It is found that there is a significant difference between mean of vitamin D3 level in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and healthy control group (p <0.05).

    Conclusion

    It seems that there is a correlation between the incidence of ALL and serum vitamin D3 level. However, additional studies are needed to understand more about the mechanisms of this.

    Keywords: Vitamin D3, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Vitamin D3 deficiency, Cytological tests
  • reza Aramideh khouy*, Mehrnaz Hosseini Tehrani, Hamed Nosrati, Maryam Esghaei Pages 2-9

    Various factors are involved in the incidence of some diseases like autoimmune, psychiatric and cancerous ones. One of these probable factors is considered as the endogenous retroviruses, for example, proviruses that have been introduced in previous generations in some organisms' genome, and make up over 8% of the human genome. Recent studies have indicated that these factors and their related products (including RNA, cytosolic DNA, and proteins) may affect and also change the host cell function and immune system. This review summarizes the detailed information about the structure, classification, and pathogenesis mechanism of human endogenous retroviruses and their relationship with the autoimmune diseases and some kinds of cancers.

    Keywords: Endogenous Retroviruses, Autoimmune disease, Mental Disorders, Neoplasms
  • Gholam Abbas Mohammadi*, fariba mohammadi Tahroodi, Hossein Fallah, Marzieh Bahar Moghaddam Pages 6-10
    Background

    Insulin resistance can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Studies have shown that expression of PPAR alpha improved insulin function in patients with insulin resistance. Also ApoB100 is an essential ligand for the receptors of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Increased plasma level of apoB100 is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its increased production leads to insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Q. Infectoria and Z. multiflora extracts on the expression of PPARα and Apo-B100 genes in adipose and hepatic tissues of insulin-resistant rats

    Materials and methods

    Forty Wistar rats were divided into 1- healthy control, 2- high fat control, 3- fenofibrate,4- Q. Infectoria and 5- Z. multiflora groups. All groups were fed with high fat diet for 6 weeks expect for the healthy control. Glucose tolerance test was performed to confirm insulin resistance in rats. Then groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated by fenofibrate, Q. Infectoria and Z. multiflora extracts respectively. After sacrificing the rats, their liver and fat tissues were removed. Real-time PCR was used to assess PPARα and ApoB100 gene expressions.

    Results

    All groups had significant weight gain after 8 weeks. Expression of PPAR-α and ApoB100 genes were the same in Q. Infectoria, Z. multiflora, fenofibrate and healthy control groups.

    Conclusion

    In conclusion, Q. Infectoria and Z. multiflora extracts decreased ApoB100 and increased PPARα gene expressions but these changes were not statistically significant.

    Keywords: Quercus infectoria, Zataria multiflora, insulin resistance, ApoB100, PPARα
  • Fatemeh Homaei Shandiz*, Seyed Amir Aledavood, Rozita Delghandi, Mona Fani, Aida Gholoobi, Seyed Muhammad Yahyazadeh Mashhadi, Mohsen Abdoli, Hamed Gouklani, Sina Geraily, Zahra Meshkat Pages 11-14
    Background

    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, is a life-threatening disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of HCC patients who referred to Omid hospital in Mashhad, northeast of Iran.

    Materials and Methods

    In this cross sectional retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of patients who referred to Omid hospital – a cancer research center– in Mashhad during 1991 to 2012. Medical records of 29 patients with primary liver cancer proven with biopsy, CT scan or MRI were analyzed in this study.

    Results

    Of 25 eligible cases, 68% were men and the rest were women. The majority of HCC patients were in the 60-69 age group. Also, 44% of patients were found to be hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positive.

    Conclusion

    The age distribution and male preponderance of HCC patients observed in the present study in line with other conducted studies in Iran and other countries. Since this is a retrospective study, a comprehensive study with a larger sample size in a case-control study is needed to establish other HCC-related factors in our province.

    Keywords: Epidemiology, Clinical characteristics, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Iran
  • Shirin Shahbazi* Pages 15-20
    Background

    Menorrhagia is the most common type of abnormal uterine bleeding, caused by disruption of hormonal regulation, uterine function or blood clotting. Developing an effective diagnostic strategy will improve patient's quality of life and management. Here we investigated the links between hematological characteristics and prolonged menstruation‎ to estimate the importance of the first line coagulation screening tests in young women ‎.

    Materials and Methods

     In a case-control design and under supervision of a specialist, 43 cases and 104 age matched controls were selected. Menstrual characteristics were evaluated by a standardized questionnaire distributed to high school and university young students. Hematological indices including first line coagulation screening tests were performed for both groups and statistically assessed.

    Result

    Statistical analysis showed that prolonged menstrual bleeding ‎is significantly correlated to prolonged bleeding time (p value, 0.01) as well as ‏ red blood cell count (p value, 0.04). The O blood group showed the greatest contribution to the bleeding periods longer than 7 days (53.4 %(. Additional coagulation tests revealed one coagulation factor VII deficiency patient.

    Conclusion

    The results of the present study revealed the importance of menorrhagia management in young women and showed a significant correlation between prolonged menstrual bleeding ‎and blood types ‎. Our study findings also suggest a significant association between prolonged menstruation and bleeding time test, emphasizing on the role of blood coagulation traits in susceptibility to heavy menstrual bleeding.

    Keywords: Menorrhagia, Coagulation, Blood groups, Hematological traits
  • Nikou Bahrami, Mehrdad Mohammadi*, Niloofar Sabzi Pages 21-27
    Background

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative bacillus, and opportunistic pathogen, is an important microorganism involved with infections in burn patients worldwide. It produces biofilms by Quorum-sensing signals and makes an antibiotic resistance. Materialsand

    Methods

    From April to September 2018, 100 samples of burn injuries were collected from the Central Hospital of Shahid Beheshti in Kashan. The samples were identified in terms of biochemical and phenotypic tests and a definitive diagnosis of P.aeruginosa species was examined based on a toxA gene by the PCR method. The positive samples were analyzed for antibiotics of amikacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, cefepime, aztreonam, meropenem, ceftazidime, colistin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Then, samples were analyzed for lasR and pqsR (quorum-sensing genes) by PCR.

    Results

    We verified eighty-five (85%) isolates as P. aeruginosa. According to antibiograms, 92% of the isolates were considered as multidrug-resistant (MDR), of which 85.5% were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and none of the pan drug resistance (PDR). Also, in MDR isolates, there was one nonsense mutation. In XDR samples, two isolates had a missense mutation and nonsense mutation was seen in one strain.

    Conclusion

    The results of our study show that with increasing resistance rates, more mutations occur in lasR and pqsR genes and the possibly can play a key role in antibiotic resistance. Given the mutations found inthe quorum sensing genes, it can be concluded that these genes are mutagenic genes that will be effective in changing bacterial behavior and adaptability to environmental conditions.

    Keywords: Quorum sensing, Antibiotic resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burned patients