فهرست مطالب

Space Ontology International Journal
Volume:6 Issue: 1, Winter 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/12/11
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Homa Eirani Behbahani *, Anoosheh Gohari, Zahra Assar Pages 1-8

    In the recent century,Tehran has been confronted with urban sprawl and rapid population growth that have caused urban landscape transformation, whichis different in various parts of Tehran based on specific economic, cultural and social situations. What is important in this essay is the human perception of their landscape in this process of transformation; therefore, the purpose is analyzing landscape perception in order to answer the following questions:“What are the effective landscape elements on perception in this changing landscape?”To answer the question, two historicalparts of Tehran, Tajrish and Ray, were examinedthrough an interview. In order to analyze landscape perception in these two case studies,6 main factors includingconstructed landscape elements, rootedness, attachment to place, social relations, adaptability of use and landscape satisfaction were selected and evaluated by a questionnaire. Resultsin Tajrish have shown that elements of the past,even though destroyed or hidden, form people's perception.However, in Ray elements from recent constructions have mostly affected people's perception. Consequently, discoveringtheeffective elements, which are directly influenced by the context, is a significant factor to know how people perceive their landscape. With the consideration aboutpeople's perception in each specific context, landscape designers would be able to design valuable landscapes and enhance the quality of urban places.

    Keywords: Landscape Perception, urban landscape, Urban Transformation, Historical Landscape
  • Fariba Alborzi, Farah Habib *, Iraj Etessam Pages 9-26
    The research analyses the essence and relationships between the variables in the context of light and architecture, and it aims to develop the knowledge and design based on the light and recognition of the space, an effort was made to analyze the role of light on quality of the Iranian architecture and three samples of the most precious mosques were selected as the instances of this phenomenon, eg., Nasir-Al-Molk Mosque in Shiraz, Sheikh Lotf-Allah Mosque in Isfahan and Vakil Mosque in Shiraz. Light processing has different specifications in each of the mentioned mosques, as it is applied in a specific way which deserves consideration and it represented a number of considerable beautiful aspects. According to the valuable role of light on definition and interpretation of the space, it is assumed that: light has a great value in the quality of the spaces in the architecture of Iranian mosques and the fact it plays an effective role in elevating the “quality” of the architectural space and to elevate the “spatial quality and value”, and it was employed to induct the concepts including “movement”, “stillness”, “calmness” and “silence”, “sanctity”, “focus”, “attention”, “passion and excitement”, “clarity”, “ambiguity”, “sequence”, “guidance”, “routing”, “inviting”, “reflection”, “beauty” and “esthetic” of the architectural space, developing a sense of “memorability” of the architectural space, “vitality” and “dynamism” of the space, “semanticization” of the architectural space, inducting a “special sense and spirit to the space”, and “spiritual” characteristics to space, heightening the “sense of spirituality”, creating “immaterial space”, shaping the sense of “movement”, “continuity of path”, “continuity of movement and routing”, “light and shadow in the path”, and “internal space essence change”, “Spatial perception”, inducting the “sense of place”, “sense of time”, “sense of belonging”, “identification”, and shaping the “sense of presence”, “contemplation” and “persistence” of people in the space. In the hypothesis of the research, light is the independent variable and quality of architectural space and concepts are the dependent variables. The research is done with a descriptive-survey method and the data was analyzed by the SPSS18, the results are presented in the form of charts and tables.
    Keywords: Light, Quality of Architectural Space, Iranian Mosques, Nasir-Al-Molk Mosque in Shiraz, Sheikh Lotf-Allah Mosque in Isfahan, Vakil Mosque in Shiraz
  • Seyed Abdolhadi Daneshpour *, Mostafa Abbaszadegan, Masoud Elahi Pages 27-36
    The present study attempts to investigate the relationship between spatial configuration changes of Qom and the central core in the last half century. The main objective of this study is to review the Spatial form of Qom, and analyze the effect of changes in Urban configuration on the central core of the city and the main axes of urban activities during 1946 to 2011 and ultimately, Forecast the future status of the city based on the extensive changes being conducted on the configuration of this religious metropolis in the time horizon of 2021. The findings of this study on the alignment of decisions made with regard to the Qom structure and the Holy Shrine of Fatima Masumeh (AS) as the Central core of the city in the last half century have identified two time periods. The first, Decisions adopted on developmental changes during 1946 to 2011, which weakened the Qom spatial Configuration Values. Second, Future developmental changes during 2011 to 2021 that are expected to lead to improvements in Spatial Configuration Values. Based on Qom morphological analysis in the last half century, this study concludes if the Qom roadmap foreseen for the time horizon of 2021, including construction of ceremonial axis of Prophet (PBUH) boulevard, inner ring roads and completion of urban ring roads happens, then the improvement of global integration, synergy, intelligibility and Choice values in the Central core and other parts of the city are expected.
    Keywords: Urban Form, Space Syntax, Spatial Configuration, Central Core of the City of Qom
  • Mohammadsaber Eslamlou *, Mahta Mirmoghtadaee Pages 37-46

    Cities as the most complex man-made structures have been always exposed to natural and man-made hazards; these unpredictable risks have imposed seriousimpacts on urban areas. Meanwhile Urban Resiliency is the ability of cities to respond quickly to inappropriate and unpredictable conditions, which continiues stronger than before, consistent to the new conditions. Karaj as one of the metropolises of Iran and as the nearest city to the capital, has a close connection with economy and employment of Tehran. Earthquake as the possible risk of Karaj and for being adjacent to northernground faults of Tehran, Ray and also the faults of Kahrizak, has a special importance to assess the resiliency. Thus the objective of this research is to obtain the effective indicators on Physico-Structural resiliency of Karaj and to assess them in the city divided to the regions. reviewing the literature, an in-depth interview has caused to obtain and defining the indicators. According to experts` answer to the questionnaire, the 11 indicators were found and weighted by AHP and the importance of each is determined in Physico-Structural resiliency of Karaj. After that relying on spatial-occasional framework and using Arc GIS software, each of eleven indicators are defined as a layer that reflects its status in Karaj. By overlaying the layers and applying each one`s weight in the numerical range of zero to one, the final layer of Physico-Structural resiliency of Karaj is obtained in the numerical range of one to four. The result represents 1.96 as the lowest number of resiliency and 3.94 as the highest in Karaj. Also regions 1 and 8 of the city respectively has the lowest number of Physico-Structural resiliency and regions 12 and 10 respectively has the most.

