Acta Medica Iranica
Volume:57 Issue: 10, Oct 2019

Despite the similarities between OSCC and ESCC, it should be noted that ESCCs have a relatively low survival rate compared with OSCCs. The tumor-associated stroma is an essential component for the preservation, development, and metastasis of the cancers, such as SCC. To our knowledge, mast cells and angiogenesis were evaluated in either ESCC or OSCC. Moreover, there are controversy about the correlation between mast cells and angiogenesis in these tumors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the density of mast cells and microvessel density (MVD) in ESCC and OSCC.

This study was scheduled using 46 paraffin blocked samples including 23 OSCCs and 23ESCCs. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted using CD31 monoclonal antibody and methylene blue staining was done for mast cells. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 20 using T test, One-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis.

MVD was significantly higher in OSCCs as compared to ESCCs (P=0.02) with a mean of 76.26 and 62.04, respectively. Conversely, ESCCs (16.47) showed significantly higher (P=0.04) mast cell density than that of OSCCS (11.30). Pearson correlation analysis showed no association between MVD and mast cell density in either OSCC or ESCC (P=0.51 & P=0.34 respectively).

A significant difference between the mean mast cell count and MVD in OSCC &ESCC might be to some extent responsible for the different biological behaviors of these cancers. Further studies should be performed to explore the precise role of mast cells and angiogenesis and the possible effect on the different survival of OSCC &ESCC.

End-stage renal disease is a situation that predisposes the patients to cardiovascular disease, especially myocardial infarction (MI). A valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of this event is cardiac troponin. Although some asymptomatic patients show high plasma levels of cardiac troponin I, it is still the most sensitive variable in MI. All patients more than 18-year-old, on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for at least three months, and did not have a history of acute myocardial infarction or hospitalization for CVD during last month are included in a cross-sectional descriptive study. Troponin I serum level was measured by VIDAS Troponin I Ultra (TNIU) Assay. Correlation between serum troponin level and cardiovascular risk factors are evaluated. In this study, 52% of patients were male. The mean cTnI level was 0.025±0.044 ng/mL, less than 0.11 ng/mL, and only five patients had cTnI level more than the laboratory threshold. The cut-off level of cTnI for diagnosing cardiovascular disease must be re-evaluated and maybe increase to 0.3 ng/mL. Indeed, the asymptomatic patient may need more close observation for cardiovascular disease.

Pharmacologic-conjugated-cardioplegia is one of the strategies against ischemia and reperfusion. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of nitroglycerin on myocardial protection and postoperative outcomes. This is a case-control study which was performed on 91 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.  Patients were randomly divided into case and control groups. Trinitroglycerin Conjugated Cardioplegia on Myocardial Protection of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. As a result of nitroglycerin the number of patients requiring inotrope administration was increased. No other significant alteration was observed between two groups in neither of ischemic features nor postoperative outcomes. In conclusion, nitroglycerin conjugated cardioplegia, with the condition of this study, demonstrated a negative inotrope requirement without improvement in myocardium protection.

Dyslipidemia is an important cause of cardiovascular diseases with increasing rates among adult populations. Nutrition and physical activity are known to have impacts on degrees of dyslipidemia. In this article, we had a study on nutritional behaviors and physical activities among middle- aged adults with and without dyslipidemia.

In this case control study 200 middle- aged adults were entered. 100 adults with dyslipidemia and 100 normal adults were included in this study. Data regarding desirable or undesirable use of fruits, vegetables ,dairy, saturated fatty acids, fast foods, carbonated drinks and extra salt intake with every  meal were collected. Intensity and duration of physical activities were also collected from our data bank and analyzed with SPSS software.

Our results indicated that people with dyslipidemia had a significantly increased usage of fast foods and saturated fatty acids while the normal population had increased usage of vegetables and dairy. There were also significantly increased in intensity, duration per day and weekly days of physical activity in healthy groups. Logistic regression indicated that undesirable consumption of fast foods, dairy, fatty acids, vegetables and undesirable physical activity increase the risks for dyslipidemia (OR= 8.2, OR=16.2, OR= 8.2, OR= 18.3 and OR= 25.3 respectively) (P<0.05).

This article emphasizes the role of proper nutritional behaviors and higher physical activities in decreasing the risks of dyslipidemia and we suggest that further preventive interventions could be made based on the results of our study.

