نشریه روانشناسی معاصر
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

Cancer remains one of the most important illnesses of the present century and is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease despite significant advances in medical science. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between D type personality and self-compassion with health behaviors in women with breast cancer taking into account the moderating role of perceived stress. The study population consisted of all women with breast cancer who referred to Imam Hossein Hospital. The research sample size consisted of 70 patients who were selected using convenience sampling method. The research tools were Denollet D type personality questionnaire, Neff self-compassion questionnaire, Logas health status questionnaire and Cohen et al perceived stress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical methods of correlation between variables, or structural correlation in structural equation modeling. Data were analyzed using Amos software. The results of the study show that the proposed model has a suitable fit (RMSEA=0/05), thus there is a significant correlation between self-compassion, D type personality and perceived stress with the health behaviors of women with breast cancer referring to medical hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (a=0.01). The regression coefficient between self-compassion and health behaviors with the highest correlation was positive. Also, the relationship of perceived stress with positive health behaviors was positive. While personality D showed a negative relationship with health care behaviors. The results of this study showed that D type personality, self-efficacy and perceived stress have a significant role in predicting health behaviors. By focusing on these structures, we can achieve more stable and better therapeutic results in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of alexithymia, loneliness and fear of intimacy in attitudes to infidelity in men. The research was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of all male employees of the hadian company of Tehran municipality. Out of this statistical population, 261 people were selected as convenience sampling. Attitudes toward infidelity scale of Whathley (2008), Toronto alexithymia scale (1994), fear of intimacy scale of Descutner & Thelen (1991) and loneliness scale of Russell & Peplau & Cutrona (1980) were used for data collection. Correlation test and standard regression were used to data analysis. Pearson correlation showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between alexithymia, loneliness and fear of intimacy with attitudes toward infidelity (P <0.001). In addition, the results of regression analysis indicated that alexithymia, loneliness and fear of intimacy were able to anticipate the attitudes toward infidelity with 0.31, 0.15 & 0.14. According to the findings, it can be concluded that alexithymia, loneliness, and fear of intimacy are the most important factors affecting attitudes toward infidelity in men; therefore, they should be improved by mean of appropriate training in order to reduce infidelity among men.

The purpose of the present research was explaining the hope in employees based on the perceived organizational support and workplace spirituality. The research was carried out in the form of correlational design and predictive study. For this purpose, 396 employees of Markazi Province Electeric Distribution Company working in 2015, were selected by stratified random sampling based on their job conditions and were examined as the sample. The required data, were collected by Snyder Hope Scale, Survey of Perceived Organizational Support and Workplace Spirituality Scale, and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple simultaneous regressions.The results indicated that there was direct and significant relationship between perceived organizational support and workplace spirituality with hope and its components in employees (r=0/28 to 0/53, p<0/001). However, workplace spirituality had the main contribution in predicting total hope, agency thinking and pathway thinking in employees in level of p<0/001 (Respectively with Beta=0/528, 0/508 and 0/461).Workplace spirituality was the important variable in explaining the hope of employees and it is necessary to pay it special attention by the managers of the organizations.

This study aimed to investigate the psychological hardiness as the role of mediator in the relationship between spiritual well-being and marital satisfaction. This study considers spiritual well-being as an exogenous variable, and dimensions of psychological hardiness as mediator variables, and marital satisfaction as an endogenous variable. Participants in this study were 300 marital students of Shiraz University and Shiraz medical sciences dormitories selected by cluster sampling method. Also participants responded spiritual well-being scale Paloutzian & Ellison (1982), Hudson Index of Martial Satisfaction (IMS) (1992) and Ahvaz Hardiness Scale (1999).The method of research was correlation and path analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the Spiritual well-being has positive effect on the psychological hardiness (β=0.68, p=0.004) and the psychological hardiness has a positive effect on the martial satisfaction (β=0.22, p=0.02). Also, it was found that the psychological hardiness played significant mediator role between spiritual well-being and the martial satisfaction (β=0.82, p= 0.03). According to these findings, it can be concluded that if persons increase and enhance the spiritual well-being, it will reinforce principles and strategies of marital satisfaction and enhance satisfaction of their life.

This study aimed to develop a computational model for recognition of emotion in Persian text as a supervised machine learning problem. We considered Pluthchik emotion model as supervised learning criteria and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as baseline classifier. We also used NRC lexicon and contextual features as training data and components of the model. One hundred selected texts including political-social newspaper editorials were used to test the model (real terms). Also in this study, the "support vector machine" algorithm was used as the learning classifier and four indicators of accuracy, accuracy, f-score and recall were used to evaluate the model. The results show that the efficiency of the model in detecting different emotions varies from 79% to 98% and mean presision of the model for all classes was 84%. Using all indexes, the classifier showed more performance in joy category than other 7 types. The results of this study show that using emotion-based approach, supervised learning and minimal contextual features can be useful in automatic identification of emotions. It also showed that a combination of lexical resource and contextual features can be used as learning base for a SVM model.

Health is a dynamic state in which individuals consistently adapt themselves to the internal and external changes. Different sciences and disciplines have addressed health issues, which among them, the community health disciplines have a special look at the subject. The purpose of this study was to investigate and develop a structural model for prediction of subjective well-being based on philosophical and perfectionism mentality through mediation of mindfulness in Tehran male employees. The present research was a correlation research and the target population of this study included all male employees of four state departments of Tehran in 2018. In this study, multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used. The sample size was 300 people according to the number of variables in the research. In this research the philosophical mentality, perfectionism, mindfulness, and subjective well-being questionnaires were used. Analyzing of data was performed using path analysis and structural modeling. The structural model of prediction of subjective well-being prediction based on philosophical mentality and perfectionism with the mediation of mindfulness in male employees was satisfactorily matched with research data (p<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the subjective well-being in the men employees of Tehran state departments is explained by the philosophical mindedness and perfectionism through mediation of mindfulness .

The aim of this research is study of effectiveness of time perspective change training on anxiety reduction and improvement of self-efficacy in children doing labors. This is a semi-experimental study with 18 working children who participated voluntarily. All participants answered to adolescent time inventory, self-efficacy questioner and the state-trait anxiety inventory as pre and post-tests and then attended in 16 sessions of time perspective change training. Pre and post-test were examined with analysis of covariance. Results showed a meaningful decrease in self-efficacy and anxiety reduction comparing to the baseline. These finding showed the importance of training time perspective changes for some child labors’ problems.

Recently, a construct called "body awareness" has been defined in the field of health, which means focusing on and awareness of internal physical senses. Body awareness is known as a two facet construct that can have adaptive and maladaptive dimension. Despite the importance of such construct in the mental health, the psychometric properties of questionnaire that assess body awareness, have not been investigated in Iran. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was assessing psychometric properties of Persian version of body awareness Questionnaire (Shields, Mallory and Simon, 1989). Data were collected after translating into Persian and translating the modified Persian text into the original language. The body awareness questionnaire was distributed between 238 students of university of Tehran. Data was analyzed using, Pearson`s correlation, Cronbach's alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of body awareness questionnaire was 0.88. Convergent validity was assessed using the subscales of Experience Questionnaire (decentering subscale) and Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire was used to assess divergent validity. Correlation coefficient (r=0.3) and non-significant correlation coefficient (r=0.02) were obtained. In exploratory factor analysis of this questionnaire, 4 factors were obtained and the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for such 4 factors model. and this 4-factor model fitted well (RMSEA = 0.06; Chi-square/ df= 2.15).
This study provides promising evidence of the psychometric properties of the Physical Awareness Questionnaire in the non-clinical student population.