    Keywords: resiliency, Urban Resiliency, Physico-structural Dimension, Karaj Metropolis
  • Jamaleddin Soheili *, Maryam Marandi Pages 47-54

    Privacy is one of the essential needs of the human being. And the balance between privacy and social interactions between individuals are influenced by the architectural elements enriched by cultural values of each society which would lead to a sense of satisfaction in environment as well. The scope of environmental psychology is on the relationship between human and the his/ her environments; we can refer to these factors and Indicators as impactful factors on evaluating the quality of spaces: the privacy, personal space, territories, and the congestion. Nowadays, regardless of the existence of number of libraries in the cities but the number of consulting individuals, especially those who enter the libraries to study have increased. The aim of this study is to evaluate the factor of privacy vt studying it as an impacting factor in designing the study spaces in libraries. The chosen research methodology in this research is a survey method and an inductive argument method is used to prove the research hypotheses.  Data collection method is attributive (library) and as of a field research type. We will reach for some results at the end of the article to identify a number of  some rates for the optimal privacy factor in the study spaces of libraries to increase the levels of satisfaction of individuals in the libraries.

    Keywords: architecture, Libraries, privacy, Space research, satisfaction
  • Leila Karimifard *, Fatemeh Tabatabaei Malazi Pages 55-68

    Developing students' academic identityisessentialforachieving academic success in universities.In this regard, environmental psychologists believe that physical context directly affects the level of ones' place identity. In other words, more positive assessment of the environment results in higher place identity. It implies that the designer can strengthen the bond between person and place by detecting and improving the effective environmental factors.Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify the physical attributes that improvestudents' place identityin higher education spaces. For this purpose,after evaluating the students' place identity and their satisfaction with the physical context, the link between the quality of eachphysical element and students' place identity was investigated. The population of the study includedall the students of Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch in 2013-2014 academic year. According to Cochran formulas,asample consisting of 379 studentsfrom Faculties of Art and Architecture, Engineering, and Sciences was proportionally selected. Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire which the calculated Alpha coefficient and fitness indices proveditsvalidity and reliability. Correlation and multiple regression analyses wereconducted to examine the relationship between mentioned variables. Theresultsindicate thatthe quality of the acoustic conditions, access to public transport & intrusive reflections are irrelevant to students' level of place identity.Above all, satisfaction with the amount of green space, quality of lighting, accessibility and indoor thermal conditions, are the most important physical factors influencing students'place identity in higher education environments.

    Keywords: place identity_Physical Context Quality_Student&#039_Satisfaction_Environmental Psychology_CampusPlanning & Design
  • Mehrdad Shahbazi *, MohammadReza Bemanian, HamidReza Saremi Pages 69-78

    Today, since the contemporary world is changing to meet the needs of various people, the aim should be to provide a condition for areas and buildings in order to respond to the needs of various shapes, its future audience requirements, adaptability, flexibility, versatility, etc. Since the scarcity of environmental resources and ecological crises in the world today cannot justify the demolition and reconstruction of areas is more important. So areas should be designed in such a way to compliance with the contemporary needs. Moreover, it can be adaptive to its future audience. The method used in this research is descriptive-analysis collected using questionnaires and library tools and the software SPSS and factor analysis to analyze to express the characteristics and the reliance of each one. The results show that between the effective factors on the admissibility of space users, flexibility has the greatest impact on Adaptability and also its sub-variable (ranging versatility) has the greatest impact on flexibility of the place, and after that, fluidity factors, scalability, flexibility, and eventually, convertibility has had impact in monument of Bu-Ali which is located in Hamedan city Subsequently and convertibility is the least factor influencing the flexibility in monument of Bu-Ali in Hamedan.

    Keywords: Versatility_Flexibility_Adaptability of a Building_Monument of Bu-Ali
  • Shahram Maleki, Vahid Bigdeli Rad * Pages 79-84
    One of the most important issues which has been of interest for scholars during the past decades is sustainable rural development and its concerning discussions. Social sustainability as the key aspect of sustainable development is of critical importance to sustainable rural development. Bringing social sustainability issues into focus in the present century has made an opportunity for achieving the goals of sustainable development. This aspect of sustainable development can be discussed in detail by introducing social sustainability measures. Hence, a variety of factors affects social sustainability owing to its importance. Given the complexity and diversity of social sustainability measures and their central role in rural areas, special attention needs to be devoted to it. The measures have their own importance in addressing social sustainability issues. They are also referred to as forward-looking strategies as policy-makers and decision-makers identify their strengths and weaknesses. On the other hand, they are highly effective in appropriate planning and resource allocation. In the present paper, the criteria affecting social sustainability were collected and categorized by reviewing previous studies and utilizing experts' ideas and with regard to the objectives of the 5th Plan of Development. On this basis, the social sustainability criteria in Iranian rural areas included eight criteria: security, population, social collaboration, health, leisure, employment, education, and safety, each of which had some sub-criteria for the assessment of social sustainability and unsustainability.
    Keywords: rural regions, rural Sustainable Development, Social sustainability, Measures of Social Sustainability