مجله علوم پیراپزشکی و بهداشت نظامی
سال چهاردهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 32، تابستان 1398)

Today ascertaining the healthiness of rice and providing healthy rice seeds are of prime importance. In these days we need to know about food health and establish a safe system of production. But unfortunately, wrong agricultural practices yield undesirable results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the amount of rice contamination in the main samples and ratoon.

This paper concerns the biological effects of pollution on whole rice seeds and investigates two types of rice, namely ratoon and main grain with Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy technique. Also we analyzed the measured parameters using ANOVA for mean comparison in SPSS using DUNCAN tests.

Accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Pb, and As) in the rice grain is reported at different levels. The investigation confirmed that the level of heavy metals in ratoon grain is higher than in main grains. For example, the accumulation of Ni, Pb, and Cd respectively were equal to 0.7, 0.18, and 0.072 mg/kg in ratoon grains, and they were higher than FAO/WHO and ISIRI limits for the allowed heavy metals values in rice.

According to the findings, unlike the conception of the public, ratoon grain is polluted more than the main grain. Therefore, since rice is the staple food of a large human population, it is extremely important to prevent heavy metal absorption, making it safe for consumption.

An effort is being made to reduce pre-hospital emergency missions as much as possible without any harm to people and reduce the quality of services. This can be achieved by determining some characters and conditions of patients with their need for emergency services.  The purpose of the present study was to determine the rate of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) use for transportation to hospital by trauma patients and that relation with some traumatic conditions.

Methods and Materials: 

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that has performed on traumatic patients referred to emergency department of Shahid Beheshti hospital in ten days consecutively. Patients recruited to study with continuous non-probability sampling and according to entrance criteria. One self-created checklist was used for data collecting. The validity and reliability of this checklist were determined. The researcher and related colleague presented in 24 hours in emergency department and filled the checklist. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 16.

The average age of the participants was 35.2 that from 400 patients entered to this study 326 (81.7%) were male and 74 (18.3%) were female. There are significant relations between the kind of transportation by EMS or personal vehicle and patient variables of education, injury mechanism, injury kind, injury location and multiple trauma. There are no significant relations with sex and nationality. From quantitative variables such as age, pain rate at admission, the time of first assessment and the time of first intervention for patients, there are significant relations between the kind of transportation to hospital and pain rate and the time of first assessment.

It is necessary to performing further and comprehensive studies about effective factors on kind of transportation and providing appropriate model for safe and effective decision practically around the call of EMS and patient transportation.

The purpose of this study was to assess the soldiers’ satisfaction with leisure facilities and sportive activities in the garrison.

The present research is a survey and purposeful study. The research tool in this study is a researcher-made questionnaire based on reviewed literatures and an interview with some of the garrison expert’s managers. The survey community consists of all soldiers aged 18 or over from a military base, who are in charge of serving the garrison from the year ranged from 2018-2016. The random sampling method was used to collect 236 questionnaires from 600 soldiers in the garrison according to the Morgan table. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by a group of professors and specialists in nursing and sport management. To determine the reliability level of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used using spss software; accordingly, the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was estimated to be 0.9 (0.9), which is an acceptable value.

The results showed that the level of satisfaction with sports and leisure activities was low, and soldiers reported that they used very little exercise equipment and tools.

Considering the low level of satisfaction with leisure activities, it is suggested to improve the quality of leisure activities. Also, making arrangements to increase leisure time will increase the activity of sports in these times and ultimately personal and social health.

In each educational system, the purpose of learning is learning. One of the best indicators that can be used to achieve this goal is academic achievement. In today’s world creating creativity, creativity in learners and the subject of academic achievement in most countries around the world are among the issues that have led many scholars thinking to engage themselves. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between creativity and academic achievement in medical students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 1396.

The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all students studying at Birjand University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2017. 324 students were selected by stratified sampling. Soltani’s  creativity questionnaire was used to collect data and total average score of students was used as a criterion for assessing academic achievement. Data were analyzed by SPSS.18 using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA test.

In this study, 200 female students and 124 male students were studied. The results showed a significant positive correlation between creativity and students’ academic achievement (r = 0.37). Based on the results of this study, there was no significant difference between the score of creativity regarding the faculty, but there was a significant difference between academic achievement based on the school of education and gender (P <0.05).

Due to the relationship between creativity and academic achievement, it is suggested to hold workshops and empowerment training courses on effective teaching methods for university professors in order to use creative teaching methods.

Patient safety is one of the critical aspects in improving the quality of care and determining the health of patients. In fact, safety is the prevention of the occurrence of unintended accidents and errors for the patients under the care of the health system. Errors of health care workers are one of the most common occurrences in the health systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Procrastination of nurses with patient safety in Allameh Bohlol Gonabadi Hospital.

This study is a descriptive-analytical study which was done in 2019 at Allameh Bohlol Gonabadi Hospital using census sampling on 201 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools included: demographic information questionnaire, procrastination questionnaire and patient safety questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 at the significant level of 0.05. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between the assessed variables.

