فصلنامه چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
پیاپی 40 (زمستان 1398)

With new advances, we will see a new generation of universities called “The Smart University”. In order to realize the Smart University, it is essential for the University to be managed in a smart way and this will be realized with respect to social capital, knowledge gride, smart environment and smart infrastructure.On the other hand, referring to international systems of university rankings is one of the common methods for recognizing the academic credibility and academic status of a university.Hence, the acquisition of high rank and planning to achieve this goal is a great importance to universities. The Islamic world Science Citation Center (ISC) is one of the ranking systems that offers a more cohesive track of all aspects of a university than others.In the present study, the relationship between the dimensions of the Intelligent University with the indicators of this evaluation system has been investigated using expert opinion polls by the Delphi fuzzy method.The results show the significant impact of the dimensions of the University of Intelligence on the research, education and international assessment dimensions, respectively.On the other hand, smart management, smart people and knowledge grid have the most impact in the research field.Consequently, in the case of resource constraints, the implementation of the Smart University may start from the above dimensions, in order to achieve significant and impressive results in international university rankings.The urgent attention and rapid movement of universities towards the realization of the Smart University is a necessity, which results will be considerable even in international rankings.

This paper aims to analyze the hidden deviations occurring during formation of information systems which in turn deprives the organizations from real benefit of the technological transformation.

Design/ Methodology/ Approach:

 In-depth individual interviews were conducted with employees, managers and information system developers of public organizations. Data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously and complied with Straussian grounded theory techniques.

Two core categories representing attitudes of the players -regarding the processes in which the final system is formed- which named as sense-loafing, were, deviation and confrontation. Causal conditions,  context,  strategies, consequences with subcategories delineated fully.

Limitations & Consequences:

 Interviewees in sense-loafing situation, neglect alternative framing of issues. Hence providing examples needed to help interviewees make sense and tell what they have experienced.

Practical Consequences:

 Findings implicate the complexity of technology in organizations; It warns that policy makers, seeking technology-based transformation, should promote organizational innovators.

Innovation or Value of the Article:

 The framing in which this paper deals with technology and public organizations is far beyond the traditional framing like technology maturity proposes.

In order to advance Human Resource it is necessary to develop a Human Resource Management model. In many studies, a model is presented by the researcher in most of which the relationship between variables is not properly defined and illustrated. To fill such a gap, this study aim to determine effective and affected variables and to identify the key variables in human resources development model in public sector of Kerman province. Since we collect our data according to opinions of some experts in this field, the research method is descriptive-survey-oriented. The statistical population of the study consists of experts in human resource field in public sector of Kerman province, who both work in the field of human resource development and possess sufficient experience in the public sector. The research also takes advantage of snowball-sampling method twelve experts participated in this study and the questionnaire data are analyzed according to Fuzzy DEMATEL technique. According to our findings, variables like proper employment and appointment policies, human resource management practices, enhancement of ethical values, performance evaluation system, effectiveness, individual growth and development, and appropriate budget allocation play important roles in the development of human resource in Kerman province. To put it differently, these variables have a higher interaction in a network of relationships with their own variables.

 The construction of the concept of "electronic governance" has played an important role in shaping the electronic goals of the information society. Therefore, the present study aimed to present a model for the establishment and development of e-governance in using Meta-synthesis approach.

Design/ methodology/ approach:

 Meta-synthesis is a type of qualitative study that integrates the results of different but interrelated qualitative studies and ultimately provides a new and in-depth analysis, summary, and insight.

 ICT, High Speed and Secure Internet, Technological Conditions, Infrastructure Design, Information Confidentiality, Various Stakeholders, Government Modernization, Improvement of Government Processes and Reliability of Services, as the most important factors in the three stages of requirements assessment and identification, Establishment and development of electronic governance were identified.

Constraints and Consequences:

 Concluding the global theoretical foundations in this study, it is necessary to consider the specific characteristics of government agencies in order to use the results in the native context.

Practical Consequences:

 Considering the nine factors mentioned in the process of establishing and developing e-governance can lead to improved e-governance in government agencies.

