International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Apr-Jun 2020

The sedentary lifestyle has been introduced as one of the main causes of disease and a predictor of morbidity and mortality. Inflammation is an essential contributor to the pathogenesis of diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training and honey consumption on IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-a levels in sedentary individuals.

Thirty-eight young, healthy and inactive men were assigned to one of the following interventions: Exercise+placebo (EP), Exercise+Supplement (ES), Supplement (S) and Placebo (P). Subjects in the exercise groups underwent a supervised HIIT program over 8 weeks. Exercise at each session comprised 2 min high intensity training with the intensity of 80-90% of heart rate max interspersed by low-intensity intervals of walking for 1 minute. Throughout the study, the subjects in supplement groups received 5 cc/kg body mass of 13% honey dissolved in plain water within 30-60 min before each exercise session. The subjects in placebo groups were administered with an equal volume of water solution with 5 gr sucrose. Before and 72h after the experimental period blood samples were collected to assess plasma levels of IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-a.

We observed that IL-6 levels significantly decreased in ES and E groups from pretest to posttest and there was a significant difference between the ES and control groups (Pvalue=0.023). However, no significant changes were observed for IL-12 and TNF-a (Pvalue> 0.05).

HIIT program along with honey consumption over 8 weeks could have favorable effects on inflammatory indices such as IL-6 in subjects with sedentary life-style.

some studies have shown that there is a correlation between serum uric acid and blood glucose levels so that these changes are not exactly clear. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between uric acid and blood glucose in diabetic patients.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 190 type 2 diabetic (DM) patients in Shahroud by convenience sampling method. FBS, uric acid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol under standard conditions were measured. Patients were divided into four groups in terms of uric acid level.

In this study, 53.7% of patients were male. The average age of cases was 58.3 ± 13.5 years. There was a significant difference in uric acid between age groups (Pvalue<0.023), educational levels (Pvalue<0.041), BMI (Pvalue<0.012) and cholesterol (Pvalue<0.002) groups. Also, there was a significant reverse relationship between mean FBS (Pvalue<0.001), blood glucose two hours after feeding (Pvalue<0.001), and HbA1c (Pvalue<0.02) with different levels of uric acid.

The results showed that there was a significant and reversal relationship between the levels of uric acid and glucose levels. In order to control the level of uric acid, the level of glucose in these patients is also to be measured and controlled.

Life skills include a set of abilities to increase the power of adaptability and positive behavior. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of ten life skill components and their related factors among individuals referring to veterans' health and counseling centers in the city of Tehran.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among participants over the age of 20. The sample size was estimated based on the Morgan table and Cochran sampling formula. The present study utilized the shortened life skills scale including 10 subscales. Data were analyzed using statistical t-test, Pearson correlation, and one-way analysis of variance.

The total mean of life skills was significantly higher among women (P value=0.01). Age had a significant direct correlation with total life skills (r=0.19). There were significant differences between the three educational levels in 8 out of 10 components. The decision-making power had a significant correlation with "problem solving" and "creative thinking". "Critical thinking" had a high correlation with "effective communication", "coping with stress" and "attracting social support". "Coping with emotion" had a direct and high correlation with "coping with stress" and "self-awareness" but its correlation was reversed with "creative thinking".

The mean score of life skills among clients of veteran`s health and counseling centers was slightly higher than the average population; while the rate of enjoyment of life skills was different in this subpopulation. The results implicate an urgent need to improve life skills, especially for highly educated people.

Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) is one of the most important measures in estimating language acquisition in children. The study of how language develops in these patients can be useful in providing effective treatment strategies. This study aims to investigate the developmental process of MLU in children with ASD and compare them with normal children.

This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional-quantitative one. The statistical society is all 3-6 years of children with ASD in Tehran, and the sample has been selected via cluster sampling among welfare organizations In region 6 (Mantaghe 6). The participants included 10 monolingual Persian children with ASD aged 3-6. In this research, the spoken utterances of children were recorded and transcribed in 30 minutes of free play sessions. The control group included 10 monolingual Persian children aged 2-5, with no previous linguistic and psychological disorders. Two groups were matched based on non-verbal IQ and gender.

Based on the findings, the mean and standard deviation of MLU in autistic children were 2.5 and 1.24, respectively and the mean and standard deviation of MLU in normal children were 3.74 and 1.03, respectively. The results of T-test analysis showed a statistically significant difference between two groups with regard to the MLU (t (18)=-2.41, Pvalue=0.02). The results also indicated a statistically significant correlation between MLU and age in children with ASD (Pvalue=0.01, r=0.95) and in normal children (Pvalue=0.000, r=0.95).

The study showed that after controlling for vocabulary knowledge, non-verbal IQ and talkativeness, MLU was significantly lower in children with ASD than in normal children. The results also showed that MLU increases with increase of age in both groups.