The results showed that the mean score of nursing neglect was 35.18 and the average patient safety score was 112.26. There was also a statistically significant relationship between nurses procrastination and patient safety.

According to the results of the study, it was found that nurses procrastination alternates the patient’s safety so that the less nurses’ procrastination improves patients’ safety.

Effective healthcare team among healthcare providers is important to improve the quality of services and to provide safe and effective care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the of healthcare team work and its related factors in operating room

Methods and Materials:

 The current study is a descriptive-analytic study and the study population consisted of 217 healthcare providers who work in operating rooms of nine educational hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. For gathering data in this study, two assessment tools including a researcher designed questionnaire and a Team Assessment Questionnaire (TAQ) had been used. Finally, healthcare providers were divided into five groups according to the scoring system.

From 217 samples, 132 were female and 85 were male. The mean of age were 34.9 respectively. The mean score of the teamwork in this study was 194.67 ± 2.05; which according to the scoring system of questionnaire it was considered strong for this study.

Healthcare providers in the operating rooms mostly had a strong or relatively strong teamwork score. But the difference between the various groups inside operating room team represents different perception about the healthcare team behaviors. The results of this study also indicated that the advancement of technology, learning new methods and rewards system are factors influencing the teamwork in the operating room

Medical parasitology courses are highly sensitive to medical students, especially students in laboratory and medical sciences. Therefore, the aim of this study is Expression of experiences to improve the quality of a practical parasitology course for Students of Laboratory Sciences, especially the training session of laboratory tests performed on stool.

In this research, the method of student evaluation is based not only on journals but also on the basis of observation and ranking of the professor. Undoubtedly, the objectives of this questionnaire have been fulfilled and the existence of a questionnaire has not been necessary.

The use of animal manure in comparison with human stools had satisfactory results, so that the students were in the first row of the laboratory and the number of people refusing to do the test was reduced. The effects of stress on the face and behavior of students were not seen. The two volunteers collaborated in the process of conducting the test, and all the students completed the process.

This study provides qualitative and successful experience in replacing animal manure in some practical parasitological sessions and creating an appropriate educational environment. It is also hoped that this method will be effective in removing the risk of working with patients ‘stools and preventing the destruction of students’ perspective of their career prospects.

The use of scientometric indicators to evaluate scholar articles and scientist in academic settings is one of the most challenging topics.(1) These indicators can be influenced by diverse and different factors, including the context in which the assessment activity is performed to measure the productivity and publications of the scientist or scholar. One of these indicators, which is currently used extensively in academic environments for the boost and selection as a scholar or faculty members, is The H-index, which has been accompanied by many critics and controversies between supporters and opponents. Although this index can be helpful in some areas related to scientometric it is not the consensus of all scientific community involved with it.(2) So, for the sake of clarity, we list the criticisms that can be made on this index H-Index is one of the researcher’s scientific evaluation indicators that display their impact on scientific advancement. The H-index was first proposed by Jorge E. Hirsch, a physicist at the University of Southern California, as a tool for the qualitative assessment of researchers. This index for a researcher is H, the number of articles presented by him, each of which has been cited at least H times.(3) But this index also has some limitations that make it an indicator of evaluation. The most important of these reviews include:1.The problem of active scholars in a scientific field  Sometime Researchers working in a particular context might to become low H index, because their number of citations is lower, and reverse, researchers working in different domains have a higher probability of referrals and thus higher H indexes. sometimes this also depends on the context in which the paper has been cited. 2. Different metrics in Google Scholar and Scopus profile The value of this index in Scholar is higher than Scopus, so it is not clear which one is better to be the benchmark.     3. Not considering the contribution of each of the authors This index, regardless of the order of the authors, is allotted to each other, while the contribution and role of each of the authors may vary in the compilation of the article. 4.Self-citation problem By referring to his past research, the author can increase the number of citations and, as a result, his H index. Although there are some limitations in this regard, the author can only refer to his article. 5. The failure to consider checking the text and content of citations This index can due to bias by not looking at the reference text. For example, in some paper, many articles may be cited, but from many articles, just one or two sentences or specialized word are mentioned. 6. Limit index to the number of articles published by the researcher This limitation can lead to this problem that if a researcher has a limited number of articles, but has been frequently referred to, the H index will not be high, and vice versa, if a researcher has many papers and each has multiple citations, index H might rise. 7. The failure to consider various scientific disciplines with different degrees of referrals Different disciplines of science have different capacities in terms of referral and research field, therefore, they cannot be prescribed for all, and this index does not consider this item. 8.The difference in the rate of this indicator in different databases The H indexes calculated at different bases can have a significant difference. This difference can be attributed to factors such as the difference in the time frame for the publication of articles to calculate the index and also the difference in the coverage of articles. 9. Failure to consider the quality of reference papers Due to the H-index calculation formula, which is important for a few articles, it is likely that the quality of the articles will not be taken into account. 10. Not considering the strength or weakness of the papers for Pyramid of Evidences According to the Pyramid of Evidence, systolic rejection studies are at the highest level, but this study may be at a level or even lower level with a low-level study. In addition, there are scholars with high impact factors and hundreds of publications without any applied research.