To determine the effects of a bioenergy economy program on the severity of symptoms and quality of life of patients with myofascial pain syndrome

In this randomized clinical-trial, 30 patients with myofascial pain syndrome were assigned to two groups. Patients in the case group participated in a bioenergy economy program for 6 sessions. The data collection tools were the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the WHO Quality of Life -BREF Questionnaire. In addition, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were also applied to patients in both groups. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analysis of the changes between the two groups.

According to the analysis, the test of between-subject effect was not significant for pain, QOL, anxiety, and depression (p-value>0.05 for all variables) while the results of the test of within-subject effect were significant (p-value<0.05 for all variables). The effect of the time-group interaction was not significant for pain (P=0.139) and QOL (P=0.169) while it was significant for anxiety (P<0.001) and depression (P=0.026). The mean scores of anxiety and depression decreased during the measurement times in both groups although the decrease was more prominent in the intervention group.

The bioenergy economy program can effectively decrease the pain intensity, depression, and anxiety and improve the quality of life of patients with myofascial pain syndrome. This program can reduce the patients’ distress through modifying attention bias and improving the self-efficacy and acceptance in these patients.

Radiology gamification papers were examined systematically to determine their purpose and their effectiveness to provide a clear view for researchers who attempt to develop a new gamification.

Articles retrieve related to radiology gamification and educational games, and databases including ProQuest, Springer, Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched electronically. The data were imported in Endnote V.7. Finally, according to the performed study and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, appropriate articles were extracted.

  among 6917 extracted articles, only 13 articles were related to educational radiology gamifications and, only two of them dealt specifically with analysis of the effects of gamifications in this area. In several areas of radiology such as differential diagnosis, education, dental radiology, and even the amount of taken drugs for imaging, several games have been designed and researchers approved the effectiveness of this instrument.

These studies show that producing game in this area is not limited to a special type, and different types of games such as board game, physical game and video game could be used (). In designing an educational game, recognizing learner’s character, educational goals and developing educational content are major steps.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is defined as increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure and abnormal fundoscopy, when other causes of increased intracranial pressure are ruled out.

We present a patient with primary diagnosis of IIH who had undergone lumboperitoneal shunt. Later she was treated with shunt revision, anti-tuberculosis drugs and intravenous immunoglobulin. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was diagnosed after bone marrow biopsy. Initial response to chemotherapy was promising.

Careful history taking, avoidance of unnecessary repetition of diagnostic procedures, avoidance of a tunneled vision and a strong clinical suspicion is important to see the hidden causes underlying a difficult case of pseudotumor cerebri.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and carcinomatous meningitis should be sought in IIH patient with abnormal presentation and unusual response to the known treatments.

Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an uncommon type of OHSS that is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and complications of accommodation of body fluids in third spaces in the absence of medical ovarian stimulations. This syndrome is mostly seen in multiple or molar pregnancies with an underlying medical condition such as hypothyroidism. Treatment of spontaneous OHSS depends on the patient’s clinical condition. Appropriate management will warrant a successful pregnancy. The aim of this report is to introduce a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in second pregnancy of a healthy pregnant woman. The patient was a 8 weeks pregnant female who referred to gynecology and obstetrics clinic because of gradual abdominal distension, abdominal pain and nausea from one month ago. The patient didn't have any history of the specific predisposing factors of OHSS such as thyroid gland dysfunction or multiple pregnancies. Abdominal sonography showed enlarged ovaries with prominent follecules as well as free fluid in the entire abdomen. Elevated levels of HCG (312850 mlU/ml) and carcinoembryonic antigen (106 U/ml) were the remarkable laboratory findings. We successfully controlled the patient by conservative management and the size of ovaries returned back to normal by 17th weeks of gestation. On sonographic follow-ups, untill delivery, the patient was symptom-free and a healthy infant was born. While spontaneous OHSS is a rare and life-threatening condition, conservative management including albumin and anticoagulant administration as well as paracentesis of body third space fluids, will be a promising approach in the stable patients

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune vesiculo-bullous disease of skin and mucous membrane associated with benign and malignant neoplasm. Most common malignancies associated with PNP are hematologic and lymphomatoid. Association of oral PNP with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx is very scarce, very few cases are reported, and also the cases of PNP are usually refractory to the treatment mainly those associated with hematologic. Here we reported a case of oral paraneoplastic pemphigus with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx that resolved on its own after completion of treatment of pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.