Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 3, Summer 2019

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the novel marker, body adiposity index (BAI), is accurate to measure percentage of body fat (PBF).

Seventy-eight males were undergone anthropometric examination. PBF was calculated by BAI and measured using InBody 3.0.  

Significant correlation was found between BAI and PBF (r = 0.751; P < 0.001).

PBF can be measured by BAI, which is calculating from hip circumference and height and we validated this novel index. Therefore, it can be widely used in the clinical settings.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating in which there is no standardized method to detect this disease activity. It has shown abnormal microRNAs (miRNAs) function in peripheral blood immune cells. miRNAs expression is probably responsible for immunological features associated with MS. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association of miR-93-5p expression with MS disease.

In this case-control study, a totally of 30 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled. Following miRNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, miR-93-5p expression was examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

The expression of miR-93-5p was significantly increased in RRMS patients compared to healthy subjects (P=0.001). Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis identified a strong predictive power of miR‑93-5p on discriminating MS from healthy individuals, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.939 (95% CI; 0.8581-1.000). On the other hand, the samples were analyzed based on the type of drug treatment (interferon and non-interferon), which did not show any considerable differences (P=0.863).

Our findings showed that miR-93-5p has highly elevated expression in patients with RRMS compared to healthy subjects. Based on the results miR-93-5p may be a prospective biomarker with the potential use for diagnosis of RRMS patients.

Regarding the many applications of nanomaterials in various industries and the existence of many hypotheses on the harmful effects of nanoparticles on living things, the research in this field is of great significance. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc and vitamin C nanoparticles as antioxidants and administration both on locomotor activity and anxiety.

In this experimental study, rats were divided into seven groups including one saline group and six treatment groups. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were injected intraperitoneally in six groups at three concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg and vitamin C at three concentrations of 30, 60 and 120 mg/kg. At the end of the prescription period, the number of lines crossed in the open field test for motor activity and the number of stools for anxiety in each group were evaluated over a 5-min period.

Prescription of different doses of ZnO and vitamin C did not indicate any significant change in motor activity compared to the saline group. The injection of 30 and 120 mg/kg of vitamin C decreased the number of defecation (anxiety) compared to the saline group (P < 0.001and P < 0.01, respectively) and also significant decrease was observed at 5 and 1.25 mg/kg doses of ZnO compared to the saline group (P < 0.001).

Based on these observations, vitamin C and ZnO reduced anxiety but had no effect on the motor activity of animals.

Higher quality of life is the main desire of modern society. Therefore, paying attention to quality of life (QOF) and influential elements especially economic variables has turned into a necessity. This study was aimed at determining the relationship between QOF and economic variables, which was performed in the counties of Ilam province in Iran in 2013.

In this cross-sectional research, 918 households were selected among ten counties of Ilam province by using multiple stages clustering sampling. Data were collected through macroeconomics questionnaires and 36-SF QOF questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 through t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC), and multiple regressions.

The mean ± SD of QOF was 61.74 ± 12.31. The correlations between monthly income and physical function scopes were (r=0.11, P<0.05), mental health (r=0.16, P<0.01), exhilaration (r=0.17, P<0.01), social function (r=0.16, P<0.01), physical pain (r=0.14, P<0.01), public health (r=0.12, P<0.05), and the total score of the QOF was (r=0.13, P<0.01). Based on the outcome of multiple regressions, the mean of QOF increased 2.45 units per mean which indicated increased unit of satisfaction regarding their living.

The biggest barriers to safety and security among society’s individual life include social deprivation and poverty. Therefore, the general improvement in QOF can be influenced by increasing social cooperation, improving health care services, and providing consulting services about obtained policies by health care.

In the third millennium, we need employees and organizations that can adapt quickly to change and use challenges as an opportunity for growth and prosperity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of positive organizational behavior in government organizations with emphasis on Iranian Islamic values.