Originality or value of the article:

No previous studies have provided a comprehensive model in this area regarding the establishment and development of e-governance. But in the present study for the first time with a deeper and more in-depth look, new aspects of e-governance were introduced and finally, a step-by-step and comprehensive model was introduced for the establishment and development of e-governance in government agencies with regard to the native conditions of the country.

in the Sixth Development Plan of the I.R Iran has emphasized the use of surplus defense industry capacities to assist the non-defense industry sector under the title of The Dual Use Defense Industry. Iran's defense industry is one of the leading productive sectors in the field of science and technology and advanced products that can simultaneously be employed in the production of defense and non-defense products and technology. The main question, however, the key question: Under what circumstances and under what types of policies can the defense industry experience nonprofit industry activity? Because, if these policies are not embedded in scientific and practical considerations, defense industry activity in the nonprofit sector would not be effective. 

Design / Methodology / Approach:

in this study, with a qualitative approach and thematic analysis strategy, by identifying the requirements of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policy making, we attempted to design a model for typology of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policies as a practical guide for policy makers in this field.

Policies through two-step element routing, including the reasons for Dual Use Defense Industry and the orienting factors affecting Dual Use, and using matrix tools, has identified: single-use, diffusion, constraint, conservative and permanent policies for Dual Use Defense Industry as a variant of Iran's defense industry's dual Use policy.

 Limitations and Consequences:

 The results of this study can be incorporated into the strategic documents of related agencies in policymaking in this field and according to the findings of this study, the Iranian dual use defense industry policies can be formulated, implemented and evaluated. Therefore, a proper model for implementation and evaluation needs to be drawn.

 Practical implications:

Moving to a more transparent space for economic and civilian activities of the Iranian defense industry, as well as maximizing the scientific, logical utilization of defense capabilities for the non-defense sector, is a practical implications of this research.

 Initiative or Article Value:

 Practically the contribution of this research empowers public policy makers and especially defense industry managers in policy making capabilities. Also, scientifically, this research reduces the gap due to the lack of research and modeling in the field of industrial policy making process, especially in the field of Dual Use defense industries of Iran.

 The main purpose of this research was to understand the dimensions and indicators of social loafing and to explore the factors affecting it in the public sector of the oil refining and distribution industry.

Design/Methodology/Approach: 

The present study has a mixed approach, the qualitative part of which has been done by thematic analysis method, and the quantitative part has been done according to the pattern identified in the qualitative part. In the qualitative part, subject literature and semi-structured interviews were used, purposeful and snowball interviews were done with industry experts and in quantitative part a questionnaire was designed based on extractive pattern and completed by public sector employees in the industry using cluster sampling method.

As a result of data analysis, eight indicators, two dimensions (adequate and Competitive) and five factors (work, individual, organizational and managerial, group and social) were identified, which were confirmed in quantitative part by validity and accuracy of structural equation modeling.

Limitations & Consequences:

 The qualitative part is based on the interpretive paradigm and in this section, researcher’s mentality and their assumptions have been influential in extracting the concepts, the length of the research questionnaire and the cross-sectional nature of the data reduces the reliability of the results.

Practical Consequences: 

Reduction individual effort in groups compared to individual work is a common problem in workgroups. Identifying the nature and factors affecting it can reduce this destructive phenomenon in organizations.

Innovation or value of the Article: 

This study adds to the research by examining the conceptualization of social loafing and the wide range of factors influencing this phenomenon in the organizational workplace.

The purpose of this study was to identify the components of human resource improvement with an emphasis on meritocracy in the Iranian government.

This research was  a qualitative. The statistical population was decision team consisted of academic and organizational experts who were selected in a non-targeted (purposeful) and snowball manner with 35 individuals. The tools used in this study were semi-structured interviews whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The coding method was used for data analysis.

The findings showed that 23 indices with 7 components of meritocracy, meritocracy, merit selection, meritocracy, aptitude, meritocracy and meritocracy were identified and approved for the meritocracy model. Eighteen indicators were identified and validated with 5 components of training, career, performance evaluation, discipline and reward system for human resource improvement model

Limitations and Consequences:

 Various intrusive variables such as human resource education have not been studied in this study, and further research should consider, from this point of view, meritocracy and human resource improvement.

Practical implications: 

Understanding human resource improvement components with a meritocratic approach helps government agencies to assign individuals to different positions according to need and performance.

Originality or value of the article: 

This study was conducted in a qualitative manner and was therefore interviewed with academic and organizational experts and the components were studied comprehensively. So it has innovation. Because almost no comprehensive research has been found