Hyper-kyphosis is one of the most common malalignments in adolescent boys and can affect their breathing. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may improve the function of the respiratory muscles in adolescents and may influence their skeletal structure as well. So, this study aimed to examine the effects of inspiratory muscle training on the thoracic spine curve, Inspiratory Volume and Cardio-Respiratory Endurance in Hyperkyphotic Boys

This study was a semi experimentally in design, pre and post-test design with a control group. Twenty-two 12-15 boys, with thoracic spine curve more than 49 degrees were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Both groups performed the same corrective exercise for hyper-kyphosis, the experimental group also performed inspiratory muscle training five days a week using the power breathing device, based on the training protocol. Both groups were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of training in terms of the thoracic spine curve, inspiratory volume, S-index, PIF, and cardio-respiratory endurance.

The data analysis showed that the thoracic spine curve decreased significantly in the IMT group (Pvalue=0.025). The IMT group showed significantly increase in inspiratory S-index (T=4.058, Pvalue=0.002), PIF (T=4.06, Pvalue=0.002) and cardio-respiratory endurance (T=2.62, Pvalue=0.050) at posttest in compare to control group.

Based on the study findings, it can be concluded that respiratory muscle strengthening alone may not be by itself sufficient for the improvement of Hyper-kyphosis, and corrective exercises can also be recommended along with it.

The severity of postoperative pain varies widely in the different types of anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of isoflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia on postoperative pain after foot and ankle surgery.

In this double-blind clinical trial, 60 eligible patients were divided into two equal intervention and control groups; the first group inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide and the control group were given intravenous anesthesia with propofol-remifentanil using the quadruple random block model and postoperative pain intensity was measured and compared in the two groups. Data on pain severity were collected at different times and analyzed using SPSS statistical software and related tests. The significant level was set at 0.05.

Of the 60 participants, 38 (52.4%) were male and 22 (47.6%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 33.9±15.1 years. The intensity of pain in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery was significantly (Pvalue<0.001) lower in the intervention group but after 4 hours there was no significant difference between the two groups. So, it can be seen in the present study that there was a significant decrease (Pvalue<0.036) in the number of cases requiring analgesics prescribed in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery in the intervention group.

According to the results, evaporation anesthetic isoflurane-nitrous oxide can be used in the stage of induction of anesthesia in orthopedic surgeries, and has achieved good results in reducing pain, especially during the first 4 hours, postoperative.Key Words: Isoflurane, Propofol, Inhaler Anesthesia, IV Anesthesia, Postoperative Pain

Obesity is one of the most common problems between women, which leads to many chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Various factors, including emotional problems and lifestyle, play a special role in the obesity of women. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Therapy Group (EFT-G) on the difficulties in emotion regulation and the health-promoting lifestyle of obese women referred to nutrition clinics in Mashhad in 2018.

In this study, twenty-four obese volunteer women were selected and assigned to two experimental (n =12) and control (n =12) groups. One meeting was held to explain the aims of the research and intervention. The experimental group received 90-minute weekly sessions for 2.5 months (10 sessions), while the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the training phase, all of the participants completed the demographic questionnaire. Finally, they had also completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 software.

The outcomes of data analysis by using one-way and multivariate covariance analysis indicated that the EFT-G significantly reduced the overall score of difficulties of emotion regulation in obese women (Pvalue≤0.001).These outcomes also represented that the health Promotion lifestyle of mentioned women had significant improvement (Pvalue≤0.001).

Generally, the results showed that the EFT-G leads to a decrease in the scores of difficulties in emotion regulation and an increase in the scores of health promotion lifestyle is relevant to obese women. Furthermore, this study illustrated that EFT-G can improve the difficulties in emotion regulation and the health promotion lifestyle of obese women.Keywords: Emotion-Focused Therapy Group, Obesity, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, Health Promotion Lifestyle.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dialectical behavioral therapy in reducing the number of psychological complications following traumatic childbirth.

The study included 210 primiparous women who had natural traumatic childbirth. A standardized protocol was designed to decrease postpartum depression score, perceived stress, and increase mental coping strategies. The intervention group received five counseling sessions, and the control group received routine care. Their questionnaires measured the variables before the intervention and at 6th and 12th weeks postpartum.

No significant difference observed between the mean scores of all variables before the intervention (Pvalue> 0.05). The results of the repeated measure ANOVA showed, after the intervention, at 6th and 12th weeks postpartum, the mean scores of all three variables, including postpartum depression, perceived stress, and mental coping strategies was a statistically significant difference (Pvalue<0.001).

Dialectical behavioral therapy can have substantial effects on reducing postpartum depression, reducing perceived stress levels, and increasing the ability to deal with stress in traumatic childbirth. Keywords: Dialectical behavioral therapy, counseling, postpartum depression, perceived stress, coping strategies, traumatic childbirth.