The statistical population of the research consisted of all government agencies, which were selected from the sample of 384 according to the Morgan Table. For this purpose, more accurate results were obtained and the data required for the research were collected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. T-test and analysis of variance were used to confirm or reject the relevant questions. Also, Cronbach's alpha test was used to determine the reliability of the research questionnaire.

Correlation of the positive organizational behavior with Islamic positive organizational behavior, performance, culture, structure and technology was 0.69, 0.56, 0.34, 055, 0.19 and 0.35 respectively. According to the analysis on research variables, two important variables, positive organizational behavior and positive Islamic organizational behavior were identified

The findings of this study show that positive organizational behavior (flexibility) has a significant relationship with organizational performance.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in immune-compromised individuals, including malignant patients under chemotherapy, can cause severe diseases as encephalitis or systemic infections. There is no study on toxoplasmosis in cancer patients in Guilan Province.This study was designed to determine toxoplasmosis IgM and IgG antibodies in cancer patients and to compare it to normal population in the north of Iran, Guilan.

The present case control study is the first study on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in cancer patients referred to an educational hospital in Rasht- Guilan (North of Iran), from July 2017 to January 2018. The range of the participants' age was 14–88 years, of whom 52.6% and 47.4% were male and female, respectively. Blood samples were collected from 150 immuno-competent individuals as a control group and 150 cancer patients. The antibodies (IgG/IgM) were measured by the ELISA method using available kits (ToxoIgG and ToxoIgM Euroimmun).

The overall sero-prevalence of toxoplasmosis among the participants was 96 (64%) and 97/150 (64.7%) in cancer patients and controls, respectively. In patients, 94 (62.6 %%) were seropositive for only IgG, 1 (0.66%) for only IgM, and 1 (0.66%) for both IgG and IgM. In the control group, 1/150(0.66%) had IgG and IgM positive and 96/150 (64 %) were IgG positive and IgM negative that considered acute and chronic toxoplasmosis, respectively. Two out of 150 control groups were IgG and IgM borderline, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant for IgG (P= 0.8) and IgM (P=0.85) among the patients and also the control groups. Sero-prevalence of T. gondii infection varied significantly with age, sex, residence, cat at home, and educational level.

The data showed that a high percent of patients and control groups were susceptible to re-activation of latent toxoplasmosis. But In immune-compromised patients, reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis could even leads to lethal encephalitis. Therefore, the screening of toxoplasmosis should be considered more routinely in cancer patients.

Assessing the range of skills that midwives require is very important. This study was aimed at investigating live experiences of midwifery students from the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) as an assessment tool.

This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach and five pre-internship undergraduate midwifery students who undertook Objective Structured Clinical Examination, participated in this study. Purposive and voluntary sampling methods were utilized. Data were collected using in-depth, unstructured and individual interviews. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method.

Following analysis, five main themes were emerged: previous preparation, implementation of OSCE, OSCE content, accuracy of OSCE and feedback of OSCE in clinical practice. The most important theme was feedback to students about their learning activity.

According to our findings, OSCE help midwifery students to recognize their weaknesses and thus improve their skills in clinical trainings. In addition, OSCE is a valuable tool to learn necessary skills for the profession of midwifery. Based on this study results, we suggest that OSCE assessment is a very beneficial method in midwifery education.

Joint replacement surgery in the wrist is less common than other replacement, but can be an option if you have painful arthritis that does not respond to other treatments.
In wrist joint replacement surgery, the damaged parts of the wrist bones are removed and replaced with artificial components, called a wrist prosthesis. If the cartilage is worn away or damaged by injury, infection, or disease, the bones themselves will rub against each other, wearing out the ends of the bones. This causes a painful, arthritic condition. Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, results from a gradual wearing away of the cartilage covering on bones. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that results in pain, stiffness and swelling. Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects several joints on both the right and left sides of the body. Both forms of arthritis may affect the strength of the fingers and hand, making it difficult to grip or pinch.